口腔医学研究

口腔医学研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 300-305.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.04.006

• 口腔种植学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

清洁对全牙弓种植固定修复种植体周菌群影响分析

张雪婷1, 黄珠妹1#, 张秋芳2,3, 杨艺芸1, 杨洋1, 张笑琴2, 许铭炎1,2,3*   

  1. 1.福建医科大学口腔医学院 福建 福州 350000;
    2.厦门医学院附属口腔医院种植二科 福建 厦门 361000;
    3.厦门市口腔疾病诊疗重点实验室 福建 厦门 361000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-26 发布日期:2026-04-23
  • 通讯作者: *许铭炎,E-mail:myxu@xmmc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张雪婷(1997~ ),女,福建莆田人,硕士,医师,研究方向:口腔种植。黄珠妹(1993~ ),女,福建莆田人,学士,主治医师,研究方向:口腔种植。#为共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    厦门医学院附属口腔医院科研培育基金创新团队项目(编号:2023XKCX0003)；厦门医学院基础研究培育项目(编号:K2023-22)

Effect of Cleaning on Peri-implant Flora in Full-arch Implant-supported Fixed Restorations

ZHANG Xueting1, HUANG Zhumei1#, ZHANG Qiufang2,3, YANG Yiyun1, YANG Yang1, ZHANG Xiaoqin2, XU Mingyan1,2,3*   

  1. 1. School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China;
    2. Second Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361000, China;
    3. Xiamen Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen 361000, China
  • Received:2025-08-26 Published:2026-04-23

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摘要： 目的:探讨种植体支持式全口固定义齿修复体清洁对种植体周的菌斑及菌群变化的影响。方法:选取64例全牙弓种植体支持固定修复患者,其中29例比较不同清洁习惯修复组织面菌斑附着占比;采集其余35例患者清洁前、后种植体周围龈沟液,分析清洁前(BC组)、清洁后(AC组)菌群变化。结果:全牙弓种植固定修复体组织面菌斑占比下颌显著大于上颌(P＜0.05)。不同清洁习惯患者修复体组织面菌斑占比无显著差异(P＞0.05)。AC组厚壁菌门、变形菌门丰度升高,拟杆菌门、螺旋体门降低(P＜0.05);链球菌属、普雷沃氏菌属增加,密螺旋体属减少(P＜0.05)。多样性分析结果显示BC组与AC组菌群多样性具有差异(P＜0.05)。结论:全牙弓种植固定修复患者下颌修复体更不容易清洁,清洁修复体可显著降低种植体支持全口固定义齿修复患者的种植体周围致病菌群的种属及占比,有助于种植体周稳定。

关键词: 种植体支持式固定修复, 口腔卫生, 龈下菌群, 菌群变化

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of cleaning of implant-supported full-mouth fixed restorations on changes in peri-implant plaque and microbiota. Methods: Among 64 patients who received full-arch implant-supported fixed restorations, 29 were selected to compare plaque attachment rates on the restoration surfaces across different cleaning habits. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from the remaining 35 patients before cleaning (Group BC) and after cleaning (Group AC) for microbial analysis. Results: In full-arch implant-supported fixed restorations, the proportion of plaque on the tissue surface was significantly higher in the mandible than in the maxilla (P<0.05). No significant difference in plaque attachment rate was observed among different cleaning habits (P＞0.05). Compared with Group BC, Group AC showed a significantly increased abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria (P<0.05), while the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes significantly decreased (P<0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Prevotella increased, whereas that of Treponema decreased (P<0.05). Diversity analysis revealed significant differences between BC and AC groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: In patients with full-arch implant-supported fixed restorations, the mandibular restorations are more difficult to clean; meanwhile, the cleaning of prostheses significantly reduces the species and proportion of pathogenic peri-implant microbiota, which is conducive to peri-implant stability.

Key words: implant-supported fixed restoration, oral hygiene, subgingival flora, microflora change