口腔医学研究

口腔医学研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 788-794.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.09.009

• 牙周病学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液菌群多样性及其与炎症因子水平的相关性

李垚1*, 刘帅2, 刘志芳1   

  1. 1.邯郸市口腔医院口腔科 河北 邯郸 056001;
    2.邯郸市中心医院口腔科 河北 邯郸 056008
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31 出版日期:2025-09-28 发布日期:2025-09-24
  • 通讯作者: * 李垚,E-mail:doctor_lzb@163.com
  • 作者简介:李垚(1983~ ),男,河北邯郸人,本科,主治医师,研究方向:慢性牙周炎。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目(编号:2024530)

Diversity of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Flora in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Its Correlation with Inflammatory Factors

LI Yao1*, LIU Shuai2, LIU Zhifang1   

  1. 1. Department of Stomatology, Handan Stomatological Hospital, Handan 056001, China;
    2. Department of Stomatology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056008, China
  • Received:2025-03-31 Online:2025-09-28 Published:2025-09-24

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摘要： 目的: 探讨慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液菌群多样性及其与炎症因子水平的相关性。方法: 纳入2024年1~10月在我院就诊的40例慢性牙周炎患者,按照疾病分期分为轻度组(Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期)和重度组(Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期),每组20例,另选取20例健康受试者作为健康对照组。采用16S核糖体脱氧核糖核酸(16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid,16S rDNA)高通量测序技术分析龈沟液和唾液菌群多样性,测定血清炎症因子水平,分析其与菌群多样性的相关性。结果: 在轻度与重度龈沟液样本中共有1450个操作分类单元(operational taxonomic units,OTUs),分别有379个和381个独有OTUs;唾液样本中共有1403个OTUs,分别有365个和379个独有。轻度与重度组龈沟液、唾液标本多个菌群菌门、菌种的相对丰度存在显著差异(P<0.05),但Chao1指数、Shannon指数两组间无显著差异(P>0.05);菌群的主要成分分析显示,轻度组与重度组在Bray-Curtis距离上的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液、唾液标本隐藏真杆菌属水平、马氏棒杆菌属水平相对丰度与白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6、IL-1分别呈正负相关(P<0.05),且龈沟液标本相关系数高于唾液。结论: 慢性牙周炎疾病严重程度与菌群群落结构组成变化有关,而与群落物种丰富度和均匀度变化无关;且慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液隐藏真杆菌属、马氏棒杆菌属水平相对丰度与血清炎症因子水平均密切相关。

关键词: 慢性牙周炎, 龈沟液, 菌群多样性, 炎症因子

Abstract: Objective: To explore the diversity of gingival crevicular fluid flora in patients with chronic periodontitis and its correlation with inflammatory factors. Methods: Forty patients with chronic periodontitis admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to October 2024 were divided into mild group (stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ) and severe group (stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ) according to the disease stages, with 20 patients in each group, and 20 healthy subjects were selected as healthy control group. 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technique was used to analyze the flora diversity of gingival crevicular fluid and saliva, and the level of serum inflammatory factors was determined to analyze the correlation between them and the flora diversity. Results: There were 1450 OTUs in mild and severe gingival crevicular fluid samples, with 379 and 381 unique OTUs, respectively. There are 1403 OTUs in saliva samples, of which 365 and 379 were unique. There was a significant difference in the relative abundance of multiple flora in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva samples between mild and severe groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in Chao1 index and Shannon index between the two groups (P>0.05). The analysis of the main components of the flora showed that the difference in the Bray-Curtis distance between the mild group and the severe group was statistically significant (P<0.05). The relative abundance of concealed Eubacterium and Corynebacterium in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva samples of patients with chronic periodontitis was positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-1, respectively (P<0.05), and the correlation coefficient of gingival crevicular fluid samples was higher than that of saliva. Conclusion: The severity of chronic periodontitis is related to the change of community structure, but not to the change of species richness and evenness. Moreover, the relative abundance of Bacteroides occulta and Corynebacterium martensii in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with chronic periodontitis is closely related to the level of serum inflammatory factors.

Key words: chronic periodontitis, gingival crevicular fluid, diversity of flora, inflammatory factor