细胞骨架调控成牙本质细胞极化和牙本质形成的研究

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.10.004

口腔医学研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 845-852.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.10.004

细胞骨架调控成牙本质细胞极化和牙本质形成的研究

刘浩烽^1,2, 孙雅鹿^1,2, 谢元栋^2,3, 孙宏晨^2,3, 常蓓^1,2*

1.吉林大学口腔医院儿童口腔科吉林长春 130021;
2.吉林省牙发育及颌骨重塑与再生重点实验室吉林长春 130021;
3.吉林大学口腔医院口腔病理科吉林长春 130021

收稿日期:2026-01-07 发布日期:2026-10-23
通讯作者: * 常蓓,E-mail:bchang@jlu.edu.cn
作者简介:刘浩烽(1997~ ),女,山东烟台人,硕士在读,研究方向:牙发育生物学。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(编号:82470941,82101075);中国科学技术协会青年人才托举项目(编号:YESS20210407)

Regulation of Cytoskeleton on Odontoblast Polarization and Dentinogenesis

LIU Haofeng^1,2, SUN Yalu^1,2, XIE Yuandong^2,3, SUN Hongchen^2,3, CHANG Bei^1,2*

1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
2. Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Jawbone Remodeling and Regeneration, Changchun 130021, China;
3. Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China

Received:2026-01-07 Published:2026-10-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 通过多种研究模型验证并阐明细胞骨架在成牙本质细胞极性建立、细胞分化及牙本质形成中的调控作用,为牙本质再生策略提供生物学基础。方法: 在人牙髓干细胞(human dental pulp stem cells,hDPSCs)培养体系中加入细胞骨架抑制剂,采用碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)染色、实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-qPCR)、Western blot等方法检测细胞骨架对成牙向分化和极化相关因子的调控作用,并通过划痕实验及免疫荧光观察高尔基体位移等极性相关指标。同时,分离胚胎第14.5天(embryonic day 14.5,E14.5)胎鼠下颌,获取包含牙胚的组织切片进行体外气-液培养,采用苏木素-伊红(hematoxylin and eosin,HE)和免疫荧光染色观察抑制剂对牙胚形态/尺寸、成牙本质细胞形态/排列、极性蛋白定位及细胞骨架变化的影响。结果: 微丝和微管抑制剂均不同程度抑制了成牙向分化以及极化相关标志物的表达,划痕实验结果显示细胞迁移率和极化率降低。切片培养实验中,抑制剂处理组牙胚发育缓慢,成牙本质细胞丧失高柱状形态且排列紊乱,免疫荧光染色结果显示细胞骨架重排异常、极性相关蛋白表达位置改变、成牙本质细胞极化率下降。结论: 通过多种研究模型的检测证明细胞骨架重排影响成牙本质细胞分化和极化,是管状牙本质形成的关键调节因子。

关键词: 牙发育, 细胞骨架, 成牙本质细胞极化, 细胞分化, 器官切片培养

Abstract: Objective: To elucidate the role of cytoskeleton in odontoblast polarity, differentiation, and dentinogenesis. Methods: Cytoskeleton inhibitors were applied to human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Odontogenic differentiation- and polarization-related factors were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and western blot. Cell polarity indicators, including Golgi apparatus repositioning, were evaluated using scratch assays and immunofluorescence. In parallel, mandibular tooth germ-containing slices from embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) mice were cultured ex vivo at the air-liquid interface. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunofluorescence were used to assess tooth germ morphology and size, odontoblast morphology and arrangement, polarity protein localization, and cytoskeletal organization. Results: Both microfilament and microtubule inhibitors reduced the expression of odontogenic differentiation and polarization-related markers, accompanied by decreased cell migration and polarization. In the slice culture experiments, tooth germs in the inhibitor-treated group exhibited delayed development. Odontoblasts lost their characteristic tall columnar morphology and showed disorganized alignment. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed abnormal cytoskeletal remodeling, altered localization of polarity-related proteins, and a reduced rate of odontoblast polarization. Conclusion: Cytoskeletal remodeling affects odontoblast differentiation and polarization, which is a key regulatory factor in tubular dentin formation.

Key words: tooth development, cytoskeleton, odontoblast polarization, cell differentiation, organ slice culture

刘浩烽, 孙雅鹿, 谢元栋, 孙宏晨, 常蓓. 细胞骨架调控成牙本质细胞极化和牙本质形成的研究[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2026, 42(10): 845-852.

LIU Haofeng, SUN Yalu, XIE Yuandong, SUN Hongchen, CHANG Bei. Regulation of Cytoskeleton on Odontoblast Polarization and Dentinogenesis[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2026, 42(10): 845-852.

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细胞骨架调控成牙本质细胞极化和牙本质形成的研究

Regulation of Cytoskeleton on Odontoblast Polarization and Dentinogenesis

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