Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of fabrication technique, cement type, and cementation procedure on rentention of cast metal post and core. Methods: Eighty intact single-rooted mandibular human premolars were selected. The clinical crown was removed at 2mm above the cementoenamel junction level. Each root was prepared to receive a cast metal post and core of 10mm in length and 1.5mm in diameter. Eighty specimens were divided into two groups according to fabrication technique (direct=40 and indirect=40). Each group was further subdivided into four groups according to the cementation type (zinc phosphate and glass ionomer), and cementation procedure (with and without lentulo spiral). All specimens were stored in physiological saline bath at 23℃ for 24 hours. Then the dowels were subjected to a constantly increasing tensile force in a universal Instron testing machine at crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min until failure. Results: Cementation with lentulo spiral showed greater retentive force than that without lentulo spiral (P<0.05). Fabrication technique showed no significant effect on retentive force (P>0.05). The group cemented with zinc phosphate produced greater retentive force than that of the glass ionomer group. However, there was a close interaction among fabrication technique, cementation procedure and cement type (P<0.05). Conclusion: Fabrication technique does not affect the retentive force of cast metal post and core. Zinc phosphate cement was better than glass ionomer cement. The cementation procedure had a significant effect on retention. Thus, it is recommended that the lentulo spiral should be used in the cementation procedure.