Imaging Study on Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Premolars in Xinjiang Region Population

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.09.004

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the number of roots, root canal distribution, and root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Xinjiang Region Population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of patients who went to the Stomatological Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2021 to August 2024 for treatment purposes were evaluated. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. Based on Vertucci's root canal classification, the images were initially analyzed and then grouped by age, gender, and bilateral tooth position to assess their effects on root canal morphology. Results: A total of 2,247 patients [1,386 females (61.68%) and 861 males (38.32%)] were included. Among the mandibular first premolars and second premolars in this population, single-root prevalence was 97.42% and 99.67%, respectively, while the incidence of dual roots was 2.34% and 0.20%. C-shaped roots were observed in 0.22% and 0.11% of cases, respectively. The mandibular first premolar exhibited a higher prevalence of dual roots than the second premolar (χ²=81.881, P<0.001), with no significant differences in bilateral dual-root occurrences. The root canal configuration was predominantly Type Ⅰ, occurring in 90.48% of first premolars and 98.53% of second premolars. Multi-rooted canals were most commonly Type Ⅴ in both premolars, with prevalence rates of 5.41% (first premolar) and 0.62% (second premolar). The multi-rooted canal rate was significantly higher in first premolars than in second premolars (χ²=280.700, P<0.001). No statistically significant differences in root canal configurations were observed across age groups. The second premolar showed higher symmetry than the first premolar (χ²=53.822, P<0.001). Gender-based comparisons revealed significant differences in multi-rooted canal rates for first premolars (χ²=8.613, P<0.05) but not for second premolars (χ²=0.336, P=0.562). Conclusion: In Xinjiang region population, mandibular premolars exhibited varying degrees of multi-rooted canals, with the first premolar demonstrating more complex root canal morphology compared to the second premolar.

Key words: cone beam computed tomography, mandibular premolars, Vertucci root canal classification, root canal morphology

Maliyamuguli·PATAER, Aerman·ABULIZI, YU Tiantian, Sakendeke·JUMATAI, ZHAO Jin. Imaging Study on Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Premolars in Xinjiang Region Population[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2025, 41(9): 755-760.

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