Role of Purinergic Receptor P2X3 in Pain of Acute Dental Pulp Inflammation of Rat

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.01.005

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To verify the expression of purinergic receptor P2X3 at important sites in the peripheral and central nervous systems and its involvement in the regulation and integration of pain information during experimentally induced pulpitis. Methods: Acute pulpitis was induced by the pulp exposure and lipopolysaccharide application in Wistar rats. Animals in the SHAM group received the same anesthetic procedure without any other interventions. On the first and third postoperative days, face-grooming activity and the measurement of head retraction reflex thresholds were recorded to assess the pulpitis-induced pain in each group of rats. The rats were then euthanized to conduct the observational analysis of the trigeminal ganglion (TG), trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Ⅴc) of the brain stem, and ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) of the thalamus. Results: Histological evidence of severe pulp inflammation was observed on day 1 and 3 after tooth injury, and the pain-like behavior of animals showed a significant increase (P<0.05). For acute pulpitis, the upregulation of P2X3 in the ipsilateral TG was induced on the first and third postoperative days. P2X3 immunoreactivity in the left TG was significantly higher than that in the control and right side (P<0.05). In the bilateral trigeminal spinal nucleus, the expression of P2X3 was not changed on the first and third postoperative days compared with that in the SHAM group (P>0.05). In the right thalamus, the expression of P2X3 increased on the third postoperative day but showed no change on the first postoperative day compared with that in the SHAM group. In the left thalamus, the expression of P2X3 exhibited no change on the first and third postoperative days. Conclusion: P2X3 channels were significantly involved in injurious signal processing in the peripheral nervous system following acute pulp inflammation, but probably not involved at the brain stem level. The upregulation of P2X3 expression in the Ⅴc of the brain stem was not induced by pulpitis. However, the expression of P2X3 increased in the VPM of the right thalamus. Further studies are needed to identify additional transducers mediating signaling from the pulp afferent nerve to the center.

Key words: oral and maxillofacial region, pain, purinergic receptor

CHEN Yangxi, HU Jun, HUANG Lili, KANG Yiqun, WANG Li. Role of Purinergic Receptor P2X3 in Pain of Acute Dental Pulp Inflammation of Rat[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2023, 39(1): 24-31.

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