复发性阿弗他溃疡患者就医行为特点及治疗现状的调查研究

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.01.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 探讨复发性阿弗他溃疡(recurrent aphthous ulcer,RAU)患者的就医行为特点及治疗现状,为优化RAU诊疗规范提供参考。方法: 对2023年5月~2025年1月期间就诊于联勤保障部队第九四〇医院口腔科的300例RAU患者进行现场调查,包括患者分型、首次就医行为及治疗状况。结果: RAU患者首次就医以基层医疗机构为主,且受居住地和RAU的ABC分型显著影响(P<0.0001)。治疗方式上,三甲专科医院通常根据ABC分型采用较为规范的治疗方案,而基层医疗机构治疗方式多样,并存在抗生素滥用风险。此外,ABC分型对治疗策略有显著影响(P=0.007)。结论: RAU患者就医行为受居住地和ABC分型影响明显,基层医疗机构在RAU诊疗中作用突出,但治疗规范化程度不足,抗生素使用不合理现象普遍。建议加强基层医疗机构RAU诊疗规范化培训,建立区域性转诊机制,以提升诊疗质量和患者用药安全。

关键词: 复发性阿弗他溃疡, ABC分型, 临床分型, 就医行为, 治疗状况

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the characteristics of healthcare-seeking behavior and treatment status of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU). Methods: A field survey was conducted on 300 RAU patients seeking medical care at the Department of Stomatology, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, from May 2023 to January 2025. The survey included patient classification, initial healthcare-seeking behavior, and treatment conditions. Results: The patients predominantly chose primary healthcare institutions for their first visit, and this choice was significantly influenced by their place of residence and ABC classification (P<0.0001). In terms of treatment approaches, top-tier specialty hospitals typically adopt more standardized treatment protocols based on RAU ABC classification, whereas primary healthcare institutions employ diverse treatment methods, with a risk of antibiotic misuse. Furthermore, the study revealed the significant impact of ABC classification on treatment strategies (P=0.007). Conclusion: The healthcare-seeking behavior of RAU patients is significantly influenced by residence and ABC classification. Primary healthcare institutions play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of RAU, but lack sufficient treatment standardization, with widespread inappropriate antibiotic use. It is recommended to strengthen standardized training on RAU diagnosis and treatment in primary healthcare institutions and establish a regional referral mechanism to improve treatment quality and patient medication safety.

Key words: recurrent aphthous ulcer, ABC classification, clinical classification, health care seeking behavior, treatment status

陈芳玉, 李健学, 杨彦伟. 复发性阿弗他溃疡患者就医行为特点及治疗现状的调查研究[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2026, 42(1): 53-58.

CHEN Fangyu, LI Jianxue, YANG Yanwei. Analysis of Healthcare Seeking and Treatment Status in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2026, 42(1): 53-58.

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