2型糖尿病患者睡眠质量与牙周炎的相关性研究

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.04.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的:探讨2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes,T2DM)患者睡眠质量与牙周状况的相关性。方法:选取 2021年3月~2022年1月就诊于南昌大学附属口腔医院牙周病科门诊的T2DM患者,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index, PSQI)量表评估睡眠质量,根据PSQI评分分为睡眠质量差组(Poor组,n=118)与健康对照组(Good组,n=127)。收集研究人群的一般资料、血液指标以及各项牙周指标。采用SPSS 27.0软件对数据进行分析,评估睡眠质量与牙周炎严重程度及牙周指标的关联性。结果:研究共纳入245例T2DM患者。Poor组与Good组在牙周炎严重程度比较有显著差异(P＜0.001)。Spearman偏相关分析结果显示,PSQI评分与临床附着丧失(clinical attachment loss, CAL)、探诊深度(probing depth, PD)、PD≥6 mm的位点百分比均呈正相关(P＜0.05)。多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,经潜在混杂因素调整后,与Good组相比,Poor组罹患Ⅲ/Ⅳ期牙周炎的风险更高(OR=3.171,95%CI:2.652~4.941,P＜0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示睡眠质量差与CAL存在显著关联(OR=0.714,95%CI:0.157~1.527,P＜0.05),但与PD无显著相关性。结论:本研究表明,T2DM患者睡眠质量差与牙周炎严重程度和牙周指标之间存在相关性,二者之间的具体关系及相关机制值得进一步探究。

关键词: 2型糖尿病, 牙周炎, 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数, 牙周附着丧失

Abstract: Objective: To explore the correlation between sleep quality and periodontal condition in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: T2DM patients in Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2021-January 2022 were selected. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to evaluate the sleep quality. According to the PSQI score, the patients were divided into the sleep group (Poor groups, n=118) and the healthy control group (Good group, n=127). The general information, blood indicators, and various periodontal indicators were collected. The data were analyzed using SPSS27.0 software to evaluate the correlation between sleep quality and severity of periodontitis as well as periodontal indicators. Results: A total of 245 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the study. There was a significant difference in the distribution of periodontitis severity between the Poor group and the Good group (P<0.001). The PSQI score was positively correlated with clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth (PD), and the percentage of sites with PD≥6 mm (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression showed that, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, the Poor group had a higher risk of developing stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ periodontitis (OR=3.171, 95%CI: 2.652-4.941, P<0.05), compared with the Good group. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that poor sleep quality was significantly associated with CAL (OR=0.714, 95%CI: 0.157-1.527, P<0.05), but not significantly associated with PD. Conclusion: There is a correlation between poor sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes and the severity of periodontitis as well as periodontal indicators. The specific relationship and related mechanisms are worthy of further exploration.

Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, periodontitis, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, attachment loss

程倩, 叶芳. 2型糖尿病患者睡眠质量与牙周炎的相关性研究[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2026, 42(4): 312-317.

CHENG Qian, YE Fang. Correlation between Sleep Quality and Periodontitis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2026, 42(4): 312-317.

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