口腔医学研究

口腔医学研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 141-147.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.02.010

• 牙周病学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物信息方法筛选慢性牙周炎患者血浆差异表达基因及验证

陆青兰1, 陈丽2, 周广棋1, 李萧纹1, 梁好1, 梁灵铃1, 李晓捷1*   

  1. 1.广西医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院 广西 南宁 530000;
    2.柳州市中医医院口腔科 广西 柳州 545000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-11 发布日期:2026-02-28
  • 通讯作者: *李晓捷,E-mail: d52xiao@126.com
  • 作者简介:陆青兰(2001~ ),女,广西河池人,硕士,住院医师,研究方向:口腔修复和口腔种植学相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(编号:S2021084); 广西自然科学基金区域高发疾病研究联合专项(编号:2025GXNSFAA069603)

Screening and Verification of Plasma Differentially Expressed Genes in Chronic Periodontitis by Bioinformatics Method

LU Qinglan1, CHEN Li2, ZHOU Guangqi1, LI Xiaowen1, LIANG Hao1, LIANG Lingling1, LI Xiaojie1*   

  1. 1. College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, China;
    2. Department of Stomatology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Liuzhou 545000, China
  • Received:2025-08-11 Published:2026-02-28

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摘要： 目的: 借助生物信息学方法筛选慢性牙周炎患者血浆诊断标志物并探讨其可能的发病机制。方法: 在GEO(Gene Expression Omnibus)数据库下载慢性牙周炎患者血液表达谱数据,GEO2R分析获取差异表达基因,基因功能注释(gene ontology,GO)、京都基因和基因百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of gene and genome,KEGG)分析是否存在上调或下调通路。利用String数据库及Cytoscape软件寻找关键基因,纳入慢性牙周炎患者血浆28例、正常对照组31例,实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)检测关键基因表达水平,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic, ROC)评估关键基因对慢性牙周炎的诊断能力。结果: GO结果显示,差异表达基因主要聚集在线粒体能量代谢及氧化还原功能上;KEGG结果显示,差异表达基因主要富集在神经退行性疾病、代谢性疾病的病理过程。RT-PCR结果显示,在慢性牙周炎患者血浆中,线粒体编码细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅱ(mitochondrially encoded cytochrome C oxidase Ⅱ,MT-CO2)、线粒体编码细胞色素B(mitochondrially encoded cytochrome B,MT-CYB)基因表达上调,曲线下面积(area under the curve, AUC)分别为0.682、0.702,两者联合诊断AUC值为0.763。结论: 慢性牙周炎与线粒体功能障碍密切相关;血浆MT-CO2、MT-CYB基因对慢性牙周炎有一定诊断能力,有潜力成为诊断标志物。

关键词: 慢性牙周炎, 生物标志物, 线粒体功能障碍, 生物信息学

Abstract: Objective: To screen plasma diagnostic markers for chronic periodontitis and explore its potential pathogenesis using bioinformatics methods. Methods: Blood expression profile data of chronic periodontitis were downloaded from the GEO(Gene Expression Omnibus) database, and differentially expressed genes were obtained via GEO2R analysis. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to identify up-regulation or down-regulation pathways. Key genes were screened using the String database and Cytoscape software. A total of 28 plasma samples from patients with chronic periodontitis and 31 from normal controls were included. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of key genes, and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of these key genes for chronic periodontitis. Results: GO analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in mitochondrial energy metabolism and redox function, while KEGG analysis indicated that these genes were mainly involved in the pathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic diseases. RT-PCR results revealed that the expression levels of mitochondrially encoded cytochrome C oxidase Ⅱ (MT-CO2) and mitochondrially encoded cytochrome B (MT-CYB) were up-regulated in the plasma of patients with chronic periodontitis, with area under the curves (AUC) of 0.682 and 0.702, respectively. The AUC for their combined diagnosis value was 0.763. Conclusion: Chronic periodontitis is closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Plasma MT-CO2 and MT-CYB exhibit certain diagnostic value for chronic periodontitis and have the potential to serve as diagnostic markers.

Key words: chronic periodontitis, biomarkers, mitochondrial dysfunction, bioinformatics