Abstract: Objective: To compare the restoration effect of a new deproteinized mineral bovine bone and Bio-oss bone in the bone defect around dental implant. Methods: The prospective clinical trial design was blinded, random, open, and parallel control. 180 patients were divided into two groups randomly. In the experimental group, 90 patientswere treated with a new deproteinized mineral bovine bone and Bio-gide. In the control group, 90 patients were treated with Bio-oss bone dust and Bio-gide. The patients were checked by CT at pre-operation, the day of surgery, and 6 months after surgery. The effective bone turnover rate was counted asthe ratio of cases equalorgreaterthan 80% of bone turnover rate to the total cases.It was used as the criteriato evaluate the effect of bone substitutes. Results: At postoperative 6 months, the bone conversion efficiency rate of test group was 85.39%, which was higher than that of control group (82.95%, P=0.0117). However, on the time of surgery, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: New deproteinized mineral bovine bone and Bio-oss bone dust have the same clinical effect on repairing alveolar bone defect around dental implant. Both of them have no side effect.