口腔医学研究

口腔医学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 772-777.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.09.004

• 儿童口腔医学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

3~6岁儿童乳前牙发育异常的研究

邱芬芳, 孟姗, 吴泽启, 汪海霞*   

  1. 苏州口腔医院儿童口腔科 江苏 苏州 215000
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-25 出版日期:2024-09-28 发布日期:2024-09-25
  • 通讯作者: *汪海霞,E-mail:905989174@qq.com
  • 作者简介:邱芬芳(1984~),女,江苏宿迁人,硕士,副主任医师,研究方向:儿童口腔。

Study on Developmental Anomalies of Anterior Deciduous Teeth in 3-6-year-old Children

QIU Fenfang, MENG Shan, WU Zeqi, WANG Haixia*   

  1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Suzhou Stomatological Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
  • Received:2024-03-25 Online:2024-09-28 Published:2024-09-25

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摘要： 目的:探讨3~6岁儿童乳前牙发育异常的发生情况。方法:选择2023年1~12月来我院就诊的3~6岁儿童,最终纳入9432张曲面断层片,记录乳前牙和继承恒牙发育异常的情况,应用SPSS 24.0统计软件分析所得的数据。结果:乳前牙发育异常的总发生率为3.90%,性别间差异无统计学意义(P=0.483)。乳前牙先天缺失最常见,发生率为2.15%,性别间差异无统计学意义(P=0.887),单侧缺失多于双侧(P=0.000),下颌缺失多于上颌(P=0.000),右侧缺失多于左侧(P=0.000),乳前牙先天缺失其继承恒牙有4种情况(缺失70.85%,正常25.83%,融合牙1.85%和额外牙1.48%)。乳前牙融合牙的发生率为1.84%,性别间差异无统计学意义(P=0.110),单侧融合多于双侧(P=0.000),下颌融合多于上颌(P=0.000),右侧融合多于左侧(P=0.012),乳前牙融合牙其继承恒牙有3种情况(缺失52.33%,正常43.52%和融合牙4.15%)。乳前牙额外牙的发生率为0.13%,其继承恒牙有2种情况(额外牙33.33%,无额外牙66.67%)。乳前牙畸形舌尖的发生率为0.42‰,乳前牙双根的发生率为0.21‰,乳前牙阻生牙的发生率为0.11‰。结论:乳前牙发育异常发生率3.90%,乳前牙发育异常在一定程度上影响乳牙和乳牙列,甚至可能并发恒牙和恒牙列异常。对乳前牙发育异常的患儿,可通过影像学检查了解继承恒牙的情况,早期发现和诊断恒牙异常,以便采取合理的治疗方案。

关键词: 乳牙列, 牙齿发育异常, 融合牙, 先天缺牙, 额外牙

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the occurrence of developmental anomalies of anterior deciduous teeth in 3-6-year-old children. Methods: A total of 9432 panoramic radiographs of 3-6-year-old children with deciduous dentition were collected from January 2023 to December 2023. The incidence of anterior deciduous and inherited dental developmental anomalies was observed and analyzed. Results: The incidence of anterior deciduous developmental anomalies was 3.9%, and the difference between the genders was not statistically significant (P=0.483). Congenital anterior deciduous teeth absence was the most common, with an incidence of 2.15%. There was no statistical difference between genders (P=0.887). The differences between unilateral and bilateral, maxillary and mandibular, right and left were statistically significant (P=0.000). Four types of congenital deciduous anterior teeth absence with inherited permanent teeth were observed (absent teeth 70.85%, visible teeth 25.83%, fused teeth 1.85%, and supernumerary teeth 1.48%). The incidence of anterior deciduous tooth fusion was 1.84%, and there was no statistical difference between genders (P=0.110). The differences between unilateral and bilateral, maxillary and mandibular were statistically significant (P=0.000). Tooth fusion in right was more than left (P=0.012). Three types of deciduous anterior fused teeth with inherited permanent teeth were observed (absent teeth 52.33%, visible teeth 43.52%, and fused teeth 4.15%). The incidence of supernumerary teeth in deciduous anterior teeth was 0.13%, and two types of inherited permanent teeth were observed (33.33% with supernumerary teeth and 66.67% without supernumerary teeth). The incidence of freakish lingual cusp in deciduous anterior teeth was 0.42‰, bi-rooted in deciduous anterior teeth was 0.21‰, and impacted in deciduous anterior teeth was 0.11‰. Conclusion: The anterior deciduous developmental anomalies partly affects deciduous teeth and deciduous dentition, and even complicates with permanent teeth and permanent dentition abnormalities. The application of imaging examination can detect inherited permanent teeth abnormalities so as to adopt reasonable treatment plans.

Key words: deciduous dentition, dental developmental anomalies, fused tooth congenitally, absent teeth, supernumerary teeth