口腔医学研究

口腔医学研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 758-763.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.09.005

• 牙周病学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于CBCT分析牙周炎患者上颌窦黏膜增厚与牙源性因素的相关性

刘明1,2, 陈晓波2,3*, 林太伟2,4*   

  1. 1.厦门医学院附属口腔医院牙体牙髓病二科 福建 厦门 361000;
    2.厦门市口腔疾病诊疗重点实验室 福建 厦门 361000;
    3.厦门医学院附属口腔医院正畸一科 福建 厦门 361000;
    4.厦门医学院附属口腔医院口腔颌面影像科 福建 厦门 361000
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-25 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-09-22
  • 通讯作者: * 陈晓波,E-mail:zjykcxb@qq.com林太伟,E-mail:148410033@qq.com
  • 作者简介:刘明(1986~ ),女,武汉人,副主任医师,硕士,主要从事牙体牙髓病学临床诊疗。
  • 基金资助:
    福建省科技创新联合资金项目(编号:2024Y9680)

Correlation between Schneiderian Membrane Thickness and Odontogenic Factors in Patients with Periodontitis Based on CBCT Analysis

LIU Ming1,2, CHEN Xiaobo2,3*, LIN Taiwei2,4*   

  1. 1. Department of Endodontics Ⅱ, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361000, China;
    2. Xiamen Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen 361000, China;
    3. Department of Orthodontics Ⅰ, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361000, China;
    4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361000, China
  • Received:2026-02-25 Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-09-22

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摘要： 目的:利用锥形束计算机断层扫描(cone-beam computed tomography,CBCT)评估牙周炎患者上颌窦黏膜增厚的严重程度及其相关影响因素。方法:回顾性分析259例符合纳入标准的牙周炎患者CBCT影像资料,记录年龄、性别、上颌磨牙牙位、牙周骨丧失(periodontal bone loss,PBL)、牙根与上颌窦底毗邻关系及上颌窦黏膜厚度(mucosal thickness,MT)。将MT≥2 mm定义为病理性增厚,并按是否为重度增厚(＞10 mm)分组,采用χ2检验和多因素二元 Logistic 回归分析相关因素。结果:MT严重程度与年龄、性别、牙根与上颌窦底的毗邻关系及PBL显著相关(P＜0.05)。男性发生重度黏膜增厚(＞10 mm)的风险显著高于女性(OR=2.025,95%CI:1.038~3.951,P=0.038);PBL＞50%者的风险显著高于PBL≤50%者(OR=3.677,95%CI:1.543~8.763,P=0.003)。结论:性别与PBL为牙周炎患者发生重度上颌窦黏膜增厚的独立危险因素。提示严重的牙周破坏可能增加上颌窦黏膜病理性改变的风险,术前应重视CBCT评估。

关键词: 锥形束计算机断层扫描, 牙周炎, 上颌窦黏膜厚度, 牙周骨丧失

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate maxillary sinus mucosal thickening and its related factors in periodontitis patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on CBCT images of 259 periodontitis patients. Data recorded included age, sex, maxillary molar position, periodontal bone loss (PBL), relationship between tooth roots and the sinus floor, and mucosal thickness (MT). MT ≥2 mm was defined as pathological thickening. Patients were further grouped by severe thickening (>10 mm). Chi-square tests and multivariate binary logistic regression were used to analyze associated factors. Results: The severity of MT was significantly associated with age, sex, root-sinus proximity, and PBL (P<0.05). Males had a higher risk of severe membrane thickening than females (OR=2.025, 95%CI: 1.038~3.951, P=0.038). Patients with PBL>50% had significantly higher risk than those with PBL ≤50% (OR=3.677, 95%CI: 1.543~8.763, P=0.003). Conclusion: Sex and periodontal bone loss are independent risk factors for severe maxillary sinus mucosal thickening. Severe periodontal damage may increase the risk of sinus mucosal pathology, underscoring the value of CBCT evaluation before surgery.

Key words: cone-beam computed tomography, periodontitis, Schneiderian membrane thickening, periodontal bone loss