Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of demineralized human dentin matrix materials with different particle sizes on the vertical bone augmentation of rabbit skulls. Methods: Six New Zealand white rabbits were selected. Three 9mm circular fissures were prepared on each rabbit skull and a titanium container was fixed on top of them. The materials were implanted in the container. Group A was implanted with demineralized human dentin matrix with particle size at 0.25-0.5 mm. Group B was implanted with matrix with particle size at 0.5-1 mm. Group C was control group. CBCT examination and histological observation and analysis were performed 12 weeks after implantation. Results: CBCT results showed that three groups had obvious new bone formation. The new bone grew vertically from the basal bone. The demineralized human dentin matrix combined with rabbit skull stably, and the vertical bone height was maintained well. Histological observations showed that the interface between the matrix and bone had varying degrees of vascularization and new bone. There was no difference on the rate of new bone formation between group A and B (P>0.05). Conclusion: Demineralized human dentin matrix had good osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. The particle size has no significant effect on the vertical bone augmentation.

Key words: demineralized human dentin matrix, vertical bone augmentation, particle size