Modified Electrospinning Three-dimensional Nanofiber Scaffold for Bone Repair

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.11.008

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To prepare three-dimensional nanofibrous scaffold by electrospinning and electrospraying technology, and to investigate its bone repair ability. Methods: The three-dimensional polycaprolactone scaffold (PCL NFs + PCL MSs) was prepared by alternating electrospinning/electrospraying. The morphology of the scaffold was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the mechanical properties were tested. Live/dead staining and cytoskeleton staining were performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of scaffold. The in vitro osteogenic performance of the scaffold was investigated using real-time quantitative PCR, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining (ARS), and immunofluorescence staining. Finally, the in vivo bone repair ability of the scaffold on rat skull defect model was evaluated. All experiments used pure electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds (PCL NFs) as controls. Results: PCL NFs + PCL MSs exhibited obvious nanofiber and microsphere structure. Compared to PCL NFs, PCL NFs + PCL MSs had better three-dimensional structure (nearly 3-fold increase in thickness), significantly improved mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. The cells were more easily ingrained into the interior of PCL NFs + PCL MSs. In vitro studies shown that the expression of osteogenic related genes [bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type Ⅰ (COL1), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and osteopontin (OPN)] and proteins (COL1, BMP2) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of PCL NFs + PCL MSs were significantly upregulated. ALP and ARS staining also suggested that PCL NFs + PCL MSs had better osteogenic ability. In vivo study indicated that PCL NFs + PCL MSs had significantly improved bone repair ability. Conclusion: The three-dimensional nanofiber scaffold was successfully prepared by alternating electrospinning and electrospraying. This scaffold has significantly improved bone repair performance and good clinical application prospects.

Key words: bone repair, electrospinning, electrospraying, 3D nanofibrous scaffold

GUAN Xinyue, LIU Yuhui, AN Xin, XU Bingxue, MENG Wenxin, ZHOU Ning, WU Guomin. Modified Electrospinning Three-dimensional Nanofiber Scaffold for Bone Repair[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2024, 40(11): 985-991.

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