RHOT1 Influences Invasiveness of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by Regulating Mitochondrial Transfer

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2026.06.010

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the role of the mitochondrial transport protein Ras homolog family member T1 (RHOT1) in the transfer of mitochondria between oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and macrophages, and to evaluate its impact on tumor cell energy metabolism and malignant behavior. Methods: Macrophages expressing a mitochondria-targeted fluorescent reporter and carcinoma cells with RHOT1 gene knockdown were established. Mitochondrial transfer was quantified using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Intracellular energy content, cell proliferation activity, and migratory capacity were assessed through biochemical assays and wound-healing analysis. Results: Knockdown of RHOT1 markedly reduced the ability of carcinoma cells to acquire mitochondria from macrophages. Exogenous mitochondria enhanced the proliferative activity and migratory capacity of negative control cells, whereas no such enhancement was observed in RHOT1-deficient cells. Conclusion: RHOT1 regulates the uptake of macrophage-derived mitochondria by carcinoma cells and thereby influences their energy metabolism and malignant behavior. RHOT1 may serve as a potential target for modulating tumor metabolic adaptation and interactions within the immune microenvironment.

Key words: Ras homolog family member T1, mitochondrial transfer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, macrophage, energy metabolism

ZHAO Xinran, NI Yueqi, CHENG Bo. RHOT1 Influences Invasiveness of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by Regulating Mitochondrial Transfer[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2026, 42(6): 519-523.

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