Effect of Porphyromonas Gingivalis on Blood Glucose and Intestinal Flora in Diabetic Mice: A Mechanistic Exploration

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.11.013

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the impact of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) on blood glucose levels in diabetic mice and identify the bacteria in the intestinal flora closely associated with blood glucose regulation; and to explore the underlying mechanisms of this intervention. Methods: Thirty-two C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 per group) using a randomized control repeated blind method. The groups were as follows: healthy mice fed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (WT group); healthy mice fed with P.g (WT P.g group); diabetic mice injected with streptozotocin and fed with PBS (STZ group); and diabetic mice injected with streptozotocin and fed with P.g (STZ P.g group).The blood glucose levels, body weight, and mental state of the mice were observed weekly. 16S rDNA analysis was performed to assess the composition changes of intestinal flora in colon feces. Immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques were used to measure the expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Additionally, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to examine the expression of prohormone converting enzyme-1 (PC1/3) and proglucagon mRNA in colon tissue. Results: No significant difference in fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels was observed between the WT group and the WT P.g group. However, at the sixth week after oral administration, a significant difference was observed between the STZ group and the STZ P.g group, with the latter showing higher blood glucose levels. The richness and diversity of the intestinal flora were significantly decreased in the STZ P.g group. qPCR analysis revealed abnormal expression of PC1/3 and proglucagon mRNA, as well as significantly decreased expression of GLP-1. The 16S rDNA analysis indicated a significant increase in the richness of Aeromonas, Rothia, Paraprevotella, and Clostridium in the STZ P.g group, while the richness of Ligilactobacillus, Desulfovibrio, Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Lachnospiraceae was significantly reduced. FBG levels showed a negative correlation with the richness of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Enterorhabdus, and Candidatus_Saccharimonas, but a positive correlation with Desulfovibrio, Akkermansia, and Bacteroides. Conclusion: The results suggest that P.g may interfere with intestinal endocrine function through modulating the intestinal flora, potentially influencing blood glucose regulation throughout the body.

Key words: intestinal microbiota, periodontitis, diabetes, 16S rDNA sequencing

CHEN Wenwen, YAN Fuhua, MO Chaolun, HUANG Mingkun, LI Xiaowen, ZHANG Junmei. Effect of Porphyromonas Gingivalis on Blood Glucose and Intestinal Flora in Diabetic Mice: A Mechanistic Exploration[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2023, 39(11): 1005-1011.

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