Abstract: Electrospinning technique could prepare many nanofiber scaffolds with various characteristics through electrostatic principles. These nanofibers contained many advantages including high superficial area, high porosity, and the ability to simulate structures of extracellular matrix to a large extent. This article introduced the preparation process and the biological nature of electrospinning technique as well as the application of nanofibers in the periodontal tissue engineering, guided tissue regeneration, and periodontal drug sustained release system. Furthermore, the development of this technique in the future was expected