下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除后邻牙骨缺损研究进展

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.08.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 下颌第三磨牙是最常见的阻生牙,其发生率可高达64.5%。下颌第三磨牙通常会导致相邻牙齿的牙周组织受损。近年来,对于拔除阻生的下颌第三磨牙后,邻近牙齿的牙周愈合尤其是牙槽骨缺损的研究逐渐受到关注。研究发现,下颌阻生第三磨牙邻牙骨缺损受到多种因素的影响,包括患者的年龄、术前的牙周健康状况、下颌阻生第三磨牙的种类以及拔牙的方式等。对于下颌阻生第三磨牙周围牙齿骨质缺损的评估和术后干预方案有着多种形式,但现有方法和措施仍存在不足之处,亟需开展更多研究以获取更为准确的骨质缺损评估手段和清晰的修复标准。本文旨在总结有关下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除后,对邻近牙齿骨缺损的影响因素、评估手段及术后治疗方案等的研究进展。

关键词: 骨缺损, 下颌阻生第三磨牙, 下颌第二磨牙, 锥形束CT, 骨移植, 引导骨组织再生

Abstract: The third molar in the lower jaw is the most frequently impacted tooth, with an incidence reaching up to 64.5%. The lower third molar typically causes damage to the periodontal tissue of adjacent teeth. In recent years, research on the dental alveolar bone defects in adjacent teeth following the extraction of impacted lower third molars has gradually drawn attention. Studies have revealed that the alveolar bone defects in adjacent teeth after the extraction of impacted lower third molars are influenced by various factors, such as the patient's age, the periodontal health status before the operation, the type of impacted lower third molar, and the extraction method. There are numerous forms of assessment and postoperative intervention for the alveolar bone defects in adjacent teeth after the extraction of impacted lower third molars. However, the existing methods and measures still have deficiencies, and more research is required to obtain more accurate assessment methods for bone defects and clear restoration standards. This article aims to summarize the research progress regarding the influencing factors, assessment methods, and postoperative treatment plans for the alveolar bone defects in adjacent teeth after the extraction of impacted lower third molars.

Key words: bone defect, impacted third molar in the lower jaw, second molar in the lower jaw, cone beam CT, bone graft, guided bone regeneration

袁昊轩, 赵丽娟. 下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除后邻牙骨缺损研究进展[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2025, 41(8): 647-651.

YUAN Haoxuan, ZHAO Lijuan. Research Progress on Bone Defect of Adjacent Teeth after Mandibular Wisdom Tooth Extraction[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2025, 41(8): 647-651.

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