不同骨质类型对下颌双植体种植覆盖义齿应力影响的三维有限元分析

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.05.007

口腔医学研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 395-399.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.05.007

不同骨质类型对下颌双植体种植覆盖义齿应力影响的三维有限元分析

魏星^1,2, 张志宏^2*

1.蚌埠医科大学口腔医学院安徽蚌埠 233030;
2.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)口腔医学中心安徽合肥 230001

收稿日期:2024-12-11 出版日期:2025-05-28 发布日期:2025-05-26
通讯作者: ^*张志宏,E-mail:zzhzqr@126.com
作者简介:魏星(1999~ ),男,安徽人,硕士在读,住院医师,研究方向:口腔种植学。
基金资助:
2023年安徽省重点研究与开发计划,生物医疗-创新医疗器械,“国产智能口腔种植机器人的研究”(编号:2023s07020006)

Effect of Different Bone Types on Stress Distribution of Mandibular Double Implants Overdenture by Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis

WEI Xing^1,2, ZHANG Zhihong^2*

1. School of Stomatology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China;
2. Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China

Received:2024-12-11 Online:2025-05-28 Published:2025-05-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 使用三维有限元方法分析不同骨质类型对下颌双植体支持的覆盖义齿系统的应力分布影响。方法: 选择一位下颌无牙颌成年患者,拍摄锥形束CT生成下颌无牙颌实体化模型,并建立包含下颌骨、种植体、Locator附着体及覆盖义齿的三维有限元模型,给予模型垂直及斜向两种加载条件,得出种植体系统及其支持骨组织的冯米塞斯应力大小,分析应力分布的规律。结果: (1)皮质骨和种植体的最大冯米塞斯应力随着皮质骨厚度的减少和松质骨密度的降低而逐渐增大,即Ⅳ类＞Ⅲ类＞Ⅱ类＞Ⅰ类;(2)松质骨的最大冯米塞斯应力随着骨质的减弱而逐渐降低,即Ⅰ类＞Ⅱ类＞Ⅲ类＞Ⅳ类;(3)所有工况种植体的应力峰值都集中在种植体和基台的接触区以及种植体与皮质骨交界的颈部螺纹处;(4)斜向加载条件下,种植体系统及周围骨组织的最大冯米塞斯应力明显增加。结论: 本研究结果提示,行下颌双植体种植覆盖义齿修复时,骨质会影响种植体系统及支持骨组织的应力分布,随着骨质的减弱,皮质骨和种植体的应力增加而松质骨的应力降低,Ⅳ类骨可能会增加种植体并发症的风险,不利于提高种植体长期稳定性。

关键词: 种植覆盖义齿, 骨质类型, 应力分布, 牙种植体, 有限元分析

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the effects of different bone types on the stress distribution of overdenture supported by mandibular double implants by three-dimensional finite element method. Methods: A mandibular edentulous adult patient was selected and the solid model of mandibular edentulous jaw was created by CBCT, and a three-dimensional finite element model including mandible, implant, Locator attachment, and overdenture was established. The vertical and oblique loading conditions of the model were given to obtain the von Mises stress of the implant system and its supporting bone tissue, and the law of stress distribution was analyzed. Results: (1) The maximum von Mises stress of cortical bone and implant increased with the decrease of cortical bone thickness and cancellous bone mineral density, that was Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ. (2) The maximum von Mises stress of cancellous bone decreased with the weakening of bone, that was Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ. (3) The peak stress of the implant under all working conditions was concentrated in the contact area between the implant and the abutment and the cervical thread at the junction of the implant and cortical bone. (4) The maximum von Mises stress of the implant system and surrounding bone tissue increased significantly under oblique loading. Conclusion: During the restoration of mandibular double implants overdenture, bone type will affect the stress distribution of implant system and supporting bone. With the weakening of bone, the stress of cortical bone and implant increases, while the stress of cancellous bone decreases. Ⅳ bone may increase the risk of implant complications, which is not conducive to improve the long-term stability of the implant.

Key words: implant supported overdenture, bone type, stress distribution, dental implant, finite element analysis

魏星, 张志宏. 不同骨质类型对下颌双植体种植覆盖义齿应力影响的三维有限元分析[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2025, 41(5): 395-399.

WEI Xing, ZHANG Zhihong. Effect of Different Bone Types on Stress Distribution of Mandibular Double Implants Overdenture by Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2025, 41(5): 395-399.

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不同骨质类型对下颌双植体种植覆盖义齿应力影响的三维有限元分析

Effect of Different Bone Types on Stress Distribution of Mandibular Double Implants Overdenture by Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis

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