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28 August 2026, Volume 42 Issue 8 Previous Issue   

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Research Progress on Resolvin D1 in Field of Bone Defect Repair LINGHU Changfeng, TANG Zhenglong 2026, 42(8): 639-643.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.001 Abstract ( 69 )   PDF (1502KB) ( 39 )   Bone defects resulting from trauma, infection, or congenital factors present significant challenges in clinical treatment, as their repair involves complex inflammatory and regenerative regulation. Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) are a class of endogenous lipid mediators that actively promote inflammation resolution and tissue repair. Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an SPM derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, plays a crucial role in regulating inflammatory responses and promoting tissue regeneration. This review focuses on the biological characteristics and mechanisms of RvD1, its application in the repair of oral and maxillofacial bone defects, and its prospects and challenges, aiming to provide new insights for optimizing bone repair therapeutic strategies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Advances in Skeletal Class Ⅲ Mandibular Deviation Deformity LIU Baoyu, DU Pinggong 2026, 42(8): 644-650.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.002 Abstract ( 57 )   PDF (1728KB) ( 32 )   With the growing societal emphasis on facial aesthetics, there has a significant increase of patients seeking treatment for facial asymmetry. Skeletal class Ⅲ mandibular deviation, a common yet complex dentofacial deformity, not only compromises facial appearance but also impairs oral function and may contribute to psychological health issues. This condition is characterized by multifactorial etiology and diverse clinical manifestations, primarily including facial midline deviation, soft tissue asymmetry, abnormal bony landmarks, and compensatory dental changes. The establishment of a classification system based on comprehensive craniofacial characteristics is essential for accurate diagnosis, personalized treatment planning, and effective surgical intervention. This article systematically reviews recent advances in the etiology, classification methods, and clinical and imaging features for skeletal class Ⅲ mandibular deviation, aiming to provide a comprehensive reference for clinical diagnosis and management. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Photodynamic Therapy in Field of Oral Tumor RAO Qisheng, ZHANG Guoquan 2026, 42(8): 651-655.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.003 Abstract ( 52 )   PDF (997KB) ( 30 )   Photodynamic therapy (PDT), an emerging minimally invasive treatment, has shown significant potential in the treatment of oral precancerous lesions (OPMDs) and early oral cancer. Photosensitizers produce reactive oxygen species in tissues after activation, selectively inducing abnormal cell apoptosis and necrosis. Compared with traditional surgical resection, PDT has the advantages of minimally invasive, less side effects, high tissue selectivity, reducing scar formation, and preserving oral function. PDT has been well applied in the treatment of OPMDs. The current research focus has shifted to the field of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In particular, the emerging combination strategies of PDT and emerging therapies such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and nanotechnology in recent years have shown great therapeutic potential. This review systematically elaborates the principle, mechanism, and application status of PDT in OPMDs and OSCC patients in recent years. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Improve Schwann Cells Functions in Inflammatory Microenvironment XIE Xiaoqi, LI Yanping, LIU Huimei, HE Lina, SUN Jingxuan, YANG Xiaohui, CHE Jingyi, NIU Yumei 2026, 42(8): 656-660.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.004 Abstract ( 39 )   PDF (4671KB) ( 16 )   Objective: To investigate the effects of human dental pulp stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (hDPSC-EVs) on Schwann cells' (SCs) functions in LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment in vitro. Methods: hDPSCs and hDPSC-EVs were isolated and identified. hDPSC-EVs' effects on SCs proliferation and migration were assessed by CCK-8 and wound healing assays in normal conditions. SCs were treated with 1.0 μg/mL LPS for 72 h to establish an inflammatory model. Groups included Control, LPS, LPS + hDPSC-EVs, LPS + hDPSC-CM, and LPS + GW4869-CM. Meanwhile, the expression level of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) and neurotrophic factors (BDNF and NGF) were examined by RT-qPCR and ELISA. Results: Under normal condition, hDPSC-EVs substantially improved SCs' proliferation (P<0.05) and migration (P<0.001). In LPS-induced inflammatory model, hDPSC-EVs markedly decreased the expression level of IL-6 and TNF-α while upregulated secretion of IL-10, BDNF, and NGF. These modulations were attenuated by the EVs inhibitor GW4869. Conclusion: hDPSC-EVs can modulate the expression of inflammation-related factors and promote the expression of neurotrophic factors in SCs under an inflammatory microenvironment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Different Root Canal Irrigants and Obturation Materials on Root Fracture Resistance HAO Xiaoying, MIAO Yu 2026, 42(8): 661-666.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.005 Abstract ( 38 )   PDF (1631KB) ( 21 )   Objective: To evaluate the effects of different root canal irrigants and obturation sealers on the fracture resistance of tooth roots. Methods: A total of 170 mandibular single-rooted premolars meeting the criteria were selected and randomly divided into five experimental groups (Groups A-E, irrigated with normal saline, 1% NaClO, 3%NaClO, 5.25%NaClO, and Ultra Clean) and two control groups (Group F: no instrumentation or obturation; Group G: instrumentation only). All experimental groups were instrumented using the M3 Pro 2016 rotary nickel-titanium file system and further subdivided into three subgroups based on the obturation sealer used: AH-Plus, C-root SP, and Vitapex. After standardized irrigation and single-cone obturation, the samples were screened via X-ray, embedded to simulate the periodontal ligament, and subjected to fracture resistance testing using a universal testing machine. Results: Root canal instrumentation significantly reduced fracture resistance [Group G: (254.30±26.74) N vs. Group F: (673.16±29.06) N, P<0.05]. Sodium hypochlorite irrigants significantly weakened root fracture resistance in a concentration-dependent manner, with the 5.25% NaClO group showing the most pronounced effect. Among the obturation materials, the bioceramic sealer (C-root SP) resulted in higher fracture resistance compared to resin-based (AH-Plus) and calcium hydroxide-based (Vitapex) sealers. Conclusion: Both mechanical instrumentation and chemical irrigation reduce root fracture resistance, while the use of bioceramic sealers can enhance the structural integrity of teeth after root canal treatment. Clinical material selection should comprehensively consider material properties to optimize treatment outcomes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Individualized Tooth Arrangement Based on Digital Measurement of Intercrestal Line Angle on Stability of Complete Dentures YANG Shuang, HUANG Chaoyi, YU Pei, LV Huling, WU Zhe 2026, 42(8): 667-673.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.006 Abstract ( 35 )   PDF (2017KB) ( 13 )   Objective: To quantify the intercrestal line angle (ICLA) in edentulous patients using digital technology and to translate the ICLA parameter into clinical practice for improving the stability of complete dentures. Methods: Sixteen edentulous patients who received complete denture treatment at the Department of Prosthodontics, Guangzhou Medical University, from December 2022 to June 2024 were included. All participants were taken functional closed-mouth impression and recorded jaw relation according to standard protocols. Digital casts were obtained by scanning the definitive impressions. In the control group, automatic tooth arrangement was performed using the 3Shape Dental System software, the technician makes adjustments based on experience. In the experimental group, the ICLA was measured bilaterally at the first molar regions within the same software, and tooth arrangement was then adjusted accordingly to achieve individualized alignment. Diagnostic dentures were designed and 3D printed for both groups. During clinical try-in, denture stability was compared, occlusal force distribution was evaluated using the T-Scan system, and patient satisfaction was assessed through questionnaires. Results: A total of 16 edentulous patients were enrolled in this study. During the diagnostic denture trial wear phase, the experimental group exhibited superior stability in maxillary/mandibular stability examination and occlusal examination compared with the control group, characterized by a significant reduction in denture tilting and displacement. T-Scan occlusal analysis results showed that the experimental group had more symmetrical left-right occlusal force distribution, with significantly better occlusal balance indicators than the control group. Satisfaction questionnaire results indicated that patients scored high in dimensions such as "masticatory ability", "comfort", and "stability". Conclusion: Personalized tooth arrangement based on digitally measured ICLA can improve denture stability, occlusal force distribution, and patients' subjective post-insertion experience during the short-term trial wear phase. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Hydrofluoric Acid Etching Duration on Microstructure and Shear Bond Strength of Lithium Disilicate Glass-ceramic Restorations JIANG Yan, CHEN Weixiang, HUANG Tingting, TANG Siyu, ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Zhisheng, ZUO Qiliang 2026, 42(8): 674-680.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.007 Abstract ( 38 )   PDF (9462KB) ( 11 )   Objective: To investigate the mechanism by which hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching time affects the bond strength between lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDGC) and dentin surfaces, and to provide a reference for optimizing the bonding process of all-ceramic restorations. Methods: Thirty-six LDGC sheets and thirty ceramic cylinder as well as fresh bovine dentin were prepared. Ceramic specimens were either left untreated (0 s) or etched with HF for 5 s, 10 s, 20 s, 40 s, or 60 s. The contact angle (CA), surface roughness, and surface micromorphology of the specimens were measured using a contact angle meter, white light interferometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The LDGC specimens were bonded to bovine dentin, and the shear bond strength (SBS) was tested using a universal testing machine. Fracture interfaces were observed under a stereo microscope. Results: During 60 s of etching time, the CA decreased with increasing etching time. The 40 s HF group showed the lowest CA, (24.0±0.2)°, and the highest surface roughness, (205.91±0.52) nm (P < 0.05). SEM revealed that glass matrix of ceramics gradually diminished with longer etching, and large pores appeared after etching for more than 40 s. The 40 s HF group exhibited the highest SBS, (11.06±0.74) MPa, although it was associated with dentin stripping. The 20 s HF group showed interfacial bond failure between the resin adhesive and dentin. Conclusion: Within 60 s, increasing HF etching time improves the surface roughness and wettability of LDGC, contributing to a more stable bonding interface. Etching the LDGC surface with 5% HF for 20 to 40 s can achieve optimal bonding performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Application Effect of PDMS-CHXG Coating on Healing Abutments FENG Yu, WANG Jianwei, XIA Rong 2026, 42(8): 681-687.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.008 Abstract ( 44 )   PDF (3998KB) ( 13 )   Objective: To construct polydimethylsiloxane-chlorhexidine gluconate (PDMS-CHXG) antibacterial coating on healing abutment, compare it with conventional healing abutments through high-throughput sequencing and basic fuchsin solution staining, analyze the diversity of gingival crevicular fluid flora around implants and the proportion of plaque surface area, and evaluate its clinical antibacterial efficacy. Methods: Twenty eligible patients (40 implants scheduled for secondary surgery) were enrolled. The experimental group used PDMS-CHXG antibacterial coated healing abutments, while the control group used untreated abutments. Both types of abutments were placed simultaneously, and follow-up visits were conducted on the 3rd and 7th days after loading. Gingival crevicular fluid around the two types of abutments was collected with filter paper strips, and high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the difference in relative abundance of different bacterial phyla between them. On the 7th day, the healing abutments were removed, stained with 1% basic fuchsin aqueous solution for 1 minute, and the difference in plaque area percentage between the two groups was calculated. Results: Compared with the control group, the detection quantity of common peri-implant microbiota (including five phyla such as Firmicutes) in the gingival crevicular fluid around the experimental group's healing abutments was significantly reduced on the 3rd day (P<0.05). On the 7th day, the quantities of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in the experimental group were decreased (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in the other three phyla (P>0.05). Meanwhile, the proportion of plaque area on the surface of the experimental group's abutments was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: After secondary implant surgery, constructing a PDMS-CHXG coating on the surface of the healing abutment can form a short-term antibacterial microenvironment through the sustained release of chlorhexidine, reduce the adhesion of peri-implantitis-related pathogenic bacteria, and exhibit a certain antibacterial effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Magnesium Ion-loaded Hydrogel and Study on Its Regulating Polarization Performance of RAW264.7 Cells LIU Yang, YANG Jilei, LI Xiaoyu, WANG Wenli, ZUO Xiaoxuan, LI Yourui, SONG Hualei 2026, 42(8): 688-695.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.009 Abstract ( 39 )   PDF (6530KB) ( 16 )   Objective: To investigate the physicochemical properties of hydrogel scaffolds loaded with different concentrations of magnesium ions and their effects on the proliferation and polarization of mouse monocytic macrophage leukemia cell line RAW264.7. Methods: Composite hydrogel scaffolds loaded with different mass percentages of magnesium ions were prepared by physically blending gelatin methacryloyl (GeLMA) with different masses of magnesium chloride (MgCl2). The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, etc., and their degradation and sustained release properties were tested. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated by live/dead cell staining, CCK-8 assay, and cytoskeleton staining. The effects of each group of scaffolds on the polarization of RAW264.7 were detected by immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: Magnesium ions were successfully loaded into GelMA and promoted the polarization of RAW264.7 to M2 type through sustained release. Conclusion: GelMA/Mg2+ hydrogels have good biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, and drug release ability, and can promote the polarization of RAW264.7 to M2 type. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nanotopographical Titanium Surfaces Promote Cellular Bioenergetics through Mitochondrial Modulation WU Yue, HE Yangfan 2026, 42(8): 696-701.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.010 Abstract ( 34 )   PDF (3982KB) ( 12 )   Objective: To investigate the effects of nanotopographical titanium surfaces on mitochondrial function and metabolic activity in pre-osteoblasts. Methods: Nanotubular structures (~100 nm) were fabricated by anodization. Surface morphology, cell metabolic activity, adhesion, and morphology were assessed. Mitochondrial network was analyzed by confocal microscopy, and expression of mitochondrial-related genes was measured by RT-PCR. Results: Nanotubular surfaces were uniform. Metabolic activity was similar on day 1 but increased on day 7. Cells spread irregularly on nanotopographical surfaces versus elongated on unmodified titanium. Mitochondria were evenly distributed, and nanotopography reduced branch number without affecting area or branch length. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (Pgc-1α) was upregulated ~24-fold on day 1; however, other genes remained unchanged. Furthermore, Pgc-1α protein expression was not affected by titanium nanotube structure. Conclusion: Nanotopographical titanium enhances cell metabolism by modulating mitochondrial network and bioenergetics. Early Pgc-1α upregulation suggests mitochondrial biogenesis activation, improving energy status and osteogenic potential, providing insights for implant surface design. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of Surgical Treatment for Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Maxilla on Outcome of Concomitant Maxillary Sinusitis XU Huixia, KOU Jiahao, HE Jinyuan, SUN Guowen 2026, 42(8): 702-707.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.011 Abstract ( 40 )   PDF (1603KB) ( 14 )   Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of concomitant maxillary sinusitis following surgical treatment for medication-related osteonecrosis of the maxilla. Methods: Clinical data of patients with maxillary medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) complicated by maxillary sinusitis who were treated in the First Ward of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Stomatological Hospital) from January 2013 to August 2025 were collected. A total of 31 patients were enrolled. Their basic clinical characteristics, surgical procedures, tissue healing status, pain relief, and changes in maxillary sinus inflammation during follow-up were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Postoperatively, 30/31 patients (96.77%) achieved complete wound healing, and no complications including tissue necrosis, wound infection, or MRONJ recurrence were observed during follow-up. However, wound dehiscence occurred in 1 patient during follow-up. Regarding maxillary sinusitis: it resolved in 14/31 cases (45.16%), the inflammation grade decreased significantly in 13/31 cases (41.94%), and no improvement was noted in 4/31 cases (12.90%). Conclusion: The treatment protocol, which involves thorough sequestrectomy during surgery, preservation of residual maxillary sinus mucosa, sinus irrigation, effective closure of the oroantral communication, and perioperative antibiotic use, can significantly improve maxillary MRONJ and its concomitant maxillary sinusitis, thereby greatly enhancing patients' quality of life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Quantitative Analysis of Surface Activation of Mastication-related Muscles in Individuals with Normal Occlusion Using Time-domain Parameters CHEN Shiman, HE Jiayue, LIU Yuxin, ZHANG Rui, LI Luoxin, GOU Xiaorui, WANG Mengyuan, SHEN Yufeng, ZHOU Zheng 2026, 42(8): 708-713.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.012 Abstract ( 30 )   PDF (1956KB) ( 12 )   Objective: To establish the time-domain reference range of the oral masticatory system for individuals with normal occlusion aged 18-30 years by synchronously monitoring four pairs of masticatory-related muscles. Methods: A total of 69 subjects aged 18-30 years with normal occlusion were included. Four pairs of masticatory-related muscles (including the anterior bundles of bilateral temporalis muscles) were monitored synchronously to establish the reference ranges of surface electromyography (sEMG) parameters and specific values under five mandibular movements. Results: The temporalis and masseter muscles were the main masticatory muscles, with the strongest activity in the maximal clenching position. The anterior belly of the digastric muscle showed obvious activity in the mandibular postural position to maintain mandibular stability. The sternocleidomastoid muscle was asymmetrically activated during unilateral mastication to maintain craniocervical stability, confirming its synergistic effect with masticatory function. Unilateral mastication presented a significant "chewing side dominance", and gender differences were observed in some EMG parameters (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study establishes the EMG reference ranges for multiple muscle groups and multiple movements in individuals with normal occlusion aged 18-30 years, clarifies the functional division of masticatory muscles, and provides a basis for the quantitative evaluation of oral masticatory system function. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Rare Case of Infratemporal Fossa Lipoblastoma in Adolescents WU Zhiyan, LI Xi, FAN Linlin, BIAN Yifu, HAN Bing 2026, 42(8): 714-716.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.013 Abstract ( 36 )   PDF (1483KB) ( 13 )   Lipoblastoma is mainly composed of immature adipocytes and is more common in children under 3 years old. It often occurs in the limbs, trunk, and retroperitoneum, and is less common in the head and neck. The tumor is invasive and can invade key surrounding anatomical structures. Complete surgical resection is the preferred method for curative treatment. Currently, some scholars have suggested that subtotal resection is also effective, but its recurrence rate is difficult to predict and further follow-up observation is needed. This article reports a case of 11-year-old male child with infratemporal fossa lipoblastoma. After complete tumor resection, it was confirmed by pathology to be an lipoblastoma. The age and location of onset are relatively rare, providing some experience for further deepening clinical understanding of lipoblastoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic Navigation System Assisted Removal of Odontoma, Extraction of Impacted Tooth, and Autotransplant Tooth: A Case Report SHI Zhan, XU Xiaoqian 2026, 42(8): 717-719.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.014 Abstract ( 35 )   PDF (2181KB) ( 18 )   In recent years, with the adoption of minimally invasive concepts and the advancement of digital technology, the dynamic navigation system (DNS) has been extensively applied as a state-of-the-art auxiliary method across various fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery. By enabling three-dimensional visualization, simulating surgical procedures, and providing real-time intraoperative positioning, DNS simplifies surgical operations, reduces surgical risks and trauma, and enhances the quality of surgery to achieve the goals of minimally invasive procedures. This article presents a case in which the removal of an odontoma, extraction of an impacted tooth, and autogenous tooth transplantation were successfully performed with the assistance of a dynamic navigation system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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GTR Treatment of Maxillary Lateral Incisor with PGG and Severe Bone Resorption: A Case Report LI Ling, PAN Taohua, YIN Lifen, WU Hao 2026, 42(8): 720-722.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.015 Abstract ( 34 )   PDF (1938KB) ( 26 )   Palatal radicular groove is a developmental anomaly on the root surface, which is difficult to keep clean and thus prone to localized periodontal tissue destruction. This case report describes the treatment of a maxillary lateral incisor with severe localized alveolar bone resorption caused by a palatal radicular groove. The condition was managed surgically using guided tissue regeneration (GTR) combined with bone grafting. At the one-year follow-up, significant improvement in clinical attachment loss and satisfactory bone regeneration were observed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Two-phase Therapy for Skeletal Class Ⅱ Malocclusion: A Case Report ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Chen 2026, 42(8): 723-728.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.08.016 Abstract ( 50 )   PDF (5193KB) ( 44 )   This article outlines the complete management process of a patient with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion in early permanent dentition, involving phase Ⅰ orthopedic treatment followed by phase Ⅱ fixed orthodontic treatment. The patient underwent phase Ⅰ orthopedic therapy to address three-dimensional skeletal discrepancy, followed by fixed orthodontics to correct malocclusion. As a result, significant improvements were observed in facial aesthetics, alignment, and occlusion. References | Related Articles | Metrics