Clinical Application of Platform Switching Technology in Oral Implant

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.12.002

Abstract

Abstract: Platform switching technology refers to the method that a smaller diameter abutment is connected to the implant to allow the implant-abutment combination to move inward toward the central axis of the implant in the process of implant restoration. Many case reports and clinical studies have shown that the platform switching technique reduced the marginal bone loss around implants, and played a positive role in improving peri-implant stress distribution, restoring biological width, and building healthy soft tissue morphology. This article reviews the clinical application of platform switching technology in implant restoration.

Key words: platform switching, dental implantation, marginal bone level, dental abutments, bone resorption

ZHANG Ni, MENG Weiyan. Clinical Application of Platform Switching Technology in Oral Implant[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2023, 39(12): 1037-1041.

References

[1] Lazzara RJ, Porter SS. Platform switching: A new concept in implant dentistry for controlling postrestorative crestal bone levels [J]. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2006, 26(1): 9-17.
[2] Zheng Z, Ao X, Xie P, et al. The biological width around implant [J]. J Prosthodont Res, 2021, 65(1): 11-18.
[3] Kato T, Nakano T, Fujita Y, et al. Influence of different implant operative procedures on morphologic changes in peri-implant alveolar bone and soft tissue: a one-year prospective clinical study [J]. J Prosthodont Res, 2018, 62(4): 490-496.
[4] Kim YT, Lim GH, Lee JH, et al. Marginal bone level changes in association with different vertical implant positions: a 3-year retrospective study [J]. J Periodontal Implant Sci, 2017, 47(4): 231-239.
[5] Juan-Montesinos A, Agustín-Panadero R, Solá-Ruiz MF, et al. Comparative study by systematic review and meta-analysis of the peri-implant effect of two types of platforms: Platform-switching versus conventional platforms [J]. J Clin Med, 2022, 11(6): 1743.
[6] Ellakany P, Mahrous AA, Al Eraky DM, et al. Evaluation of bacterial leakage in platform-switching dental implant with morse taper connection under thermocycling and loading effects: In vitro study [J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 2021, 36(1): 68-74.
[7] Macedo JP, Pereira J, Vahey BR, et al. Morse taper dental implants and platform switching: The new paradigm in oral implantology [J]. Eur J Dent, 2016, 10(1): 148-154.
[8] Fernandes PF, Grenho L, Fernandes MH, et al. Microgap and microleakage of a hybrid connection platform-switched implant system in the absence or presence of a silicone-based sealing agent [J]. Odontology, 2022, 110(2): 231-239.
[9] Álvarez-Arenal Á, Segura-Mori L, Gonzalez-Gonzalez I, et al. Stress distribution in the transitional peri-implant bone in a single implant-supported prosthesis with platform-switching under different angulated loads [J]. Odontology, 2017, 105(1): 68-75.
[10] Dinc MM, Turkoglu P, Selvi F. Biomechanical evaluation of stress distributions at the implant-abutment complex and peri-implant bone around mandibular dental implants with different neck geometries and inclinations [J]. Proc Inst Mech Eng H, 2021, 235(9):1035-1045.
[11] 杨凯文,刘艾芃,王晓华,等.平台转换种植体肩台成骨对牙槽骨边缘应力的影响[J].右江民族医学院学报,2020,42(3):303-307.
[12] Gehrke SA, Dedavid BA, Prados-Frutos JC. Effects of different switched or not-switched implant and abutment platform designs and marginal bone loss on fracture strength: An in vitro study [J]. J Prosthet Dent, 2022, 128(1): 55-62.
[13] Mishra SK, Gaddale R, Sonnahalli NK, et al. Platform-switching concept in dental implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with a minimum follow-up of 3 years [J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 2021, 36(5): E97-E109.
[14] Lin HK, Lin JC, Pan YH, et al. Peri-implant marginal bone changes around dental implants with platform-switched and platform-matched abutments:A retrospective 5-year radiographic evaluation [J]. J Pers Med, 2022, 12(8):1226.
[15] Kocak-Oztug NA, Adem-Siyli GZ, Abishev O, et al. Analysis of biomarkers and marginal bone loss in platform-switched and nonplatform-switched implants: A randomized clinical trial [J]. Biomed Res Int, 2022, 2022: 2603287.
[16] Sanz-Esporrin J, Carral C, Blanco J, et al. Differences in the progression of experimental peri-implantitis depending on the implant to abutment connection [J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2021, 25(6): 3577-3587.
[17] Di Gianfilippo R, Valente NA, Toti P, et al. Influence of implant mucosal thickness on early bone loss: a systematic review with meta-analysis [J]. J Periodontal Implant Sci, 2020, 50(4): 209-225.
[18] Farronato D, Manfredini M, Farronato M, et al. Behavior of soft tissue around platform-switched implants and non-platform-switched implants: A comparative three-year clinical study [J]. J Clin Med, 2021, 10(13):2955.
[19] Saito H, Chu SJ, Zamzok J, et al. Flapless postextraction socket implant placement: The effects of a platform switch-designed implant on peri-implant soft tissue thickness-A prospective study [J]. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2018, 38(Suppl): s9-s15.
[20] Lambrechts T, Doornewaard R, De Bruyckere T, et al. A multicenter cohort study on the association of the one-abutment one-time concept with marginal bone loss around bone level implants [J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2021, 32(2): 192-202.
[21] Wang QQ, Dai R, Cao CY, et al. One-time versus repeated abutment connection for platform-switched implant: A systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. PLoS One, 2017, 12(10):e0186385.
[22] Ríos-Santos JV, Tello-González G, Lázaro-Calvo P, et al. One abutment one time: A multicenter, prospective, controlled, randomized study [J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(24): 9453.
[23] Salama AA, Katamesh HA, El Mahallawi O, et al. The effect of platform-switching implants and different abutment materials on the stress distribution of implant-supported restorations [J]. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2020, 40(2): 285-291.
[24] Truninger TC, Stawarczyk B, Leutert CR, et al. Bending moments of zirconia and titanium abutments with internal and external implant-abutment connections after aging and chewing simulation [J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2012, 23(1): 12-18.
[25] Leutert CR, Stawarczyk B, Truninger TC, et al. Bending moments and types of failure of zirconia and titanium abutments with internal implant-abutment connections: A laboratory study [J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 2012, 27(3): 505-512.
[26] Schwarz F, Messias A, Sanz-Sanchez I, et al. Influence of implant neck and abutment characteristics on peri-implant tissue health and stability. Oral reconstruction foundation consensus report [J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2019, 30(6): 588-593.
[27] Serichetaphongse P, Chengprapakorn W, Thongmeearkom S, et al. Immunohistochemical assessment of the peri-implant soft tissue around different abutment materials: A human study [J]. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res, 2020, 22(5): 638-646.
[28] Terzi M, Guvercin Y, Ates SM, et al. Effect of different abutment materials on stress distribution in peripheral bone and dental implant system [J]. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 2020, 38(3): 1495-1507.
[29] Spinato S, Galindo-Moreno P, Bernardello F, et al. Minimum abutment height to eliminate bone loss: Influence of implant neck design and platform switching [J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 2018, 33(2): 405-411.
[30] Spinato S, Stacchi C, Lombardi T, et al. Biological width establishment around dental implants is influenced by abutment height irrespective of vertical mucosal thickness: A cluster randomized controlled trial [J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2019, 30(7): 649-659.
[31] Pico A, Martin-Lancharro P, Caneiro L, et al. Influence of abutment height and implant depth position on interproximal peri-implant bone in sites with thin mucosa: A 1-year randomized clinical trial [J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2019, 30(7): 595-602.
[32] Blanco J, Pico A, Caneiro L, et al. Effect of abutment height on interproximal implant bone level in the early healing: A randomized clinical trial [J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2018, 29(1): 108-117.
[33] Aimetti M, Ferrarotti F, Mariani GM, et al. Soft tissue and crestal bone changes around implants with platform-switched abutments placed nonsubmerged at subcrestal position: A 2-year clinical and radiographic evaluation [J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 2015, 30(6): 1369-1377.
[34] Linkevicius T, Puisys A, Linkevicius R, et al. The influence of submerged healing abutment or subcrestal implant placement on soft tissue thickness and crestal bone stability. A 2-year randomized clinical trial [J]. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res, 2020, 22(4): 497-506.
[35] Tymstra N, Meijer HJ, Stellingsma K, et al. Treatment outcome and patient satisfaction with two adjacent implant-supported restorations in the esthetic zone [J]. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2010, 30(3): 307-316.
[36] Vela X, Mendez V, Rodriguez X, et al. Crestal bone changes on platform-switched implants and adjacent teeth when the tooth-implant distance is less than 1.5 mm [J]. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2012, 32(2): 149-156.
[37] Koutouzis T, Neiva R, Lipton D, et al. The effect of interimplant distance on peri-implant bone and soft tissue dimensional changes: A nonrandomized, prospective, 2-year follow-up study [J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 2015, 30(4): 900-908.
[38] Rivara F, Macaluso GM, Toffoli A, et al. The effect of a 2-mm inter-implant distance on esthetic outcomes in immediately non-occlusally loaded platform shifted implants in healed ridges: 12-month results of a randomized clinical trial [J]. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res, 2020, 22(4): 486-496.