口腔医学研究

口腔医学研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 656-660.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.004

• 牙体牙髓病学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

牙髓干细胞外泌体改善炎症环境下雪旺细胞功能

谢晓琪, 李艳萍, 刘会梅, 何丽娜, 孙靖宣, 杨晓慧, 车静怡, 牛玉梅*   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院牙体牙髓科,哈尔滨医科大学口腔医学院 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-02 出版日期:2026-08-28 发布日期:2026-08-17
  • 通讯作者: *牛玉梅,E-mail:yumeiniu@163.com
  • 作者简介:谢晓琪(1998~ ),女,合肥人,硕士在读,研究方向:干细胞来源外泌体与组织工程。
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省重点研发项目(编号:2022X06C05); 黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(编号:PL2025H083); 黑龙江省博士后面上项目(编号:LBH-Z24222)

Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Improve Schwann Cells Functions in Inflammatory Microenvironment

XIE Xiaoqi, LI Yanping, LIU Huimei, HE Lina, SUN Jingxuan, YANG Xiaohui, CHE Jingyi, NIU Yumei*   

  1. Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
  • Received:2026-02-02 Online:2026-08-28 Published:2026-08-17

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摘要： 目的: 利用脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS)体外构建炎症模型,探究人牙髓干细胞(human dental pulp stem cells, hDPSCs)来源的细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles, EVs)对雪旺细胞(Schwann cells, SCs)生物学功能的影响。方法: 分离培养hDPSCs及其EVs并鉴定。检测hDPSC-EVs对正常状态下SCs迁移和增殖的影响。构建1.0 μg/mL LPS诱导RSC96细胞72 h炎症模型,设对照组(Control)、LPS模型组、LPS + hDPSC-EVs组、LPS + hDPSC-条件培养基(conditional medium, CM)组及LPS + 中性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂(neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor, GW4869)-CM组。RT-qPCR及酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测炎症因子及神经营养因子表达。结果: hDPSC-EVs显著促进正常SCs的增殖和迁移。在72 h炎症模型中,hDPSC-EVs能显著下调促炎因子的表达,并显著上调抑炎因子和神经营养因子的表达。GW4869应用后,上述调节功能均减弱。结论: hDPSC-EVs在炎症微环境下可调节SCs的炎症相关因子,并促进神经营养相关因子的表达。

关键词: 牙髓干细胞, 外泌体, 炎症微环境, 雪旺细胞, 面神经损伤

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of human dental pulp stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (hDPSC-EVs) on Schwann cells' (SCs) functions in LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment in vitro. Methods: hDPSCs and hDPSC-EVs were isolated and identified. hDPSC-EVs' effects on SCs proliferation and migration were assessed by CCK-8 and wound healing assays in normal conditions. SCs were treated with 1.0 μg/mL LPS for 72 h to establish an inflammatory model. Groups included Control, LPS, LPS + hDPSC-EVs, LPS + hDPSC-CM, and LPS + GW4869-CM. Meanwhile, the expression level of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) and neurotrophic factors (BDNF and NGF) were examined by RT-qPCR and ELISA. Results: Under normal condition, hDPSC-EVs substantially improved SCs' proliferation (P<0.05) and migration (P<0.001). In LPS-induced inflammatory model, hDPSC-EVs markedly decreased the expression level of IL-6 and TNF-α while upregulated secretion of IL-10, BDNF, and NGF. These modulations were attenuated by the EVs inhibitor GW4869. Conclusion: hDPSC-EVs can modulate the expression of inflammation-related factors and promote the expression of neurotrophic factors in SCs under an inflammatory microenvironment.

Key words: human dental pulp stem cells, extracellular vesicles, inflammatory microenvironment, Schwann cells, facial nerve injury