Effect of Fumaric Acid on Alveolar Bone Loss in Mice with Experimental Periodontitis

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.12.005

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on alveolar bone loss in mice with experimental periodontitis induced by ligation. Methods: The groups were as follows: normal mice + solvent group, normal mice were intragastric administrated with 0.8% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) every two days; mice with periodontitis + CMC group, periodontal ligation was performed on the mice, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected into the gingival sulcus every two days, and the mice were intragastrically administered with 0.8% CMC; mice with periodontitis + DMF group, periodontal ligation was carried out on the mice, LPS was injected into the gingival sulcus every two days, and the mice were intragastrically administered with 50 mg/kg DMF suspension. The treatments in the latter two groups were lasted for 2 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the left maxilla of three groups of mice was taken for immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and the sections were observed under a microscope. The expression levels of IL-1β in peripheral blood and spleen were detected by ELISA. Micro-CT was used to scan the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest (CEJ-ABC), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular separation (Tb. Sp), and trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) to evaluate alveolar bone loss. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining were used to assess tissue inflammatory response, bone resorption, and osteoclast activity. Results: After DMF intervention, the CEJ-ABC and Tb. Sp of periodontitis mice increased and decreased respectively compared with those in the periodontitis group, while the Tb. Th and BV/TV increased compared with the periodontitis group. The level of IL-1β in peripheral blood and spleen were lower than those in the periodontitis group, the percentage of inflammatory cell infiltration decreased, and the activity and percentage of osteoclasts decreased. Conclusion: DMF can reduce alveolar bone loss in mice with experimental periodontitis.

Key words: dimethyl fumarate, periodontitis, IL-1β, loss of alveolar bone

ZHANG Yuxin, WEI Zhuang, XU Yuxuan, CAI Ming, CHANG Zhimin, LIU Yan. Effect of Fumaric Acid on Alveolar Bone Loss in Mice with Experimental Periodontitis[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2025, 41(12): 1044-1049.

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