𬌗平面角和Balkwill角与颞下颌关节形态相关性的研究

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.11.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 探讨骨性Ⅱ类错牙合不同垂直骨面型患者牙合平面角和Balkwill角与颞下颌关节形态之间的相关性。方法: 研究组为骨性Ⅱ类错牙合患者,依据下颌平面角(FH-MP)分为低角组、均角组和高角组,每组35例,对照组为35例骨性Ⅰ类均角患者。使用Invivo Dental 5软件测量各组Balkwill角、后部牙合平面角(posterior occlusal plane angle, FH-POP)、下颌牙合平面角(mandibular occlusal plane angle, FH-MOP)、DPO(从髁突中心到MOP的垂直距离)及颞下颌关节形态学指标。结果: 骨性Ⅱ类高角组患者具有陡峭的FH-POP和FH-MOP,较小的Balkwill角、DPO,较短的髁突内外径及前后径、较小的髁突倾斜角、关节前间隙和上间隙较窄;而低角组趋势相反。DPO、MOP和Balkwill角三者与颞下颌关节形态均有相关性。结论: 不同矢状骨面型均角患者颞下颌关节的形态学差异较小,而不同垂直骨面型患者颞下颌关节形态间有显著性差异。骨性Ⅱ类高角组与低角组中DPO、FH-MOP、Balkwill角与颞下颌关节形态相关性依次降低。

关键词: 牙合平面, Balkwill角, 颞下颌关节, 骨性Ⅱ类错牙合, 锥形束CT

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the correlation between occlusal plane angles, Balkwill angle, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology in skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion patients with different vertical skeletal patterns. Methods: Skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion patients were divided into hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent subgroups (35 patients each) based on FH-MP angle, with 35 skeletal Class Ⅰ normodivergent adult patients as the control group. The Invivo Dental 5 software was employed to acquire the data of Balkwill angle, posterior occlusal plane angle (FH-POP), mandibular occlusal plane angle (FH-MOP), DPO (vertical distance from condylar center to the MOP), and the TMJ measurement items. Results: Skeletal Class Ⅱ patients with hyperdivergent type exhibited steeper FH-POP and FH-MOP, smaller Balkwill angle and DPO, shorter mediolateral and anteroposterior condylar diameters, smaller condylar inclination angle, and narrower anterior and superior joint spaces, while hypodivergent group showed opposite trends. DPO, MOP, and Balkwill angle were correlated with TMJ morphology. Conclusion: There was little difference in the TMJ morphology of normodivergent patients between the different sagittal patterns. While significant differences were found in the TMJ morphology among different vertical skeletal patterns. The results indicated that the DPO had a significant impact on TMJ morphology, followed by MOP angle, and finally Balkwill angle in skeletal Class Ⅱ hyperdivergent and hypodivergent group.

Key words: occlusal plane, Balkwill angle, temporomandibular joint, skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion, cone-beam computed tomography

单学龙, 李昂, 孟箭, 张静. 𬌗平面角和Balkwill角与颞下颌关节形态相关性的研究[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2025, 41(11): 952-958.

SHAN Xuelong, LI Ang, MENG Jian, ZHANG Jing. Correlation between Occlusal Plane Angle, Balkwill Angle, and Temporomandibular Joint Morphology[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2025, 41(11): 952-958.

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