口腔致病菌与阿尔茨海默症的关系

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来,细菌感染被认为可能是阿尔茨海默症的发病机制之一^[1],同时龋病、牙周病等细菌感染性口腔疾病和阿尔茨海默症的发病机制均涉及多种炎症介质参与的炎症反应,这提示我们口腔致病菌可能参与了阿尔茨海默症的病理过程。本文就口腔致病菌与阿尔茨海默症的关系作一综述。

关键词: 口腔致病菌, 阿尔茨海默症, 感染, 龋病, 牙周病

Abstract: In recent years, bacterial infection is considered to be one of the mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. Oral diseases, such as caries disease and periodontal disease, and Alzheimer's disease are involved in a variety of inflammatory mediators which are involved in inflammation. This suggests that oral pathogens may participate in the pathological process of Alzheimer's disease. This paper reviews the relationship between oral pathogens and Alzheimer's disease.

Key words: Oral pathogens, Alzheimer's disease, Infection, Caries disease, Periodontal disease

宗雅文, 王霏斐, 李彪, 刘斌. 口腔致病菌与阿尔茨海默症的关系[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2018, 34(6): 588-590.

ZONG Ya-wen,WANG Fei-fei,LI Biao,LIU Bin. Research on the Relationship between Oral Pathogens and Alzheimer's Disease[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2018, 34(6): 588-590.

参考文献

[1] Mawanda F, Wallace R.Can infections cause Alzheimer's disease [J]. Epidemiol Rev,2013,35(1):161-180
[2] Bowery NG,Bagetta G,Nisticó G,et al.Intrahippocampal tetanus toxin produces generalized convulsions and neurodegeneration in rats: antagonism by NMDA receptor blockers [J]. Epilepsy Res Suppl,1992,9(1):249-256
[3] Prince M,Comas-Herrera A,Knapp M,et al.World Alzheimer report 2016:improving healthcare for people living with dementia coverage, quality and costs now and in the future [R]. The Global Observatory for Ageing and Dementia Care,King’s College London,UK,2016
[4] Serý O,Povová J,Míšek I,et al.Molecular mechanisms of neuropathological changes in Alzheimer's disease: a review [J]. Folia Neuropathol,2013,51(1):1-9
[5] 周建军.Alzheimer病转基因模型研究进展[J].医学综述,2003,9(12):749-751
[6] Johnson GV,Jenkins SM. Tau protein in normal and Alzheimer's disease brain [J]. J Alzheimers Dis,1999,1(4-5):307-328
[7] Khatoon S,Grundke-Iqbal I,Iqbal K.Brain levels of microtubule-associated protein tau are elevated in Alzheimer disease:a radioimmuno-slot-blot assay for nanograms of the protein [J]. J Neurochem,1992,59(2):750-753
[8] Turenne GA,Price BD.Glycogen synthase kinase3 beta phosphorylatesserine33 of p53 and activatesp53’s transcriptional activity [J]. BMC Cell Biol,2001,2(1):12
[9] Michelucci A,Heurtau T,Grandbarbe L,et al.Characterization of the microglia phenotype underspecific pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory conditions:Effects of oligomeric and fibrillar amyloid-beta [J]. J Neuroimmunol,2009,210(1-2):3-12
[10] Suridjan I, Pollock BG, Verhoeff NP,et al.In-vivo imaging of grey and white matter neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease: a positron emission tomography study with a novel radioligand,[¹⁸F]-FEPPA [J]. Mol Psychiatryry,2015,20(12):1579-1587
[11] Olsen I.Update on bacteraemia related to dental procedures [J]. Transfus Apher Sci,2008,39(2):173-178
[12] Tomás I,Diz P,Tobias A,et al.Periodontal health status and bacteraemia from daily oral activities: systematic review/meta-analysis [J]. J Clin Periodontol,2012,39(3):213-228
[13] Shoemark DK,Allen SJ.The microbiome and disease: reviewing the links between the oral microbiome,aging and Alzheimer's disease [J]. J Alzheimers Dis,2015,43(3):725-738
[14] Bell RD,Winkler EA,Singh I,et al.Apolipoprotein E controls cerebrovascular integrity via cyclophilin A [J]. Nature,2012,485(7399):512-516
[15] Oldfield BJ,Mckinley MJ.Circumventricular organs.Paxinos G.The rat nervous system [M]. New York:Academic Press,1995:391-403
[16] Fry M,Ferguson AV.The sensory circumventricular organs: brain targets for circulating signals controlling ingestive behavior [J]. Physiol Behav,2007,91(4):413-423
[17] Poole S,Singhrao SK,Kesavalu L,et al.Determining the presence of periodontopathic virulence factors in short-term postmortem Alzheimer's disease brain tissue [J]. J Alzheimers Dis,2013,36(4):665-677
[18] Perna E,Liguori R,Petrone G,et al.Actinomycotic granuloma of the Gasserian ganglion with primary site in a dental root. Case report [J]. J Neurosurg,1981,54(4):533-535
[19] Mann DM,Tucker CM,Yates PO. Alzheimer's disease: an olfactory connection [J]. Mech Ageing Dev,1988,42(1):1-15
[20] Singhrao SK,Harding A,Simmons T,et al.Oral inflammation, tooth loss, risk factors, and association with progression of Alzheimer's disease [J]. J Alzheimers Dis,2014,42(3):723-737
[21] Danielyan L,Schäfer R,von Ameln-Mayerhofer A,et al.Intranasal delivery of cells to the brain [J]. Eur J Cell Biol,2009,88(6):315-324
[22] Johnson NJ,Hanson LR,Frey WH.Trigeminal pathways deliver a low molecular weight drug from the nose to the brain and orofacial structures [J]. Mol Pharm,2010,7(3):884-893
[23] Miklossy J.Alzheimer's disease-a neurospirochetosis. Analysis of the evidence following Koch's and Hill's criteria [J]. J Neuroinflammation,2011,8(1):90
[24] Miklossy J. Emerging roles of pathogens in Alzheimer disease [J]. Expert Rev Mol Med,2011,13(101):e30
[25] Leung JY,Chapman JA,Harris JA, et al. Olfactory ensheathing cells are attracted to, and can endocytose, bacteria [J]. Cell Mol Life Sci,2008,65(17):2732-2739
[26] Singhrao SK,Harding A,Chukkapalli S,et al.Apolipoprotein E related co-morbidities and Alzheimer's disease [J]. J Alzheimers Dis,2016,51(4):935-948
[27] Takeuchi K,Ohara T,Furuta M,et al.Tooth loss and risk of dementia in the community: the hisayama study [J]. J Am Geriatr Soc,2017,65(5):e95-e100
[28] Nakano K,Hokamura K,Taniguchi N,et al.The collagen-binding protein of Streptococcus mutans is involved in haemorrhagic stroke [J]. Nat Commun,2011,2(1):485
[29] 林铮,徐磊,李惠春,等.阿尔茨海默病患者血浆基质金属蛋白酶-3水平的对照研究[J].中华精神科杂志,2006,39(4):209-211
[30] Yoshiyama Y,Asahina M,Hattori T. Selective distribution of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in Alzheimer’s disease brain [J]. Acta Neuropathol,2000,99(2):91-95
[31] 智孔亮,辛娜,曹志红,等.细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子与阿尔茨海默病γ-分泌酶的相关性研究[J].国际神经病学神经外科学杂志,2015,42(3):244-247
[32] Poliakova T,Levin O,Arablinskiy A,et al.Cerebral microbleeds in early Alzheimer's disease [J]. J Neurol,2016,263(10):1961-1968
[33] Poole S,Singhrao SK,Chukkapalli S,et al.Active invasion of an oral bacterium and infection-induced complement activation in ApoEnull mice brains [J]. J Alzheimers Dis,2015,43(1):67-80
[34] Riviere GR,Riviere KH,Smith KS.Molecular and immunological evidence of oral Treponema in the human brain and their association with Alzheimer's disease [J]. Oral Microbiol Immunol,2002,17(2):113-118
[35] Branton WG,Ellestad KK,Maingat F,et al.Brain microbial populations in HIV/AIDS: α-proteobacteria predominate independent of host immune status [J]. PLoS One,2013,8(1):e54673
[36] Noble JM,Borrell LN,Papapanou PN,et al.Periodontitis is associated with cognitive impairment among older adults: analysis of NHANES-Ⅲ [J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2009,80(11):1206-1211
[37] 冯新为,张革.细菌及其代谢产物在神经系统疾病作用的研究进展[J].中国现代神经疾病杂志,2015,15(2):165-168
[38] Kocgozlu L,Elkaim R,Tenenbaum H,et al.Variable cell responses to P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide [J]. J Dent Res,2009,88(8):741-745