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Effects of Static Magnetic Field at Different Intensity on Proliferation and Differentiation of Osteoblast Cells. YU Yi-jun , SUN Wei-bin , REN Shuang-shuang , LIU Chao , MIAO Lei-ying 2016, 32(9): 893-896.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.001 Abstract ( 375 )   PDF (976KB) ( 331 )   Objective: To observe the effects of different intensity static magnetic fields (SMFs) on the proliferation and differentiation of rat osteoblast cells. Methods: Rat calvarias osteoblasts were cultured and incubated in the SMFs of 0Gs, 300Gs, 1400Gs and 2000Gs. CCK-8 method was used to detect osteoblast proliferation at day 1, 3, 5 and 7. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the cell cycle of osteoblasts under different intensity magnetic fields. Expressions of osteogenic marker genes like OPN and Runx2 were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The proliferation of osteoblasts exposed to 300Gs SMF for 7 days increased obviously with significant difference as compared with 0Gs group (P<0.05). Moreover, after magnetic exposure with intensity of 300Gs, G0/G1 phase percentage decreased, with S phase and G2 phase percentage significantly increased as compared with the control. The expression of OPN and Runx2 in osteoblast exposure to 300Gs and 2000Gs were significantly higher than the control group, which suggested that magnetic field of intensity of 300Gs had the ability to induce osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts. Conclusion: Static magnetic field of intensity of 300Gs could increase the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Protective Effect of Human β-defensin-3 on the Progression of Periodontitis LI Li-li, CHEN Bin, CUI Di, JIANG Su, YAN Fu-hua 2016, 32(9): 897-901.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.002 Abstract ( 377 )   PDF (1350KB) ( 351 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of human β-defensin-3 on the progression of periodontitis. Methods: Periodontitis models in mice were established through ligating the maxillary second molar with 5-0 silk thread. Mice in the experimental group were given human β-defensin-3 intraperitoneally with a dose of 100μg/kg. Mice with or without ligation were given phosphate buffer solution intraperitoneally as the control. Eight weeks later, the maxilla of each mouse was harvested and detected by Micro-CT scanning, HE staining, TRAP staining, and immunostaining. Results: Human β-defensin-3 reduced the alveolar bone loss and the number of osteoclast in alveolar bone. In addition, human β-defensin-3 alleviated the pathologic changes including thickened spinous layer, hyperplastic epithelial spikes, inflammatory cell infiltration, denatured and broken collagen fibers caused by ligation. Furthermore, lower IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α expressions were observed in mice treated with human β-defensin-3. Conclusion: Human β-defensin-3 alleviates the inflammation and destruction in periodontal tissue, thus slowing down the progress of periodontitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Obtain the Transgenic Cucumber of the Fusion Gene of Region A of PAc Gene of Streptococcus mutans and B Subunit of Cholera Toxin WU Jia-yuan , LIU Jian-guo , MA Xin-rong , HONG Xiang-zhong , WU Zhi-gang , ZHANG Jiang , LIANG Wen-hong 2016, 32(9): 902-906.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.003 Abstract ( 377 )   PDF (939KB) ( 236 )   Objective: To establish cucumber regeneration system, for the fusion gene of region A of pac gene of S.muant and B subunit of cholera toxin so as to provide useful information for further study of edible vaccine against caries. Methods: The plasmid pCAMBIA2301 was used to construct the recombinant plant expression plasmids p2355-PAcA-CTB. The recombinant plasmids were transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 by electroporation. Cucumber was transformed by co-cultivating leaf discs with Agrobacterium strains harboring p2355-PAcA-CTB. The regenerated kanamycin-resistant plants were analyzed by PCR and Southern blot. Results: The regenerated transgenic cucumber system was obtained successfully. The results of PCR and Southern blot indicated that the fusion gene of streptococcus mutans A region and the CTB B submit (PAcA-ctxB) was integrated into the genomic DNA of the cucumber. Conclusion: Transgenic cucumbers carrying the fusion gene of streptococcus mutans A region and the CTB B submit were obtained. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Performance of Root Canal Sealing Agent Modified by Polyhexamethylene Guanidine JIA Mei-e , NAI Zheng-gang , LIN Jun , XIE Si-yu , ZHANG Xue-chen , REN Jun , HE Xiang-yi 2016, 32(9): 907-911.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.004 Abstract ( 266 )   PDF (1291KB) ( 276 )   Objective: To prepare and screen the PHMG modified root canal sealing agent which was in accordance with ISO 6876:2001 standard and study its physical properties and antimicrobial activity. Methods: The physical properties of the root canal sealing agents with different PHMG concentrations were measured according to ISO 6876:6876 rules using ZOE paste as control. The ager diffusion test was employed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of the materials against the following microbes: E. faecalis, C. albicans, E. Coli and S. aureus in vitro. Results: The liquidity, setting time, film thickness and solubility of eleven samples met the ISO 6876:2001 standard. However, only in the group which the concentration of PHMG was 0.8% to 2.0%, the dimensional change met the ISO 6876:2001 standard. The antimicrobial activity of the PHMG modified root canal sealing agent was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Modified PHMG was prepared and met the ISO standard. The root canal sealing agents with the PHMG concentrations between 0.8% and 1.2% showed the best performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ginkgo Biloba Extract Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Pathway Involving P38 MAPK Signaling Pathway SHI Shu-man , YUAN Hao-tian , ZHANG Xiao-xiao , WU Zhe 2016, 32(9): 912-915.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.005 Abstract ( 299 )   PDF (1061KB) ( 293 )   Objective: To reveal the mechanism of GBE promoting osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs. Methods: 150mg/L GBE was applied to the third generation of rat BMSCs, while the inhibitor group underwent a pretreatment of SB203580, which was the specific inhibitor of P38 MAPK signaling pathway. The results were evaluated by ARS dye, ALP activity assay and RT-PCR. Results: Statistically significant difference was found between the control group and the inhibitor group. In the inhibitor group, extracellular calcium deposition, ALP activity and the expression of osteogenic-related genes including ALP, BMP-2, OCN and Runx2 were lower than the control group. Conclusion: GBE promoted osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs by upregulating the P38 MAPK signaling pathway. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of rhTNFR:Fc on the Osseointegration of Peri-implantitis in Rabbit Model MA Guo-wu , ZHENG Sheng 2016, 32(9): 916-919.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.006 Abstract ( 322 )   PDF (944KB) ( 256 )   Objective: To evaluate the effect of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor FC fusion protein (rhTNFR:Fc) on the osseointegration of non-surgical treatment peri-implantitis in a rabbit model. Methods: Twelve male adult rabbits were randomly chosen and divided into experimental group and control group. Peri-implantitis of micro implant in rabbit model was induced by securing silk ligatures around the implants in mandibular toothless alveolar for 8 weeks. Experimental group received rhTNFR:Fc (1.1mg/kg daily for 1 week) and control group received saline. Immunohistochemistry was applied to measure the TNF-α level after the application of rhTNFR:Fc; Cone beam CT and McNeal's staining were applied to evaluate the bone resorption and bone repair at the Implant-Bone interface. Results: Compared to control group, TNF-α in experimental group was significantly lower (P<0.05); Bone resorption was significantly decreased after application of rhTNFR:Fc. Conclusion: rhTNFR:Fc reduced tumour necrosis factor level and might contribute to the osseointegration of peri-implantitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Room Curing PMMA Added Nano-silver Base Inorganic Antibacterial Agent on Reproductive System of Male Mice WANG Yu-feng , ZHANG Ci-tong , YAN Tong-tong , SHI Jin-xian , SUN Shi-qun , WANG Xiao-rong 2016, 32(9): 920-924.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.007 Abstract ( 255 )   PDF (954KB) ( 265 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of room temperature curing polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) material with the addition of 2% nano-silver base inorganic antibacterial agent on reproductive system of male mice. Methods: The male kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups, and were killed after animal models were established. The body weight growth rate and the testis tissue coefficient were calculated, and the pathological changes of testis were observed. The rate of sperm motility was detected. The rate of count and abnormal rate were also calculated. The spermatogonium sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test and primary spermatocyte chromosome aberration test were undertaken respectively to detect the effect of room curing polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) material added 2% nano-silver base inorganic antibacterial agent on the chromosome of spermatogonium and primary spermatocyte. Results: There was no significant effect of room temperature curing PMMA added 2% nano-silver base inorganic antibacterial agent on the growth rate of body weight and testicular organ coefficient, sperm count, sperm motility and abnormal sperm rate. Testis pathological sections between the experiment groups and negative group were not obvious different. The significant effect of room temperature curing PMMA added 2% nano-silver base inorganic antibacterial agent on the chromosome of primary spermatocyte was not found. There were no significant differences in SCE frequency between experimental groups and the negative group. Conclusion: Room temperature curing PMMA material added 2% nano-silver base inorganic antibacterial agent has no significant effect on reproductive system of male mice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Study of Shaping Ability between ProTaper Next and WaveOne ZHAN Yun-yan, YANG Guo-bin 2016, 32(9): 925-928.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.008 Abstract ( 350 )   PDF (856KB) ( 228 )   Objective: To compare the shaping ability of ProTaper Next and WaveOne in simulated resin root canals. Methods: Forty standard simulated resin root canals were randomly assigned to two groups, one group for ProTaper Next and the other group for WaveOne with crown-down techniques. After preparation, the change of root canal arch radius and curvature and the amount of resin removed at the inner and outer canal wall at different measuring points were measured with Image Pro Plus 5.0. The total amount of resin removed was also assessed. At the same time, change of working length and instruments failure were recorded. Results: Both instrument systems could well maintain the working length and original root canal shape. However, the canals prepared with WaveOne showed higher transportation at the apical part. Conclusion: Compared with WaveOne, ProTaper Next showed better shaping ability, especially in the apical part of severely curved canals. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bibliometrics Analysis of Dental Trauma in China LIU Fei , MA Jing , GUO Qing-yu , DANG Yong-hui 2016, 32(9): 929-932.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.009 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF (783KB) ( 284 )   Objective: To review and analyze the literature on dental trauma in China. Methods: We searched in CNKI database using "dental trauma" as keywords in both Chinese and English from 2000-01-01 to 2014-12-31. Journals included in this study were 19 CSTPCD journals in CNKI 2014. Results: There were 294 articles in total, 19.6 per year, which were included and analyzed in the present study. Two hundred and forty-one articles were clinical research and 94.6% of them were focused on permanent tooth trauma. Only 9.18% of the clinical articles were supported by funds. Conclusion: Clinical research in China on dental trauma had obvious potentialities. However, problems such as regional disparity, inadequate attention to primary tooth trauma and insufficient funding support also existed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Establishment of Cleft Palate Speech Articulation Scale of Uyghur Words Julaiti·Tuerxun, Adilijiang·Saimaiti, Adili·Moming 2016, 32(9): 933-936.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.010 Abstract ( 263 )   PDF (852KB) ( 265 )   Objective: To establish an articulation scaling system for Uyghur language, and on the base of which to lay a foundation for articulation treatment of Uyghur cleft palate postoperative patients who suffer from articulation disorders. Methods: Normal Uyghur speech articulation scale was made according to the acoustic characteristics and morphological characteristics of normal Uyghur. The words were read by 31 Uyghur cleft palate postoperative patients and normal Uyghur people. Meanwhile their voices were recorded into the computer. Two judgers scored the articulations of the recordings. An articulation scaling system was finally established taking into consideration both the characteristics of cleft palate speech and features of Uyghur language. Results: Uyghur acoustic features of Uyghur cleft palate patients were summarized, and an articulation scaling system was firstly established. Conclusion: The articulation scaling system laid a theoretical foundation for articulation treatment of Uyghur cleft palate postoperative patients, provided necessary references for speech pathology research, and initiated studies on Uyghur speech pathology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation on Apical Morphology of Mandibular First Molar Using Micro-computed Tomography Yi , HE Miao , LU Guan-fan 2016, 32(9): 937-940.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.011 Abstract ( 220 )   PDF (838KB) ( 275 )   Objective: To investigate the apical morphology of the mandibular first molar in Chinese population using micro-computed tomographic technique. Methods: A total of 152 mandibular first molars were scanned by micro-competed tomography with the resolution of 30 μm. The 3-dimensional (3D) images of all specimens in apical 5mm of the roots were reconstructed. The numbers of roots and root canal, the numbers of apical foramina and lateral/accessory foramina, the prevalence and types of isthmus were recorded. Results: The incidence of two separated roots of the first molars was 94.08%. The incidence of three separated roots was 61.84%. The percentage of two apical foramina in the mesial roots was 60.91%. The percentage of lateral/accessory foramina was 37.27% in the mesial roots and was 33.01% in the distal roots. The incidence of root canal isthmus was 73.68%. Type IV in isthmuses was the most common configurations. Conclusion: The apical canal configuration of mandibular first molars was complicated and should be taken into account during nonsurgical and surgical endodontic procedures. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Treatment of Aggressive Fibromatosis in Head and Neck Region CAO Jun, SUN Guo-wen , ZHU Feng 2016, 32(9): 941-943.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.012 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (837KB) ( 251 )   Objective: To evaluate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of aggressive fibromatosis in head and neck region. Methods: Patients with aggressive fibromatosis in head and neck region from 2001 to 2014 were treated by operation and retrospectively studied in our department. Results: According to the diagnostic criteria of WHO in 2005, 9 cases of patients with aggressive fibromatosis occurred in head and neck region. So far, 3 cases relapsed. Conclusion: The head and neck structures were complex and operation space was limited. The recommended safe margin was 0.5~1 cm. For patients with complete resection, the prognosis was satisfactory, but tumor recurrence might still exist. If the lesions were adjacent to the important anatomic structure, partial resection combined with postoperative radiotherapy was suggested, and the long-term curative effect needed to be further investigated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A New Method for Minimally Invasive Apical Surgery with the Aid of Three-dimensional Printed Template YANG Xue-chao , ZHAO Shi-yong, JIANG Qian-zhou, YE Shang-zhu 2016, 32(9): 944-948.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.013 Abstract ( 426 )   PDF (1022KB) ( 579 )   Objective: To evaluate the application effect of digital preoperative diagnosis, planning, 3D printing technology and related surgical template. Methods: A patient suffered from the failure of root canal therapy was chosen. An open position cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) before the surgery was made. A model was fabricated following the step of silicone rubber impression manufacture and model pouring. Surface scan was performed and matched using software. A virtual template was designed using software, and the data were exported as a .STL file and sent to a 3D printer for template fabrication. The minimally invasive apical surgery was then performed with the pre-made 3D printing template. Results: The periapical pathological tissue was removed accurately with minimum lesion to osseous tissue. The operation time was reduced and the patient’s satisfaction and comfort were improved. Conclusion: The digital technology and the 3D printing template used in this case were visualize and accurate, which accelerated the clinical procedure of treating apical periodontitis and thus lowered the technique sensitivity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expressions of miR-146a in Patients with Orallichen Planus and Its Correlation with IRAK1 and TRAF6 ZHOU Hui , TANG Xin-yi , GUO Yan 2016, 32(9): 949-952.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.014 Abstract ( 269 )   PDF (1048KB) ( 297 )   Objective: To investigate the expression of miR-146a in peripheral blood and tissues of patients with oral lichen planus. Methods: Ninety-three patients with orallichen planus (OLP) were selected, including 53 cases of non-erosive type and 40 cases of erosive type. The expressions of miR-146a, IRAK1 and TRAF6 in peripheral blood and tissues were detected using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The correlations between expressions of miR-146a, IRAK1 and TRAF6 were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The relative expression levels of miR-146a in plasma and tissues of OLP were higher than those in healthy persons, while the relative expression levels of IRAK1 mRNA and TRAF6 mRNA in plasma and tissues of OLP were lower than those in healthy persons, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The relative expression levels of miR-146a in plasma and tissues of erosive type OLP were higher than those in non-erosive type OLP, while the relative expression levels of IRAK1 mRNA and TRAF6 mRNA were lower than those in non-erosive type OLP, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expressions of miR-146a in peripheral blood and tissues of OLP were related with the degree of the lesion. It might be involved in OLP immune inflammatory response through repressing IRAK1 and TRAF6. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stress of Post and Core with Different Sizes and Materials in Restoring Anterior Tooth with Flared Canals WANG Pin, FAN Li-yuan, XIE Cui-liu, LIU Min 2016, 32(9): 953-956.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.015 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF (1015KB) ( 412 )   Objectives: To assess the stress of post and cores with different sizes and materials in restoring anterior teeth with flared canals. Methods: Nine 3D models of maxillary first incisors with flared canals restored by two post groups were generated. Group A is restored with preformed posts. Group B is restored with anatomic posts. The model of a quartz fiber post combined with just one auxiliary post is the control one for group A and B. Each model was loaded occlusal force of 100 N on the palatal surface of the crowns at 135 degree angles to the long axis of the tooth. The stresses in the dentin, in the cement, in the post and in the core were analyzed. Results: There was an inverse correlation between the stress of dentin and the volume of the posts. It was failed to establish a correlation between the stress of dentin and the modulus of elasticity of the post and core. The stress of the post and core had an inverse correlation with its modulus of elasticity. Conclusion: It is suggested to restore the tooth with flared canals by larger size posts, such as anatomic one. The post and core are more easy to drop off with larger modulus of elasticity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the Timing of Treatment for Heavy Caries in Children with Different Ages LU Yang , LIU Ai-bing , YUAN Zheng , ZHENG Meng-ya 2016, 32(9): 957-960.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.016 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF (787KB) ( 322 )   Objective: To investigate the effects of treatment at acute or non-acute period on the dental anxiety in children with different ages, and to improve the behavior management of children with dental anxiety. Methods: One hundred and ninety-two children aged 3-7 years with primary molars caries were divided averagely into 4 groups, 2 experimental groups (with acute symptom) and 2 control groups (with non-acute symptom) on their first visiting. The change of the children fear was assessed before the first treatment, after the first treatment, and subsequent visit by CFSS-DS. The change of children's clinical behavior was evaluated in their first and return visit by Venham Clinical Anxiety and Cooperation Behavior Measurement Scale. Results: Before and after the treatment, the CFSS-DS average scores of the experimental group were statistical significance (P<0.05), which was not statistical different from the control group. On their first and return visit, the behavior of the experimental group was statistical different (P<0.05) by Venham Clinical Anxiety and Cooperation Behavior Measurement Scale, however, there was not statistical difference in the control group. Conclusion: Children dental anxiety could be stabilized and improved by proper treatment, and the improvement of the patients who took treatment during the acute stage was more remarkable. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ten Cases of Henoch Schonlein Purpura in Children with Toothache as the First Symptom ZHONG Wen-yi , LI Tong-huan , XIANG Wen-an , LIU Lai-zhen , LIU Er-ni , LAN Chun , LIU Jiang-guo 2016, 32(9): 961-963.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.017 Abstract ( 295 )   PDF (802KB) ( 241 )   Objective: To summarize the clinical features and therapeutic experience of Henoch Schonlein purpura in children with toothache as the first symptom. Methods: Clinical data of 10 cases acute periapical periodontitis complicated by Henoch Schonlein purpura in children were analyzed in Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical College from January 2010 to June 2015. Results: Ten patients all received dental treatment. Among them 9 cases were hospitalized once and cured, while 1 case was hospitalized twice because of the periapical periodontitis in the remaining teeth. Conclusion: As the first symptom of HSP, toothache can lead to the misdiagnosis which usually fails to cause the vigilance of the Department of Stomatology or pediatricians. Therefore, solid basic skills in clinic and strengthened discipline cooperation are conducive to early detection and treatment of HSP. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Er:YAG Laser Irradiation on Surface Morphology and Roughness of Tooth Roots LI Jin-huan, QUE Guo-ying , LIU Zhi, DENG Jin-xia, LI Lu, SU Da, LIU Ting-ting 2016, 32(9): 964-968.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.018 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (986KB) ( 280 )   Objective: To investigate effects of Er:YAG laser irradiation with different radiation energies and times on the root surface morphology and roughness. Methods: Forty-five extracted teeth due to periodontitis were collected. The tooth roots below the cemento-enamel junction were cut into small pieces (5mm×5mm×2mm). They were randomly divided into 9 groups. The first group only received SRP, and other 8 groups received different parameters Er:YAG laser irridiation after SRP. Then the mean roughness (Ra) was measured and the morphology of root surfaces was observed. Results: After SRP or SRP＋Er:YAG laser, Ra was decreased obviously (P<0.05). The Er:YAG laser increased the Ra significantly than the only scaling group (P<0.05). With the increase of pulse energy and irradiation time, the root surface roughness increased. There was no significant difference among 80mJ/pulse, 120mJ/pulse, and 160mJ/pulse. The difference between 30s and 60s groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The root surface after SRP was smoother with smear layer. Conclusion: SRP and SRP+Er:YAG can decrease the roughness of tooth root. Er:YAG laser can remove the smear layer of root surface and leave a uniform rough surface. Root surface roughness was positively correlated with the exposure time. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dental Anxiety in Older Age Children: an Association with Their Parents’ Dental Anxiety and Effective Children Pain Coping Strategies XIA Ke-wei , QIAN Hong , HUANG Qun 2016, 32(9): 969-972.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.019 Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (788KB) ( 241 )   Objective: To studythe dental anxiety in older age children and their parents with effective methods, and to evaluate the children pain coping strategies in the dental treatment. Methods: The Corah Dental Anxiety Questionnaire (CDAS) was used to study the dental anxiety in 102 older age children and their parents, and the Dental Cope Questionnaire(DCQ) were evaluated these children' pain coping strategies in the dental treatment. Results: The parents' dental anxiety was related with their children' (r=0.998,P=0.002). The mothers' dental anxiety would influencetheir children'(β=0.991, P=0.000, R2=0.892), and the fathers' also affected their children'(β=0.943, P=0.000, R2=0.888). The older age children with dental anxiety more commonly used internal strategies to cope the pain in dental treatment, but the most effective pain coping strategies were external strategies. Conclusion: Parents' anxiety was related with their older age children'. The results of this research can help to develop interventions, to prevent and reduce dental anxiety in children. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 on MC3T3-E1 Osteoblasts in High Glucose Condition SUN Long,HOU Yu-dong ,XUE Peng-fei,HOU Xiao-qing 2016, 32(9): 973-977.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.020 Abstract ( 257 )   PDF (1044KB) ( 252 )   Objective: To investigate the effects of bone morphogenetic protein7(BMP7) on biological properties of osteoblasts in high glucose circumstance. Methods: MC3T3-E1 Sub-clone 14 cells were cultured and divided into four groups according to the different culture medium:normal glucose concentration of 5.5 mmol/L;normal glucose concentration of 5.5 mmol/L and BMP7 (100 μg/L); high glucose concentration of 25 mmol/L;high glucose concentration of 25 mmol/L and BMP7(100 μg/L),respectively. The cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay 1d,3d,5d and 7d after exposure. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was used to detect the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The Alizarinred dye wasused to observe the number of calcium nodes at 21d. The F-actin cytoskeleton of MC3T3-E1 was stained with Rhodamine,then examined under a confocal laser scanning microscope 24h after exposure to BMP7. The mRNA expressions of ALP, osteocalcin(OCN) and Runx2 were quantified by real-time PCR(RT-qPCR) 48h after exposure to BMP7. Results: The MTT, ALP assays showed that high glucose(25mmol/L) inhibited MC3T3-E1 proliferation and ALP activity(P＜0.05),also decreased mRNA expression of ALP, OCN and Runx2,the addition of BMP7 significantly increased ALP, OCN and Runx2 expression. In the cells exposed to high glucose, F-actin cytosksleton started to change with disruptive structures. Conclusion: High glucose concentration significantly inhibited the proliferation andALP activity,destroyed F-actin cytoskeleton structure,and inhibited the expression of osteoblasticgene. BMP7 could promote the cell mineralization under such high glucose concentration environment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Study on Coral Hydroxyapatite Combined with Biological Collagen Material in Socket Preservation LIU Ying, LIU Ke-li, GAO Xiao, XUE Xiao-fang, WANG Qing, SUN Xing-kun, YUAN Ming-zhi, WANG Li-jun 2016, 32(9): 978-982.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.021 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (1084KB) ( 365 )   Objective: To study the clinical effect of coral hydroxyapatite combined with biological collagen material in socket preservation. Methods: Thirty patients were assigned into two groups in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Experimental group: socket preservation with coral hydroxyapatite combined with biological collagen material in the extraction socket. Control group: conventional treatment after tooth extraction. All the patients came back after 6 months since tooth extraction, and the height and width of the alveolar ridge were measured to observe the socket healing condition. The t-test was used to analyze the variations between the experimental group and the control group. Results: In the experimental group, the gingival color and shape were in coordination with the adjacent tooth. Whereas the control group showed alveolar ridge absorption and atrophy with decreased height and notably narrowed width. The mean value changes of alveolar ridge height, width and gingival were statistically significant different between two groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Coral hydroxyapatite combined with biological collagen material can preserve the bone quantity after tooth extraction for implant prosthesis and they were suitable materials for socket preservation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of Long Non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 and Its Clinicopathologic Significance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma FU Cong , ZHANG Xing-wei 2016, 32(9): 983-986.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.022 Abstract ( 248 )   PDF (791KB) ( 337 )   Objective: To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) (actin filament-associated protein 1-antisense RNA1, AFAP1-AS1) and its association with clinicopathologic features in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: The expression of AFAP1-AS1 was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in 75 tumor tissues of OSCC patients and matched adjacent tissues. The correlation between AFAP1-AS1 expression and clinicopathologic features of OSCC patients was analyzed. LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 siRNA was transfected into Tca8113 cells, and CCK-8 kit was used to detect the cell proliferation. Results: The relative expression levels of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 in OSCC tissues were 5.16 times of that in adjacent normal tissues (P＜0.01). High AFAP1-AS1 expression was associated with cell differentiation, lymphatic metastasis and pathological stage of OSCC (P＜0.05). Furthermore, inhibition of AFAP1-AS1 expression suppressed the proliferation of human tongue carcinoma Tca8113 cells (P＜0.01). Conclusion: Up-regulation of AFAP1-AS1 in tumor tissue might act as an oncogene and promote the development of OSCC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Treatment of Pregnancy Epulis by Combination of Ligating and High Frequence Micro Electrotome: Analysis of 69 Cases WU Jie, ZHU Wei-jian 2016, 32(9): 987-989.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.023 Abstract ( 322 )   PDF (765KB) ( 353 )   Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of combined treatments of ligating and electrotome on pregnacny epulis. Methods: A total of 69 pregnant women with pregnancy epulis were included in this study. According to the volume, the epulis was divided into solitary and multiple types. Treatment included combination of ligating therapy which contained pedicle ligation, segmenting ligation, suspension ligation, and micro electrotome resection. Results: All 69 cases gained different therapeutic effects. Cure rates in solitary and multiple types were 94.44% and 73.33%, respectively, and improvement rates were 5.56% and 26.67%, respectively. There was significant difference in treatment effect between two types of pregnancy epulis (P=0.003). Conclusion: It is a minimal invasive and safe treatment to ligate the epulis which reduces the blood supply and thus decreases the volume of epulis, followed by micro electrotome resection. The two therapies show a synergistic effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mandibular Second Molar with Three Mesial Canals:A Case Report REN Shuang-shuang , YU Yi-jun , MIAO Lei-ying 2016, 32(9): 990-991.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.024 Abstract ( 399 )   PDF (901KB) ( 327 )   This case report presents a mandibular second molar with 3 mesial canals and 2 distal canals. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Case Report: Clinical Investigation and Pathology on a Case of Hereditary Dentine Dysplasia of Deciduous and Permanent Teeth XU Shan-shan , YU Yan-jun , LIU Qi-lin , HU Rong-rong , SUN Hong-chen , CHEN Yuan-ping 2016, 32(9): 992-993.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.025 Abstract ( 307 )   PDF (830KB) ( 221 )   Dentin dysplasia type I (DD-I) is a very rare autosomal dominant disease which exhibits dentine abnormal development. This paper reports a case of dentin dysplasia of primary and permanent teeth. The diagnosis was confirmed through the clinical, imaging and histopathological examinations, the changes in permanent teeth eruption were observed by regular follow-up, and the discussion was performed with combined the related literature. All of these provided data for further studies on this disease. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Probiotics and Antimicrobial Peptides in Caries Prevention WANG zhen-zhen,YU Zhan-hai,LV Wei,ZHOU Jian-ye,HU Xiao-pan,Jiao Kang-li,LI Zhi-qiang 2016, 32(9): 994-996.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.026 Abstract ( 280 )   PDF (785KB) ( 391 )   Dental caries, the most common bacterial diseases for mankind, is oral chronic infection disease that under the combined action of various factors to bacterial factors and is characterized by oral microbial ecology imbalance. Because dental plaque is prerequisites of caries, at present, the focus of dental caries prevention is still concentrated in removing dental plaque that is composed of a large number of symbiotic microorganisms actually. Therefore, an idea to "remove or kill" all the microorganisms in dental plaque oppositely creates an open and non-competitive environment for pathogenic microorganisms. People gradually realize that the traditional method of prevention or treatment of dental caries is unable to fundamentally solve not reversible tooth tissue damage and bacterial resistance. Probiotics and antimicrobial peptide are present at the right moment. They regulate the oral microbial ecology balance through the inhibition of toxic effects of oral pathogenic bacteria. Now, it has become the new method to prevent and treat dental caries. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Osteoinduction by Hyalronic Acid Scaffold XIAO Fang,LIU Yi,XU Gao-li,HUO Guang 2016, 32(9): 997-999.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.09.027 Abstract ( 354 )   PDF (779KB) ( 406 )   Hyalronic acid (HA) with good physical properties including biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and plasticity is used as the base material of growth factor to help repairing tissue and is considered to be an ideal scaffold material of osteoindunction. This article introduces relevant experiments about HA inducing and producing bone tissue, gives some explanations about the mechanism both in vivo and vitro, and looks forward to the future research. References | Related Articles | Metrics