襄阳市樊城区儿童第一恒磨牙健康状况调查

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 分析襄阳市樊城区三、四年级儿童第一恒磨牙萌出、患龋及窝沟封闭等情况,探讨儿童龋病防治策略。方法: 对襄阳市樊城区2023年儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目的三、四年级儿童的第一恒磨牙检查结果进行分析。结果: 共调查5447名儿童,4颗第一恒磨牙均完全萌出率为79.14%,患龋率为26.84%,龋均为0.48±0.93,龋面均为0.60±1.34,龋补充填比为27.54%,窝沟封闭率为17.35%,釉质发育不全患病率为4.17%,需封闭率为84.78%。第一恒磨牙完全萌出率、患龋率、龋均及龋面均女生均高于男生,四年级均高于三年级。上颌第一恒磨牙完全萌出率高于下颌,而患龋率下颌高于上颌。三年级的窝沟封闭率和龋补充填比均高于四年级,而需封闭率四年级高于三年级。女生的窝沟封闭率高于男生,而需封闭率男生高于女生。龋补充填比在不同性别儿童之间无显著差异。结论: 襄阳市樊城区三、四年级儿童第一恒磨牙患龋率较高,龋齿充填及窝沟封闭的需求较大,应考虑加大口腔健康宣教及卫生服务力度。

关键词: 第一恒磨牙, 萌出率, 患龋率, 窝沟封闭

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the eruption, caries, and pit and fissure sealing of the first permanent molars among children in the third and fourth grades in Fancheng District of Xiangyang City. Methods: Data of examination on the first permanent molars of children in the third and fourth grades participating in China Children Oral Disease Comprehensive Intervention Project in Fancheng District of Xiangyang City in 2023 were collected and analyzed. Results: Among 5,447 children surveyed, the total eruption rate of first permanent molars was 79.14%, the caries prevalence was 26.84%, the mean decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) was 0.48±0.93, the mean decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS) was 0.60±1.34, the ratio of caries filling was 27.54%, the rate of pit and fissure sealing was 17.35%, the rate of enamel hypoplasia was 4.17%, and 84.78% of children need pit and fissure sealing. The total eruption rate, caries prevalence, mean DMFT and mean DMFS of the first permanent molars were all higher among girls than among boys, and higher in the fourth grade than in the third grade. The maxillary teeth had a higher complete eruption rate and a lower caries prevalence rate than the mandibular ones. The pit and fissure sealing rate and the filling ratio in the third grade were both higher than those in the fourth grade, while the proportions of children requiring pit and fissure sealing were the opposite. The pit and fissure sealing rate among girls was higher than that among boys, while the proportions of children requiring pit and fissure sealing were the opposite. There was no significant difference in the filling rate of dental caries among children of different genders. Conclusion: The health status of the first permanent molars among children in the third and fourth grades in Fancheng District is not optimistic. With a serious caries problem, there is a great need for dental caries filling and pit and fissure sealing. It should be considered to strengthen the construction of oral health services.

Key words: first permanent molar, eruption rate, caries prevalence, pit and fissure sealing

梁珊珊, 孙菡翊, 张建军, 陈岩. 襄阳市樊城区儿童第一恒磨牙健康状况调查[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2025, 41(6): 511-516.

LIANG Shanshan, SUN Hanyi, ZHANG Jianjun, CHEN Yan. Health Status of Children’s First Permanent Molars in Fancheng District of Xiangyang City[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2025, 41(6): 511-516.

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