Effects of Recombinant Human Transforming Growth Factor-β1 on Osteoblast Differentiation and ERK/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Orthodontic Tooth Movement Model of Rats

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.02.006

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of recombinant human transforming growth factor-β1 (rhTGF-β1) on ERK/MAPK signaling pathway and osteoblast differentiation in orthodontic tooth movement model of rats. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, rhTGF-β1 low dose group, rhTGF-β1 medium dose group, and rhTGF-β1 high dose group. Orthodontic tooth movement models of rats were established in model group, and rhTGF-β1 low, medium, and high dose groups. Each group was given drugs from the first day of modeling, the rhTGF-β1 (low, medium, and high) dose groups were injected with 0.1 mL of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 ng/mL rhTGF-β1 solution under the mesial gingival mucosa of bilateral maxillary first molars, respectively, and the control group was injected with 0.1 mL normal saline, once every 2 days for 14 days. The movement distance of the rat maxillary first molar was measured. The pathological morphology of periodontal and alveolar bone were observed in rats. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) were detected. The expressions of osteogenic related proteins [osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2)], and ERK/MAPK pathway related proteins in rat periodontal and alveolar bone tissues were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with those in the control group, the tensile fiber of periodontal tissue in the tension side of rat teeth in the model group was elongated, the tissue gap was widened, the matrix was proliferated, and the number osteoblasts decreased and almost disappeared, showing pathological damage, the movement distance of the maxillary first molar, serum TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL, p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK protein expression levels in periodontal and alveolar bone tissues were significantly increased, and serum OPG, expression levels of OCN, OPN, and Runx2 protein in periodontal and alveolar bone tissues were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with those in the model group, the pathological damage of periodontal and alveolar bone in the tension side of rats teeth in the rhTGF-β1 low, medium, and high dose groups was gradually reduced, serum TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL, p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK protein expression levels in periodontal and alveolar bone tissues were decreased in turn, the movement distance of the maxillary first molar, serum OPG, expression levels of OCN, OPN, and Runx2 protein in periodontal and alveolar bone tissues were significantly increased in turn (P<0.05), there was a dose-dependent relationship between the groups. Conclusion: rhTGF-β1 can reduce the inflammatory reaction of rat orthodontic tooth movement model, promote osteogenic differentiation, and accelerate orthodontic tooth movement, which may be related to inhibiting the activation of ERK/MAPK signal pathway.

Key words: recombinant human transforming growth factor-β1, orthodontic tooth movement model in rats, ERK/MAPK signal pathway, osteoblasts differentiation

LIN Weilong, WU Xiaopei, HE Weiwei, AN Feng. Effects of Recombinant Human Transforming Growth Factor-β1 on Osteoblast Differentiation and ERK/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Orthodontic Tooth Movement Model of Rats[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2023, 39(2): 118-123.

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