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Development in Periodontal Regenerative Treatment. YAN Fu-hua, LI Li-li 2018, 34(3): 217-222.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.001 Abstract ( 704 )   PDF (1133KB) ( 722 )   Periodontitis leads to the destruction of periodontal tissue. Reconstruction of the periodontal tissue with natural structure and the rehabilitation of its physiological function is the ultimate goal of the clinical treatment. Unfortunately, this has not yet been fully achieved in clinical practice. Currently, it is acknowledged that four aspects of periodontal tissue regeneration need to be improved. They are safe and effective stem cell sources, adequate blood supply, stable space for the regeneration process, and multiple growth factors that could be released in an ordered temporal and spatial manner. To achieve the above targets, different strategies have been challenged by many researchers. This paper aims to review the recent progress of periodontal tissue regeneration and try to find some prospective solutions which can guide future research directions of periodontal tissue regeneration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review of Influence of Class II Functional Orthopedic Treatment on Temporomandibular Joint. CHEN Ming-zhu, YIN Kang 2018, 34(3): 223-225.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.002 Abstract ( 417 )   PDF (764KB) ( 402 )   The skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion represent the maxillary protrusion, mandibular retrusion, or maxillary protraction combined with mandibular retrusion, which seriously affects the function and appearance of the patients. For patients in the period of puberty development, functional appliance is used for orthopedic treatment. The effect of functional orthopedic treatment on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is reviewed in this paper from the following aspects: the mechanism of functional orthopedic treatment, the effect of functional orthopedic treatment on the articular disc, condyle, glenoid fossa, and joint nodule. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusal Factors. YUAN Yu-juan, FENG Yun-xia, REN Juan, ZHU Juan-juan 2018, 34(3): 226-228.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.003 Abstract ( 380 )   PDF (755KB) ( 636 )   Temporomandibular disorders is a common disease of oral and maxillofacial region. It has complicated causes and pathogenic factors. Occlusal factor is one of these factors. This paper reviewed the researches about relationship between temporomandibular disorders and occlusal factors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Gene Therapy on Osteoarthrosis. CUI Shi-man, ZHANG Qing-bin 2018, 34(3): 229-232.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.004 Abstract ( 297 )   PDF (785KB) ( 240 )   Osteoarthrosis is a common degenerative joint disease, which is characterized by cartilage injury. Temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis is a common oral and maxillofacial disease, its repair and treatment are quite challenging job to clinical and scientific researchers. It is a lot of treatment of this disease, but the effect is not satisfactory. Gene therapy is a new treatment technology developed in recent years, which involves the target cell, gene, carrier and so on. This article summarized the current literature on gene therapy of osteoarthrosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Influence of Psychology and Sleep on Temporomandibular Joint Disorders. GUAN Juan-juan, YU Lv-feng, ZOU De-rong, HUANG Yi 2018, 34(3): 233-235.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.005 Abstract ( 341 )   PDF (763KB) ( 383 )   Temporomandibular joint disorder is one of the most common clinical oral diseases. Its etiology is multifactorial, in which psychological factor plays an important role. Along with the increase of pressure of modern life, sleep disorder is also frequent. This article reviews the research status of psychological and sleep factors that affect on temporomandibular disorders. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Manufacture of An Improved Guiding Splint for Condylar Positioning. LU Bin-hua, XI Wei-hong, LI Jian-fu, ZHOU Wu-chao, GAN Yan-zi 2018, 34(3): 236-240.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.006 Abstract ( 302 )   PDF (2321KB) ( 333 )   Objective: To describe the design and manufacture of a novel condylar positioning device with computer-aided design in sagittal split ramus osteotomy,and to verify the accuracy by model test. Methods: The sample included 10 patients with a total 20 condyles. The patients had completed preoperative orthodontic treatments and were undergoing orthognathic surgeries. CT data containing patient's jaw and occlusion information were imported into Mimics 17.0 software. The mandible and midface were reconstructed, and were completed with the virtual SSRO, Lefort I osteotomy and bone movements, to obtain a new upper and lower jaw position. Freeform 12.0 software was used to design the guiding splint and proximal segment positioning guide. They were connected with a cylinder. Integrated condylar positioning device, proximal segment, and distal segment were 3D printed. The condylar positioning devices were used to connect the proximal segment models and distal segment models. The segments were joined together and went through a CT scan. CT data were imported into Mimics 17.0 software, the linear differences and coordinate differences of three condylar landmarks in the virtual group and the model group were measured. Statistical analyses were performed using RMSD. Results: Excellent consistency was proved with largest positional RMSD of 0.738mm and largest postural angular RSMD discrepancy of 1.1°. Conclusion: This condylar positioning device with computer-aided design can accurately locate the condyles in in vitro experiment, which might be used as an alternative method to obtain the correct position of the condyle in orthognathic surgery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Hyaluronic Acid on HMGB-1 Expression of Chondrocytes with IL-1β Stimulation. LI Cheng, DENG Mo-hong, GUO Hui-lin, FENG Ya-ping, FANG Wei, LONG Xing 2018, 34(3): 241-244.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.007 Abstract ( 263 )   PDF (2115KB) ( 245 )   Objective: To study the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) on HMGB-1 expression of chondrocytes with IL-1β stimulation. Methods: TMJ condylar chondrocytes were obtained through in vitro culture. HA and glycyrrhizin (GL) were respectively incubated in chondrocytes with IL-1β stimulation. Total RNA and protein were extracted 24h after stimulation to detect the mRNA expression of HMGB-1 and receptors, and protein expression of HMGB-1. Results: After IL-1β stimulation, the mRNA expressions of HMGB-1, TLR2, and TLR4 were increased. The mRNA expressions of HMGB-1, TLR2, and TLR4 were significantly decreased with the addition of HA or GL in contrast to only IL-1β stimulation (P<0.05). Also the protein expression of HMGB-1 was decreased after HA or GL stimulation (P<0.05). Conclusion: HA could decrease the HMGB-1 and receptors expression of chondrocytes in IL-1β stimulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Imaging Study of Joint Space Changes in Unilateral Temporomandibular Joint Synovitis. LV Yao-guang, SHAO Bo, JIA Meng-ying, GU Wen-yan, GONG Zhong-cheng 2018, 34(3): 245-248.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.008 Abstract ( 248 )   PDF (1502KB) ( 316 )   Objective: To investigate the features of closing position panoramic radiograph of bilateral joint space in patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint synovitis. Methods: Twenty-seven cases diagnosed with unilateral temporomandibular joint synovitis by temporomandibular joint disease clinic in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were collected. The bilateral temporomandibular joint sagittal panoramic radiograph at the intercuspal position was recorded by digital surface tomography X-ray machine, and reconstructed by CliniView 9.2 software, and the indexes of TMJ condylar related space were measured and compared between the affected side and the unaffected side. Results: The anterior condylar space, the superior space, and the posterior space in patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint synovitis in the affected side were significantly greater than those in the unaffected side (P<0.05), and the ipsilateral anterior superior and posterior space of the affected side were increased by about 32.46%, 64.62%, and 55.05% in contrast to those of the unaffected side. The asymmetric index results showed that the superior space had great influence on the asymmetry of the condylar space. Conclusion: The condylar space of patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint synovitis in the affected side is wider than that of the unaffected side, and the upper space has a greater influence on the symmetry of bilateral joint space. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on Mechanical Property of Tissue Engineering Cartilage Constructed by BMSCs/PRF Compound Membranes. ZHAO Ying, CHEN Hui, ZHANG Min 2018, 34(3): 249-253.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.009 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF (2027KB) ( 197 )   Objective: To evaluate the effects of hydrostatic pressure on mechanical property of tissue engineering cartilage which was constructed by BMSCs/PRF compound membranes. Methods: BMSCs were obtained by density gradient centrifugation. BMSCs cell sheet was obtained after cell surface markers detection. After PRF membrane was obtained by whole blood centrifuge, BMSCs/PRF compound membranes were constructed. BMSCs/PRF constructs were randomized into 3 groups. BMSCs/PRF construct cultured without any mechanical stimulation or chemical induction was adopted as control group. BMSCs/PRF compound membranes treated with chondrogenic medium was induction group. BMSCs/PRF compound membranes treated with chondrogenic medium and hydrostatic pressure was defined as pressure+ induction group. Gene expression of Sox-9, aggrecan, and Col-II were analyzed by real-time PCR for all groups. HE staining and toluidine blue staining were performed to observe the histomorphology. Elasticity moduli of BMSCs/PRF compound membranes of each group were measured by ElectroForce System3200. Results: The mRNA expressions of Sox-9, aggrecan, and Col-II in induction group and pressure+ induction group were significantly higher than those of control group. Besides, the expressions of aggrecan and Col-II in pressure+induction group were significantly higher than those of the induction group. HE staining showed that the density population of the chondrocytes in pressure+induction group increased greatly compared with control and induction group. The metachromatic particles could be found by toluidine blue staining in pressure+induction group. Elasticity moduli of tissue engineering cartilage constructed by BMSCs/PRF compound membranes inpressure+induction group was also enhanced compared with that of control and induction group. Conclusion: Hydrostatic pressure promotes the quality and mechanical property of tissue engineering cartilage constructed by BMSCs/PRF compound membranes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Patients with Painful Temporomandibular Disorders CHEN Yi-Nan, ZHOU Wei-Na, YU Lin-Feng, XI Xiao-Jing, WANG Chen, ZHANG Jing-Lu 2018, 34(3): 254-257.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.010 Abstract ( 326 )   PDF (871KB) ( 265 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on somatosensory and jaw function in patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain. Methods: Twenty patients with unilateral TMJ pain and 20 healthy controls were assigned randomly and double-blinded into two groups to receive real and sham TENS (rTENS and sTENS) stimulation for 30 min in a randomized order. mechanical pain threshold (MPT), pressure pain threshold (PPT), opening range (OR) without pain and maximal OR were tested before (T1), immediately after (T2),and 30 min after treatment (T3). Results: PPTs and ORs of patients were lower than normal's (PPPT=0.034,Pno pain<0.001,Ppain<0.001). There were significant differences for MPT and PPT between painful and control sides in patients (PMPT<0.001, PPPT<0.001). MPTs, PPTs and ORs were significantly different between pre- and post-treatment (rTENS) (PMPT=0.003, PPPT<0.001, Pno pain<0.001, Ppain<0.001). Conclusion: TMJ pain patients demonstrated high sensitivity and limitation of jaw motion. TENS showed significant improvement in terms of somatosensory and motor function in patients with unilateral TMJ pain References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Correlation between Crossbite and Temporomandibular Joint Disc Displacement. GU Wen-yan,JIA Meng-ying, CHEN qing-li, XU Ying-jie, LV Yao-guang, GONG Zhong-cheng 2018, 34(3): 258-261.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.011 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (779KB) ( 402 )   Objective: To investigate the correlation between crossbite and temporomandibular joint disc displacement (DD). Methods: Fifty-nine cases were collected, who were diagnosed as DD with crossbite. The patients with DD were divided into disc displacement with reduction and disc displacement without reduction. They were classified in terms of the crossbite tooth location, morphological function, crossbite tooth number, and relative median line of crossbite tooth. The data were analyzed with SPSS22.0 software package and X2 test. Results: There was a significant correlation between crossbite tooth position and DD. Crossbite in anterior and posterior teeth had a high incidence of disc displacement without reduction (P<0.05). The other classification were no significance. Conclusion: Crossbite might be a risk factor in DD, and bite fatigue might induce DD. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between Unilateral Posterior Scissors-bite, Joint Clicking Symptoms, and Surface Electromyography of Masticatory Muscle JIA Meng-ying, SHAO Bo, GU Wen-yan, CHEN Qing-Li, LV Yao-guang, GONG Zhong-cheng 2018, 34(3): 262-265.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.012 Abstract ( 254 )   PDF (780KB) ( 269 )   Objective: To investigate the correlation between unilateral posterior scissors-bite, joint clicking symptoms, and surface electromyography of masticatory muscle. Methods: The samples were from Xinjiang Medical University undergraduates and received examination of temporomandibular joint and occlusion, which included 40 people with unilateral posterior scissors-bite, 40 people with unilateral joint clicking, and 40 people with normal occlusion no joint clicking. The surface electromyography of bilateral temporal anterior muscles and masseter muscles in mandibular postural position (MMP) and intercuspal position (ICP) for all groups were recorded. The asymmetry index was counted for further comparison. Results: The scissors-bite in unilateral posterior scissors-bite side revealed a lower SEMG of the TA and MM compared with normal occlusion in MMP (P<0.05), the non-scissors-bite revealed no significance. The SEMG value of TA and MM were significantly lower than the group with normal occlusion and the non-sicssors-bite when biting ICP. Group of scissors-bite revealed a significance of a higher masticatory asymmetry index than group of normal occlusion. A higher asymmetry index was showed in single molar scissors-bite compared with a single premolar scissors-bite. There was no significance between the group of bilateral joint clicking with the group of normal occlusion about SEMG in MMP and ICP. Conclusion: Scissors-bite was related to the SEMG of masticatory muscles instead of the joint clicking. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Repetitive Occlusal Interference Facilitates Masseter Hyperalgesia in Rats MO Si-yi, XU Xiao-xiang, CAO Ye, JIE Hui-fei, XIE Qiu-fei 2018, 34(3): 266-269.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.013 Abstract ( 230 )   PDF (1275KB) ( 281 )   Objective: To investigate the influence of previous occlusal interference on masticatory muscle hyperalgesia induced by secondary occlusal interference in rats. Methods: Repetitive occlusal interferences were obtained by bonding a 0.4 mm thick metal crown on the upper first molar in rat and removing it after two or four days. The bilateral head withdrawal thresholds were measured at multiple time points. Results: Eight days were needed for the thresholds to recover to baseline after the removal of the first occlusal interference which lasted for two days, and 10 days were needed after two occlusal interferences which both lasted for two days. And it took respectively 19 days and 12 days for the thresholds to recover to baseline after the removal of the second occlusal interference which lasted for 4 days following the first occlusal interference which lasted for 2 days or following sham operation. Conclusion: The first occlusal interference which lasted for 2 days facilitated masseter hyperalgesia induced by the second occlusal interference which lasted for 2 or 4 days in postponing the recovery time without increasing the severity of masseter hyperalgesia. This study successfully established an animal model of repetitive occlusal interference-facilitated masticatory muscle pain. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of Angiogenic-associated and Lubricating-associated Factors in Synovial Fibroblasts of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis GUO Hui-lin, FANG Wei, DENG Mo-hong, LONG Xingsup>1,2* 2018, 34(3): 270-273.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.014 Abstract ( 244 )   PDF (1283KB) ( 320 )   Objective: To investigate the expression of angiogenic-associated factors and lubricating-associated genes in the synovial fibroblasts of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Synovial tissues were collected from the temporomandibular joint of OA patients, and synovial fibroblasts were separated and cultured by tissue culture method. Flow cytometric analysis was used to examine the expression of CD34 and CD44. The protein expressions of VEGF and TSP1 were detected by western blotting. Real-time PCR was used to examined the gene expression of PRG4,HAS2 and HAS3. Results: The expressions of VEGF,CD34 and HAS3 were significantly increased in the synovial cells of OA, but TSP1, PRG4 and HAS2 expression were decreased. Conclusion: Proangiogenic factors were increased, and the lubricating-associated factors were decreased in the synovial cells of temporomandibular joint OA, suggesting that the synovium might play a beneficial role in the pathogenesis of OA by regulating the expression of these factors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Management of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis with Dentofacial Deformities in Children. MEI Jie, JIANG Yang-mei, LI Yun-feng, BI Rui-ye, JIANG Nan, ZHU Song-song 2018, 34(3): 274-277.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.015 Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (1718KB) ( 297 )   Objective: To explore the treatment of TMJ ankylosis with secondary dentocacial deformities. Methods: This was a retrospective analyze of 18 pediatric patients with TMJ ankylosis and secondary dentofacial deformities. Clinical outcomes were evaluated in terms of oral function, medical photography, and radiography. Patients were followed up for 12-40months. Results: The patients underwent different types of arthroplasty with condylar reconstruction by costochondral bone, autogenous coronoid process or distraction osteogenesis. The dentofaical deformities were treated simultaneously. No infections had occurred during or after hospitalization. No patients with re-ankylosis or permanent facial nerve damage were found during the follow-up period. All patients achieved significant improvements in MIO (2.83mm preoperative to 30.5 mm 12 months postoperative, P<0.05) and in oral function including chewing, swallowing, pronunciation, and respiration with long-term follow-up. The dentofacial deformities in most patients were improved to varying degrees. Conclusion: Our results provided more useful information for the management of the pediatric patients with TMJ ankylosis and secondary dentofacial deformities. Early treatment and close follow-up play an important role in the management of these patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on Complications and Prophylaxis of Mandibular Condylar Fractures Surgical Treatments:A Report of 13 Cases. LIU Hui, HU Lu-lu, WANG Yue-sen, CHEN Qing-li, FANG Chang, Parukejiang·Pataer, GONG Zhong-cheng 2018, 34(3): 278-281.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.016 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF (1874KB) ( 359 )   Objective: To analyze the reasons and the characteristics of postoperative severe complications for the failure treatment of condylar fracture, and to investigate the causes and appropriate precautionary methods for the condylar fracture surgical treatment. Methods: A total of 13 cases were collected, from January 2012 to November 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, and the reasons for complications and treatments were analyzed. Results: In these cases, there were 2 cases with postoperative infection, 5 cases with occlusion disorders, 4 cases with screws loosen, 1 case with plate broken, 9 cases with limitation of mouth opening, and 3 cases with facial asymmetrical deformity. The main reasons for the failure of treatment included: (1) insufficient preoperative evaluation; (2) improper internal fixation materials, methods and sites, inappropriate stress concentration; (3) rejection of short-term intermaxillary fixation; (4) the poor compliance of patients. Conclusion: It is important to master the principle and right methods of condylar fracture treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy Evaluation of Anterior Repositioning Splint in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Disc Intermittent Locking. SHI Tao,LI Yang,GUO Ying,XING Wen-zhong 2018, 34(3): 282-285.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.017 Abstract ( 318 )   PDF (1096KB) ( 446 )   Objective: To analyze the effects of anterior repositioning splint on temporomandibular joint with intermittent locking. Methods: Thirty-four patients with disc intermittent locking were included. All of these patients wore anterior repositioning splints for 6 months and 6 months follow-by observation. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Fricton’s craniomandibular index, and mandible movement function test were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the anterior repositioning splint on temporomandibular joint with intermittent locking. Result: After the treatment, the VAS and Fricton’s craniomandibular index were significant decreased. The painless maximum opening gradually increased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in protrusion excursion. The significant difference of lateral excursion was found and could be kept stable at the 3 and 6 months reexamination. Concluson: Anterior repositioning splint can be used as an effective way to treat patients with temporomandibular joint disc with intermittent locking. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Condylar Morphology and Position between Angle Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅱ Malocclusion in Adults. LU Xing-long, YANG Jian-hao, WANG Yi-peng, ZHANG Zhi-wei, CHEN Chang, ZHANG Yue-lan, CAI Liu-yi 2018, 34(3): 286-289.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.018 Abstract ( 254 )   PDF (1396KB) ( 431 )   Objective: To analyze and compare the difference of condylar morphology and position between Angle Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅱ malocclusion patients using cone-beam CT (CBCT). Methods: Nineteen ClassⅠ adults, 19 Class Ⅱ division 1 adults and 19 Class Ⅱ division 2 adults were selected in this study. Each patient underwent CBCT. The images in the oblique position perpendicular to the condyloid process were reconstructed by Invivo 5.0 (through Exam Vision software). The condylar morphology and position were measured by Invivio 5.0. The data were processed with SPSS 21.0 software package. Results: There were significant differences in the anterior joint space, in the posterior joint space, and in the depth of glenoid fossa among different malocclusion patients. The length of condyle were significant different between Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅱ division 1. Fifty percent of the condylloid process in Class Ⅰ was in the middle place. Fifty-five percent in Class Ⅱ division 1 and 84% in Class Ⅱ division 2 of the condylloid were in the posterior space. Conclusion: The anterior joint space is larger in Class Ⅱ than Class Ⅰ. The posterior joint space is the lowest in Class Ⅱ division 2 among three malocclusions. The condylloid is in the posterior space in Class Ⅱ. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on CBCT Data of TMJ and Anterior Teeth Occlusion in TMD Patients LI Jing, SHU Wei-na, LIU Hai-peng, HUI Xue-qin 2018, 34(3): 290-293.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.019 Abstract ( 275 )   PDF (1112KB) ( 215 )   Objective: To analyze the relationship between the position and morphology of condyle and anterior teeth occlusion by CBCT. Methods: The bilateral joint space and depth were measured to analyze the relationship between anterior teeth occlusion and TMD in 47 TMD patients using CBCT examination. Results: No significant changes were found in bilateral joint in all patients. There was close association between anterior teeth occlusion and condylar position, in which the condylar of overbite combined overjet patients and sole overjet patients were moved backward (P= 0.011 and P=0.0004). The incidence of osteoarthrosis was increased in patients whose anterior teeth occlusion was normal (P=0.005). Conclusion: The etiology of TMD is complex and multifactorial. Occlusal condition is just one factor. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Two Splints on Treating Temporomandibular Disorders. ZHANG Ying, FU Ce-guang, LU Jin-fen, ZHANG Qing-bin 2018, 34(3): 294-297.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.020 Abstract ( 304 )   PDF (1097KB) ( 519 )   Objective: To study the curative effect of two splint treatments on the symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. Methods: Forty temporomandibular patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, with the stabilization splint and the twin-block splint treatment. The patients’ pain index, the joint clicks and mouth degrees were collected: before treatment, treatment for 3 months, treatment for 6 months, and 1 year after treatment. The curative effect of two kinds of splints was compared. Results: The effect of stabilization splint on treating joint pain and limited mouth opening was better than that of twin-block (P<0.05). Twin-block splint on treating joint clicks was more effective than that of stabilization splint (P<0.05). Conclusion: Stabilization splint has good effect on the treatment of joint pain and limited mouth opening. Twin-block splint has good effect on the treatment of joint clicks. Two kinds of splints on treating temporomandibular disorders have different advantages and indications, respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Stabilization Splint on Remodeling of Condyle after Surgical Treatment with Temporomandibular Joint Disc Perforation. MIREGULI Tuersunjiang, LI Jian, LONG Xing, Ke Jin, MENG Qing-gong, CAI Heng-xing, WU Chun, XU Yu-li, RAN Ming, DENG Mo-hong 2018, 34(3): 298-301.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.021 Abstract ( 241 )   PDF (1212KB) ( 264 )   Objective: To explore the effect of stabilization splint on the remodeling of the condyle after surgical treatment with temporomandibular joint disc perforation. Methods: Thirty-five patients (50 sides) with temporomandibular joint disc perforation were divided into two groups: the observation group who underwent stabilization splint treatment after surgical repair and the control group who did not underwent stabilization splint treatment after surgical repair. 3, 6, 12-month follow-ups were taken to evaluate the remolding of the condyle with the cone beam CT (CBCT) and two groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance. Results: Reconstruction of the condyle was found in both groups. The reconstruction degree of the observation group was faster and higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: The treatment of stabilization splint can promote the remodeling of condyle after surgical treatment with temporomandibular joint disc perforation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diagnosis, Treatment, and Image Analysis of Condylar Osteochondroma. LING Bin, WANG Bin, SHAO Bo, GONG Zhong-cheng 2018, 34(3): 302-306.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.022 Abstract ( 303 )   PDF (1491KB) ( 546 )   Objective: To present a retrospective analysis of 6 cases of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle (operated between 2010 and 2017) with respect to age, gender, site of the pathology, treatment modality, and recurrence. Methods: Medical records of X-ray, computed tomography, or MRI scans of all histologically proven osteochondroma of mandibular condyle cases operated between 2010 and 2017 were retrieved and examined. The data were tabulated and analyzed. Results: There were 1 males and 5 females, with a right:left ratio of 2.3:1. Age range was 34 to 68 years with a mean of 54.6 years. Four of 6 were superomedial in location. Five patients were treated by conservative condylectomy, whereas 1 required total condylectomy. In all cases, a preauricular with extended temporal approach was used. In the follow-up period ranging from 1 year to 7 years, there was no recurrence. Conclusion: Gradual facial asymmetry over the years is the most striking feature. Both the conservative condylectomy and the total condylectomy are curative. If the tumors grow superior or superomedial to condyle without causing much deflection of mandible, only excision and automatic swing back of condyle to correct asymmetry is required. But if causing much deflection of mandible, gnathic correction after excision of tumor is required. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Condylar Hypoplasia and Temporomandibular Joint Disc Displacement without Reduction. LIU Yi-shu, LIU Mu-qing, LEI Jie, FU Kai-yuan 2018, 34(3): 307-310.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.023 Abstract ( 294 )   PDF (1744KB) ( 381 )   Objective: To explore the correlation between condylar hypoplasia and temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction. Methods: Clinical and imaging data of patients with unilateral condylar hypoplasia with no exact cause attending our hospital from March 2015 to March 2016 were collected. Their clinical data, CBCT, and MRI imaging results were analyzed. Results: Forty-two patients were included (9 males and 33 females), with the average age of 22.98 years old. Thiry-nine patients (92.86%) recalled TMD history, and 34 patients (80.95%) were detected signs of TMD. The hypoplastic condyle showed a statistically significant smaller in anteroposterior diameter, height of condylar head and condylar height by CBCT measurement compared with the contralateral condyles (P<0.001). MRI revealed the prevalence of disc displacement without reduction was significantly higher (P<0.001), and the degree of deformity and displacement of disc were more serious, in the hypoplastic condyle group than the contralateral side group. Conclusion: Disc displacement without reduction might be one of risk factors for acquired condylar hypoplasia. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Study of Pulse Radiofrequency in Temporomandibular Joint Cavity on Treating Temporomandibular Arthritis DENG Li, SUN Guang-ping, ZHANG Qing-Bin, ZHANG Ying, HE Xia 2018, 34(3): 311-313.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.024 Abstract ( 226 )   PDF (1038KB) ( 221 )   Objective: To observe the clinical effect of pulsed radiofrequency in the temporomandibular joint cavity on treating temporomandibular arthritis. Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed as temporomandibular arthritis in the hospital were included from March 2016 to December 2016. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, 25 patients in treatment group and 25 patients in control group. Patients in treatment group were treated with pulsed radiofrequency in the temporomandibular joint cavity while patients in control group were treated with the injection of triamcinolone acetonide in the temporomandibular joint cavity. The curative effect of two groups after the treatment was compared. Results: The VAS score and maximum mouth opening showed insignificant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The pulsed radiofrequency in the temporomandibular joint cavity is effective clinically with fewer complications and shows higher security. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Digital Guide Plate in Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis MA Wen , LI Yan-ni, HOU Min, FU Shuai, ZHANG Chang-bin, CUI Qing-ying, SONG Da-li, DAI ZHI, CHENG Jia-long, LIN Yang-yang, LI Ming 2018, 34(3): 314-318.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.025 Abstract ( 272 )   PDF (2877KB) ( 343 )   Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of Individual plate in the treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA)in patients using digital technology. Methods: According to CT data of patients, personalized plate was designed and printed which used software Mimics 19.0 (Materialise,Belgium) combined with Geomagic studio 2014 (Geomagic Inc , America), then osteotomy surgery was performed by the plate. Results: The digital technology for TMJA surgery not only guided the osteotomy, shortened the operation time and improved the accuracy of the operation, but also protected the important structure. Conclusion: Digital plate technology was an effective method for treatment of patients with TMJA. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Types of Bulk-fill Resin-based Composite on Gingival Adaption in Class Ⅱ Restorations. ZHANG Lei, CAO Pei-lin, PAN Yi-sha, CHEN Rui-tian, ZOU Jia-yuan, ZHAO Xiao-e, WANG Zheng-zhi, CHEN Zhi 2018, 34(3): 319-322.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.026 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (1143KB) ( 302 )   Objective: To investigate the effects of bulk-fill resin-based composite type on gingival adaption of class Ⅱ cavities. Methods: Twenty-eight extracted human third molars were collected. Two class Ⅱ cavites (2x3x4 mm) were prepared on mesial and distal surfaces of each tooth. Class Ⅱ cavities were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=8), and the cavities were restored by 2 low viscosity, 3 high viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites or 2 conventional resin-based composites, respectively. Acoustic emission (AE) signals were recorded from the beginning of light-curing of resin composite and lasted for 1000 s. The percentage of microleakage formation (M%) were calculated using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Data obtained from AE and OCT were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: Two low viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites generated significantly less AE events (15.7; 17.6) and lower M% (16.1; 14.1) (P<0.05). Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.941 between AE test and OCT (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The low-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites demonstrate better internal adaption in class Ⅱ resotorations. AE and OCT can be used to assess the marginal integrity of resin composites. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of LP-17 on Porphyromonasgingivalis Lipopolysaccharide Caused Periodontitis. KE Xiao-jing, LEI Lang, YAN Fu-hua 2018, 34(3): 323-326.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.027 Abstract ( 324 )   PDF (2172KB) ( 292 )   Objective: To explore the effect of LP-17, an inhibitor of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) on porphyromonasgingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis-LPS) induced periodontitis in mice. Methods: P. gingivalis-LPS was injected into maxillary second molar sulcus of C57BL/6 mice to construct experimental periodontitis model. Mice were treated with LP-17 peptides by intraperitoneal injection every day, and PBS was set as the control. After 14 days, all mice were sacrificed. Micro-CT was used to measure the alveolar bone absorption. HE staining was used to assess pathological alteration and TRAP staining was used to detect osteoclasts in periodontium. In addition, the expression of TREM-1 was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: P. gingivalis-LPS induced experimental periodontitis in mice. LP-17 reduced the degree of collagen fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, LP-17 inhibited the expression of TREM-1 in periodontal tissue. Furthermore, LP-17 treatment notably decreased the number of osteoclasts and alveolar bone absorption. Conclusion: LP-17 peptides alleviated the inflammatory response in periodontal tissue, thus arrested the progress of periodontitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation Analysis of Chin Fractures and Mandibular Canine Eruption in Children. YANG Liu-xiaoxi, LI Zu-bing* 2018, 34(3): 327-331.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.028 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (1282KB) ( 202 )   Objective: To explore the characteristics of chin fractures and the association between the eruption of mandibular canines and the chin fractures in children through the investigation of fracture line position in the chin fracture before and after the eruption of the mandibular canine in children, retrospectively. Methods: Eighty children (age≤12 years old) were collected who were suffered chin fracture (or combined fracture of other parts) from May 2012 to May 2016 in Stomatological Hospital of Wuhan University. The association between the fracture line position and canine tooth germs, median joint, mental foramen was defined by radiological information. The prognosis after operation was recorded. All data were accurately and analyzed using statistical software. Results: A total of 80 children were enrolled in this study, including 57 men and 23 women, with a sex ratio of 2.47:1. The main cause of the injury was inadvertent fall (51.2%). 66.17% of the fracture lines in the non-erupted mandibular canine were on the canine tooth germ, and only 16.67% of the fracture line in the eruption of the canine on the canine. There was statistically significant difference between groups of fracture line in the canine tooth germ and after the eruption of mandibular canine(P=0.003<0.05). There was not statistically significant difference between surgery groups and conservative group (P=1.000). Conclusion: Boys are more likely to have chin fractures than girls. The most important reason is the inadvertent fall. The fracture line of children's chin fracture will change with the eruption of the mandibular canine. If the mandibular canine is not erupted, the fracture will easily occur near the canine tooth germ. However, the fracture was not easily to occur near the canine after the mandibular canine eruption. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Pregnancy on TMJ Nociception in Rats Mikhail Umorin, Larry L. Bellinger, Phillip R. Kramer 2018, 34(3): 332-338.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.03.029 Abstract ( 207 )   PDF (3289KB) ( 145 )   Objective: Does TMJ nociception, as measured by a behavioral assay, differ during pregnancy, potentially due to the effect of sex steroids? Methods: Thirty-two Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated to either mid- (E11) or late- (E17) pregnancy groups. The animals within each group were further allocated to a saline or CFA treatment. At E11 or E17, the animals were injected bilaterally into TMJ with either saline (15 μL) or 1 μg/ μL CFA (15 μL). Nociception was measured with a feeding assay (pellet recording) and analyzed by comparing intra-meal rates using a distance-based permutation method. Results: CFA injection resulted in the animals eating longer in both the mid-pregnant and late-pregnant groups. Plasma estradiol was higher in the late-pregnant group versus the mid-pregnant group. Importantly, the CFA injected late-pregnant group ate for a shorter amount of time (i.e., shorter meal rate) than the CFA injected rats at mid-pregnancy. Conclusion: The reduced nociceptive response (shorter meal rate) in the CFA injected late-pregnant group may be due to greater estradiol versus the CFA injected mid-pregnancy rats. Thus, one potential reason why women report fewer TMJ symptoms during pregnancy is the higher level of circulating estradiol. References | Related Articles | Metrics