口腔医学研究

口腔医学研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 155-160.DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.02.012

• 口腔种植学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

下颌第一磨牙单冠种植义齿邻接关系改变对种植体周软硬组织健康影响的回顾性研究

罗昕1,2, 刘红红1,2*, 张志宏1,2, 陈佳1,2, 朱东澳1,2, 俞梦琴1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)口腔医学中心 安徽 合肥 230000;
    2.蚌埠医科大学口腔医学院 安徽 蚌埠 233000
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-16 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-02-26
  • 通讯作者: *刘红红,E-mail:66302784@qq.com
  • 作者简介:罗昕(1996~),女,安徽滁州人,硕士在读,研究方向:口腔种植修复。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省重点研究与开发计划(编号:2023s07020006)

Retrospective Study on Impact of Interproximal Contact Changes of Single Crown Implants in Mandibular First Molars on Peri-implant Soft and Bone Tissues Health

LUO Xin1,2, LIU Honghong1,2*, ZHANG Zhihong1,2, CHEN Jia1,2, ZHU Dongao1,2, YU Mengqin1,2   

  1. 1. Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230000, China;
    2. College of Stomatology,Bengbu Medical University,Bengbu 233000,China
  • Received:2024-08-16 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-02-26

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摘要： 目的: 观察下颌第一磨牙种植支持的单冠修复体负载1年后邻接关系的变化,分析邻接关系改变对种植体周围软硬组织健康及患者满意度的影响。方法: 选择2022年4月~2023年8月就诊于中国科学技术大学附属第一医院口腔医学中心并已完成种植修复的48例患者,共计54枚种植体。使用同一款牙线评估种植牙冠近远中邻接关系,根据牙线通过邻接区的松紧程度记录结果,分别记为:紧密邻接、松邻接、无邻接。在负载6个月、12个月后复诊,记录当下邻接关系及种植体周牙周探诊深度、菌斑指数、牙龈指数;12个月后拍摄锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)测量种植体周围骨吸收量,同时对每位患者进行问卷调查。应用SPSS 27.0软件对数据进行统计分析,比较3种不同邻接关系样本之间的差异。结果: 负载6个月、12个月后依次有35.2%、44.6%邻接关系发生改变;6个月、12个月后松邻接组菌斑指数、牙龈指数明显高于紧密邻接组(P＜0.05);12个月后无邻接组与紧密邻接组牙周探诊深度差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与基线期相比,6个月、12个月后牙龈指数差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其余各参数组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);3组不同邻接关系对种植体周围骨吸收无显著差异(P＞0.05)。邻接关系发生改变的患者与紧密邻接的患者相比更容易出现食物嵌塞,并且因食物嵌塞困扰,从而影响对修复效果的满意度(P＜0.05)。结论: 下颌第一磨牙种植义齿邻接关系改变会增加食物嵌塞的风险,影响患者满意度;对种植体周软组织健康会造成一定影响,但对种植体周围骨吸收未见明显影响。

关键词: 种植义齿, 邻接关系, 骨吸收, 满意度

Abstract: Objective: To observe the changes in interproximal contact of single crown implant in mandibular first molar after one year of loading, and to analyze the impact of these changes on the health of peri-implant soft and bone tissues and patient satisfaction. Methods: A total of 48 patients with 54 implants, who completed implant restoration at the Oral Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China from April 2022 to August 2023 were selected. Dental floss was used to evaluate the proximal and distal interproximal contact relationship of dental crowns. The results were recorded as: tight contact, loose contact, or no contact. Follow-up visits were conducted at 6 and 12 months post-loading to record the current interproximal contact and peri-implant probing depth, plaque index, and gingival index. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed at 12 months to measure peri-implant bone resorption, and a simple questionnaire survey was conducted for each patient. Results: Changes in interproximal contact were observed in 35.2% and 44.6% of cases at 6 and 12 months post-loading, respectively. The plaque index and gingival index in the loose contact group were significantly higher than those in the tight contact group at 6 months and 12 months (P<0.05). At 12 months, the probing depth in the no contact group was statistically significantly different from that in the tight contact group (P<0.05). Compared with the baseline period, there was a statistically significant difference in gingival index after 6 months and 12 months (P<0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference in other parameter groups (P>0.05).There was no significant difference in bone resorption around the implants among the three groups (P>0.05). Patients with changes in proximal contact were more likely to experience food impaction, which affected their satisfaction with the restoration outcome (P<0.05). Conclusion: Changes in the interproximal contact of mandibular first molars implant crowns increase the risk of food impaction and affect patient satisfaction. These changes also have some impact on the health of peri-implant soft tissues but do not show a significant impact on peri-implant bone resorption.

Key words: implant dentures, proximal contact, bone resorption, satisfaction