肌成纤维细胞在牙龈纤维化疾病中致病作用的研究进展

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.01.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在口腔、皮肤、心脏、肝脏、肾脏等多数器官,大多慢性进行性疾病的最终结果都是组织纤维化或瘢痕形成,肌成纤维细胞几乎是所有器官纤维化的关键效应细胞。在牙龈纤维化疾病中,肌成纤维细胞推动纤维化进程,在该过程中过度合成、沉积和重塑细胞外基质蛋白,特别是Ⅰ型胶原,导致牙龈正常生理外形及结构改变,进而影响患者咀嚼、美观等功能。本文结合近年来国内外相关研究进展,讨论了在以家族性牙龈纤维瘤病、药物性牙龈肥大为代表的牙龈纤维化疾病中,肌成纤维细胞的生物学特点、来源、特性、转分化的调控过程及结局,了解转化生长因子β介导的成纤维细胞向肌成纤维细胞的转分化及调控过程。作为牙龈纤维化的关键效应细胞,肌成纤维细胞是抗纤维化治疗重要的靶标,因此其对于发现和开发有前途的抗纤维化候选药物至关重要。

关键词: 纤维化, 肌成纤维细胞, 药物性牙龈肥大, 家族性牙龈纤维瘤病

Abstract: In many organs, such as oral, skin, heart, liver, kidney, etc., most of the final result of chronic diseases are tissue fibrosis or scar formation. Myofibroblasts are almost all organized cells of organ fibrosis. In gingival fibrosis, myofibroblasts promote the process of fibrosis. In the process of gingival fibrosis, myofibroblasts result in excessive synthesis, deposition, and reshaping of extracellular matrix protein, especially type Ⅰ collagen, which causes the normal gingival physiological shape and structure to change and influence the patients' chewing, beauty, and other functions. This article combines related researches progress at home and abroad in recent years, discusses the biological characteristics of myofibroblasts in gingival fibrosis represented by drug-induced gingival overgrowth and hereditary gingival fibromatosis, and the transfer division processes and ending of myofibroblasts, and understands the key signal channels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-mediated fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and regulating these processes. Myofibroblasts are attractive targets of anti-fibrosis treatment, so it is essential to discover and develop promising anti-fibrosis drug candidates.

Key words: fibrosis, myofibroblasts, drug-inducedgingival overgrowth, hereditary gingival fibromatosis

霍雅茹, 刘敏. 肌成纤维细胞在牙龈纤维化疾病中致病作用的研究进展[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2025, 41(1): 12-15.

HUO Yaru, LIU Min. Research Progress on Pathogenic Role of Myofibroblasts in Gingival Fibrotic Diseases[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2025, 41(1): 12-15.

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