Abstract: Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment methods of impacted supernumerary teeth. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 296 patients with impacted supernumerary teeth who were hospitalized in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024, including their gender, age, number and location of supernumerary teeth, clinical manifestations, complications, and surgical methods on embedded teeth in maxillary anterior segment. Results: A total of 500 supernumerary teeth were found in 296 patients, with the highest incidence rate at the age of 6-12 years. The male to female ratio was 2.33∶1, and it increased with the number of supernumerary teeth. The highest number was single teeth (52.03%), followed by double teeth (38.51%), and rare occurrences of three or more teeth (9.46%). The most common location was in the maxillary anterior region (79.40%), followed by the premolar region (13.40%) and the molar region (7.20%). The most common clinical complications were delayed eruption and impaction of permanent teeth, and in a few cases, jaw cysts may also occur. The selection of labial approach for surgical incision accounted on embedded teeth in maxillary anterior segment for 23%, with gingival incision accounting for 83.3% and vestibular groove incision accounting for 16.7%. The palatal approach accounted for 77%, with gingival incision accounting for 93.6% and local small incision accounting for 6.4%. The surgical time ranged from 15 to 150 minutes, with an average of about 25 minutes. The average surgical duration for embedded supernumerary teeth located under the mucosa or adjacent to the crown of permanent teeth was (9.34±2.21) minutes, while for those deeply embedded in the bone or positioned adjacent to the root of permanent teeth, the average duration was (35.43±4.65) minutes. Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of embedded supernumerary teeth in this study exhibit distinct characteristics: the male-to-female ratio tends to increase with the number of supernumerary teeth involved. The location and number of supernumerary teeth may impact the surgical complexity.

Key words: supernumerary teeth, cone beam CT, clinical features, retrospective analysis