Effect of Sagittal Retraction of Mandibular Anterior Teeth on Periodontal Hard Tissue in Adult Orthodontics

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.12.011

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: Observe the changes of periodontal hard tissue in adult orthodontic patients with sagittal retraction of mandibular anterior teeth at different stages of orthodontic treatment, and to analyze the correlation between the change of labial and lingual inclination of mandibular anterior teeth and the incidence of labial bone dehiscence. Methods: Twenty adult patients with sagittal retraction of mandibular anterior teeth during orthodontic treatment were selected,imaging data were collected before orthodontic treatment (T0), 10 months of orthodontic treatment (T1), and 20 months of orthodontic treatment (T2).Imaging examination measured: (1) labial bone thickness (LBT) at 3mm, 5mm, and 7mm of the root of cemeto-enamel junction (CEJ); (2) Correlation analysis between intraoperative dehiscence (DEH) and the change of L1-mandibular plane (L1-MP). The data at the three time points were compared and analyzed to reveal the effect of sagittal retraction of mandibular anterior teeth on periodontal tissue. Results: Our imaging examination showed that during orthodontic treatment, LBT at 3 mm, 5 mm and 7 mm of CEJ root decreased first and then increased, where LBT was lower at T1 than at T0 (P<0.05), and higher at T2 than T1 (P<0.05), indicating that the amount of bone loss in the early stage of orthodontic treatment was significantly higher than that in the late stage.At T1, LBT at 3mm of CEJ root of central incisor decreased significantly (P<0.05), indicating that bone loss of central incisor root neck was the most significant in the early orthodontic treatment. At T0 and T2, the change of inclination was positively correlated with the incidence of labial bone dehiscence. The incidence of canine dehiscence was the highest during orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: (1) The early sagittal retraction of anterior teeth under adult orthodontics has a greater impact on periodontal hard tissue, which will lead to a decrease in the thickness of the labial alveolar bone and an increase in the incidence of bone dehiscence. (2) Periodontal tissue also has certain compensatory ability. In the later stage of the experiment, the thinned labial alveolar bone thickened. At the end of the observation period, by comparing various research indicators in different periods, it was proved that the compensatory ability of periodontal tissue was far from enough to make up for the damage caused by orthodontic treatment. (3) The bone loss of the mandibular central incisor at neck of roor is the largest during the sagittal retraction of mandibular anterior teeth in adult orthodontics, and the incidence of canine bone dehiscence is the highest. For these sites with high potential risks, periodontal real-time monitoring should be carried out to prevent and reduce the loss of periodontal tissue through root control and periodontal soft and hard tissue augmentation.

Key words: adult, orthodontics, mandibular anterior teeth, sagittal direction, periodontal hard tissue

YANG Shu, ZHAN Yu, REN Xuefeng, MA Yu, LIN Jian, ZHAO Pei, ZHANG Mingzhu. Effect of Sagittal Retraction of Mandibular Anterior Teeth on Periodontal Hard Tissue in Adult Orthodontics[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2024, 40(12): 1091-1097.

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