关键词: 微创牙周非手术治疗, 牙周内窥镜, 激光治疗, 光动力抗菌疗法, 龈下喷砂

Abstract: Non-surgical periodontal treatment is a very important part of systemic periodontal therapy. With the progress of the modern minimally invasive concept in oral treatment, some new minimally invasive non-surgical periodontal therapy (MINST) have been developed, such as periodontal endoscopy, laser therapy, antibacterial photodynamic therapy, and subgingival air polishing. This article reviews the MINST and its clinical application. Treatment of MINST in narrow deep vertical bone pocket can achieve the goal of periodontal tissue regeneration to minimize the necessary of surgery. Periodontal endoscope-assisted root debridement can significantly improve the removal rate of root calculus and reduce tissue trauma. Laser therapy is a possible alternative to traditional root debridement, especially for patients with tooth sensitivity, which can significantly improve the comfort level of treatment. Both Er:YAG laser and Er,Cr:YSGG laser can be used for non-surgical periodontal therapy. Meanwhile, Er:YAG laser is more efficient than Er,Cr:YSGG laser in removing calculus and has a lower incidence of pit on root surface. The clinical effect of antibacterial photodynamic therapy in assisting traditional subgingival root surface debridement is still controversial, but it is possible to decrease subgingival bacterial community quantity, C-reactive protein, and bleeding probing in the short term. The efficiency and comfort of subgingival air polishing are significantly higher than that of traditional subgingival ultrasonic scaling, and the clinical effect is consistent with that of ultrasonic treatment in residual periodontal pocket and periodontal maintenance.

Key words: minimally invasive on-surgical periodontal therapy, periodontal endoscopy, laser therapy, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, subgingival air polishing