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Effects of Cytochalasin B on Function and Actin Cytoskeleton of Goat Temporomandibular Joint Disc Cells. ZHANG Wen-xia, KANG Hong, LV Wei, LI Yan-mei, ZHONG Ni, BAO Guang-jie 2016, 32(8): 775-779.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.001 Abstract ( 420 )   Objective: To investigate the relationship between cytoskeletal integrity and the functional changes of temporomandibular join disc cells by cytochalasin B(CB). Methods: Taking cell proliferation and morphology as evaluating parameters, different concentrations of CB were added to TMJ disc cells to get an optimal working concentration. Cells exposing to the optimal concentration of CB, apoptosis, adhesion and actin were observed. Results: CB of 2 μmol/L obviously inhibited the proliferative activity of TMJ disc cells. However, as the culturing went on, the inhibition rate significantly reduced. No effect was observed with regard to cell apoptosis. The TMJ disc cell adhesion rate reduced. Compare with the control group, cells gradually lost ecptomas in the treatment group, becoming smoother; actin filaments obviously fractured and fluorescence intensity decreased. Moreover, actin mRNA expression reduced. Conclusion: CB may inhibit TMJ disc cell morphology and function by destroying the structure of actin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Mechanical Injury on the Expression of Notch Signaling and Apoptosis in Odontoblasts of Mouse Incisor. YIN Qiu-rong, WANG Sheng-chao, LUO Ying, TONG Juan, HU Yi 2016, 32(8): 780-784.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.002 Abstract ( 351 )   Objective: To investigate Notch expression and apoptosis in odontoblasts of mouse incisor after mechanical injury. Methods: Dental mechanical injury model was established through the cavity preparation on the mandibular incisor of mice. The expressions of Notch1 and Notch2 in the odontoblasts were observed by immunohistochemical staining, and apoptosis of the odontoblasts was observed by TUNEL staining. Results: The expression of Notch in odontoblasts were activated by mechanical injury and showed a dynamic change. One day after injury, the expressions of Notch1 and Notch2 were positive; 3 days after injury, the expressions of Notch1 and Notch2 were significantly increased and were intensively positive; 5 days after injury, Notch1 and Notch2 were still positive; 7 days after injury, the expressions of Notch1 and Notch2 became weak. In control, expressions of Notch1 and Notch2 were very weak. Mechanical injury leaded to massive apoptosis in dental pulp. Apoptosis staining in the odontoblasts was obvious 1 day after injury, and the apoptotic cells decreased gradually from 3-7 days after injury. Few apoptotic odontoblasts were observed in the control group. Concomitant pattern of the cell apoptosis and Notch expression in the odontoblasts were exhibited after mechanical injury of tooth. Conclusion: Dynamic activation of Notch signaling might be connected with apoptosis regulation in odontoblasts after mechanical injury. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Periodental Non-surgical Treatment on Serum Il-6 and Alveolar Bone Absorption in Rats with Periodontitis and Hyperlipidemia WANG Chong, LIU Xin, LI Hao, MA Qian-hui, CHANG Le, REN Xiu-yun 2016, 32(8): 785-788.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.003 Abstract ( 311 )   PDF (914KB) ( 257 )   Objective: To investigate effects of periodental non-surgical treatment on serum IL-6 and alveolar bone absorption in rats with periodontitis and hyperlipidemia. Methods: The SD rats were separated into 4 groups:control group (A),HL group (B),CP group (C),and HL+CP group (D). After model establishment, group C and group D were randomly divided into group C1/D1 (natural process group) and group C2/D2 (scaling and root planning) according to random number table and received the corresponding oral intervention treatment respectively. Serum IL-6 levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively one week before the intervention, one week after the first intervention, one, three, five weeks after the second intervention. The unilateral maxilla was collected and stained by methylene blue, and the distance between CEJ and ABC (cementoenamel junction and alveolar bone crest) was measured. Results: Serum IL-6 of group C and D was obviously higher than that of group A (P<0.05). C1/D1 group showed an increased trend with time. The serum IL-6 of C2/D2 group was peaked one week after the second intervention, then gradually decreased and was lower than the baseline (P<0.05). The degree of alveolar bone loss was as follow: C, D group > A group (P<0.001). Serum level of IL-6 and alveolar bone resorption were positively correlated (P<0.01). Conclusion: Hyperlipidemia can aggravate the periodontitis degree, and periodontal basic treatment exacerbates the body's inflammatory response in the short term. To some extent, periodontal basic treatment can decrease the alveolar bone loss in periodontitis rats with or without hyperlipidemia. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Osteogenesis of Human Dental Follicle Stem Cells in Vitro WANG Chen,XU Yan, YANG Yang,MENG Ming-li,WANG Jing,ZHOU Yong-min,WANG Xiao-jing 2016, 32(8): 789-793.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.004 Abstract ( 295 )   Objective: To observe the osteogenesis of human dental follicle stem cells(DFSC) in osteogenic medium in vitro. Methods: DFSCs were primarily cultured by tissue and digestion method. Cells were passaged and identified by stem cell surface marker expression using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. After osteogenesis induction,osteogenesis ability of the cells was determined with alkaline phosphate (ALP) and Alizarin Red S staining, real time quantitative PCR and western blot. Results: DFSCs showed strong reproductive activity. And the immunohistochemistry staining showed that vimentin expression in DFSCs was positive, while cytokeratin 14 was negative. High expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers CD44, CD90, CD105 and CD146 was detected in DFSCs. Under osteogenesis induction, DFSCs could express osteogenesis or cementoblast cell markers ALP, OCN, BMP2 and RUNX2 in vitro(P＜0.05). Conclusion: DFSC might be a novel candidate for the treatment of periodontal defects in periodontal tissue engineering. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Microstructure Studies on Platelet-rich Fibrin Repairing Bone Defects in the Beagle Dog XIAO Qiong, DONG Lu, YANG Qin-qiu,SUN Yong, CHEN Hong-liang, ZHAO Feng, LU Shuai 2016, 32(8): 794-799.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.005 Abstract ( 323 )   Objective: To observe the microstructure of new bone formed from PRF induction and evaluate the features and advantages of PRF on bone repair by the femoral condyle defect model inbeagle dogs, providingnew experimental basis forosteanagenesis and mandibular reconstruction. Methods: The PRF membrane was prepared by means of Choukroun. PRF, Bio-Oss bone substitute materials and autologous cancellous bone were randomly filled into bone defects in the femoral condyle of dog. At 12 weeks and 24 weeks,the dogswere sacrificedand the bone was retrieved. Micro-CT was used to detect and analyze geometry and structure information of new bone. Results: New bone formedfrom PRF hadplate-shape and thicker trabecular structure with good continuity and maturity, which was highly close to that inthe autogenous bone group and better than that in the Bio-Oss group. During the observation period, the average values were closeto natural bone. In bone regeneration process, PRF osteoinduction showed concentric features. Conclusion: PRF could induce the formation of new bone, microstructures of which were similar to physiological conditions and showed central regeneration, thus showing a prospect for clinical application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Exosomes Secreted by Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells on Their Biological Behaviors LI Chong, ZHU Yang, YAMAMOTO Tetsuya, LI De-chao 2016, 32(8): 800-803.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.006 Abstract ( 331 )   Objective: To study the effectsof exosomes secreted byoral squamous cell carcinoma cells (OSC-4) on their biological behaviors. Methods: Exosomesderived from OSC-4 cells were separated from the medium. The effects of exosomes on the OSC-4 cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by MTT, wound healing, andtranswellassays, respectively. Results: Gold-labeling CD9 was detected in the isolated exosomes. MTT assay showed that the OSC-4 cells proliferation ability was increased after treated with exosomes(P<0.05). Wound healing and transwell assays results showed that the migration and invasion ability of OSC-4 cells were also increased after treated byexosomes (P<0.05). Conclusion: Exosomes secreted byoral squamous cell carcinomacells couldpromote their proliferation, migration, and invasion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Different Shade Matching Methods on the Color of Double-Layered Resin Composite Restorations LIU Yang-yang, WEI Jia-qiang, WANG Lu, XU Bing-ting 2016, 32(8): 804-807.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.007 Abstract ( 355 )   Objective: To investigate the effects of different enamel/dentin composite shade matching methods on the resultant color of double-layered resin composite restorations. Methods: Two commercial resin composites (Z350 & NG) were included in this study. Resin specimens of each brand were prepared following 3 double-layered color matching methods:(1) dentin shade and enamel shade with the same shade but different translucencies; (2) dentin shade was darker than enamel shade; (3) enamel shade with A3 shade. The color coordinates of all the specimens and the corresponding Vita Classical Shade tabs were measured by a spectrophotometer. Color differences (ΔE) between the specimens and the corresponding Vita Classical Shade tabs were calculated. Results: There were significant differences between two commercial resin composites (P<0.05). ΔE values of Z350 were significantly lower than those of NG. Regarding to A1 shade, method 1 had the lowest ΔE value. With respect to A2 shade, the ΔE values of method 1 and 2 were lower than method 3. Conclusion: Z350 performs better results in matching the shade guide in contrast to NG. Method 1 is the best enamel/dentin composite shade matching methods for A1 shade. For A2 shade, method 1 and method 2 are better than method 3. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment of an Three-dimensional Finite Element Model of Platform Switching JIANG Jian-hui, WANG Qing-mei, FAN Jian, CHEN Jiang, DAI Lin-lin 2016, 32(8): 808-811.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.008 Abstract ( 301 )   Objective: To present a good procedure to generate a three-dimensional finite element model of platform switching implant with different materials for biomechanics researches. Methods: The image making software was used to set up the three-dimensional finite element models simulated platform switching abutment connection with alveolar bone complex. Results: The SDD high precision scanner was used to get the accurate shape of the model and keep the wholeness sample. The model had high geometric similarity and the similarity mechanics, and it could reflex the problem of this experiment. Conclusion: The highly-accurate model can be acquired with the help of high precision scanner and PRO-E software. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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MRI Artifacts of Four Commonly Used Dental Metal Materials: A Comparative Study Si Qin-gaowa, Dilinuer·AJi, Wang Xing,Liao Bo, Qi Lu,Paziliya·Tu Da-hong,Bishala·Ye Er-nuer 2016, 32(8): 812-815.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.009 Abstract ( 289 )   Objective: To compare the MRI artifacts of four different dental metal materials, providing clinical evidence for prosthodontic doctors. Methods: Full crowns of Co-Cr alloy, pure titanium, silver palladium, and gold palladium were made according to a standard model.Full crown of zirconium dioxide was taken as control. All crowns were embedded in a 13cm × 25cm×10 cm (length x width x height) plastic container filled with distilled water.Artifacts were compared on the T2-weighted images in 1.5 T spin echo sequences. Results: Different materials showed different artifacts in the same spin echo sequence.Artifacts of Co-Cr alloy, pure titanium, silver palladium crownswere (450±665), (343±322), (141±141) respectively. There were significant differences between them (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between gold palladium group and zirconium dioxide group. Conclusion: MRI artifacts of the four materials in descending order were as follows: Co-Cr＞pure titanium＞silver palladium＞gold palladium. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study of Rat Submandibular Gland Cell Culture and Its Biological Characteristics LIU Kang, WANG Yue, PENG Hui-min, LU Hao, MA Xiao-zhou, DU Bao-xia, ZHANG Wei 2016, 32(8): 816-818.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.010 Abstract ( 247 )   Objective: To culture submandibular gland cells of rats in vitro and study its biological characteristics so as to provide a cell model for salivary gland disease research. Methods: The bilateral submandibular glands were obtained from Wistar rats of 7 days old in a sterile condition. Fat, capsule, nerve and blood vessel were carefully removed, followed by tissue-explant culturing. The cells were purified by enzymatic digestion and differential adhesion. The cell phenotype was immunohistochemically identified by cytokeratin-8 (CK-8) and α-Amylase staining, and hepatin secreting ability of the cells was tested by PAS staining. Ultramicroscopic features of the cells was observed under the scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Results: Submandibular gland cells were successfully obtained by tissue-explant culturing. The cells gained were positively stained for both CK-8 and α-Amylase. The cytoplasm manifested as purple red in PAS staining. Under SEM, cells had different lengths of pseudopodia and the nucleues were darker-stained; in some cells secretory granules were visible. Conclusion: Rat submandibular gland cells can be successfully cultured by the uncomplicated tissue-explant technique. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening of Probiotic Lactobacillus Salivarius Strains’ and a Primary Research of Its Antibiotics WANG Li-he, XUE Long, NIE Hong-bing, ZHOU Hai-jing, GUO Man-li, KANG Yong-jie, ZENG Sa, YANG Lan 2016, 32(8): 819-822.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.011 Abstract ( 252 )   Objective: To screen the Lactobacillus salivarius strains with probiotic potential from oral cavity of healthy volunteers, and to investigate its probiotic properties against oral diseases. Methods: Fifty healthy volunteers without oral disease were selected and their unstimulated salivas were collected for the selective bacteria culture. The Gram staining and the 16sr DNA sequencing technique were used to identify the Lactobacillus salivarius. To detect the antibacterial ability of the purified Lactobacillus salivarius, the inhibitory effect on the indicator bacteria, streptococcus mutans was observed. The targeted strain with antibacterial ability was screened and the antibacterial substance was then analyzed. Results: The w22a of Lactobacillus salivarius strain was selected. The effect of inhibiting streptococci mutans was increased with the increment of the concentration of the antibacterial substance. The antibacterial substance produced by the w22a was thermostabilized and sensitive to protease and had broad-spectrum antibacterial ability. Conclusion: The w22a of Lactobacillus salivarius strain might be one kind of potential probiotic of oral cavity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Significance of CT Combined with Frozen Section Examination on Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Tumor JIANG De-qi, GONG Zhong-cheng, LIN Zhao-quan, YIN Xiao-peng, DU Bai-xing, WANG Yue-sen 2016, 32(8): 823-827.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.012 Abstract ( 235 )   Objective: To compare the significances of preoperative CT, frozen sectionexamination and combination of both methods on the diagnosis ofsalivary gland tumor. Methods: One hundred and ninety-seven cases with salivary gland tumor lesions were collected from April 2012 to December 2015in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.All patients performed preoperative CT examination and frozen sectionexamination. Results: ThedifferencesofCT and frozen section examination in the diagnosis of salivary gland tumors were significant (P<0.05). The coincidence rate with histopathological examination was 64.0%(126/197) by CT, and 82.7%(163/197) by frozen sectionexamination, respectively. However, the coincidence rate of combined application was significantly higher (94.4%, 186/197). Conclusion: Combined application of preoperative CT and frozen section examinationcould increase the accuracy rate of diagnosisin salivary gland tumors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of bFGF and Mibefradil on Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts FENG Dong-fei, WANG Chun-yu, LIU Feng, TIAN Su-bao, ZHANG Rui, QIN Li-hong 2016, 32(8): 828-831.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.013 Abstract ( 231 )   Objective: To study the effect of basic fibroblast growth factors (bFGF, referred as B) and Mibefradil (referred as M) on proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPLFs). Methods: B with three concentrations of 10, 20 and 30ng/mL were respectively defined as B1, B2 and B3; M with three concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10μmol/L were respectively defined as M1, M2 and M3; and B and M with three concentrations were respectively sub-divided into a 1-day group, a 2-day group and a 3-day group. The WST method was employed to detect the proliferation rate treated with one drug alone or combined usage of the two drugs in different orders. Results:B increased the proliferation of HPLFs, while M was on the contrary. The B3 1-day group showed the highest cell proliferation rate (P<0.05), and the M2 1-day group showed the lowest cell proliferation. There was significant difference in proliferation rate in B3 group combined with or without M (P<0.05). In addition, only B1 could not change the proliferation rate inhibited by the addition of M. There was no statistical difference in proliferation rate between combined usage groups and normal cells groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: bFGF and Mibefradil have their respective optimum acting concentration and acting time; Except the excessive proliferation state, the proliferation state of HPLFs is hard to block, and the blocking cells are easy to restore their proliferation state to continuously maintain the HPLFs in a balanced proliferation state. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Rhubarb on the Treatment of Gingivitis in Orthodontic Fixed Treatment DU Jian-dong, ZHENG Xue-li, YANG Lan, ZHANG Ying-jie, HAN Bao-di 2016, 32(8): 832-835.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.014 Abstract ( 227 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of rhubarb on the treatment of gingivitis in orthodontic fixed treatment. Methods: The study sample included 20 periodontal healthy controls and 60 patients with gingivitis undergoing orthodontic fixed treatment for six months. Sixty patients with gingivitis were randomly divided into 3 groups: rhubarb group, gelatin sponge group and control group. Before treatment, clinical periodontal index and gingival cervical fluid (GCF) samples were taken from both the periodontal healthy control group and gingivitis groups. GCF interleukin IL- 1β was detected by ELISA. Data was compared among four groups. In the rhubarb group and the gelatin sponge group, rhubarb gelatin sponge and gelatin sponge were put respectively into the gingival pockets once a week and nothing for control group. After 4 weeks, all the parameters were reassessed. Results: Before treatment, clinical periodontal index and concentration of GCF IL - 1β of gingivitis groups were significantly higher than those of the periodontal health group (P<0.05), the rhubarb group and the gelatin sponge group had no significant difference when compared with the control group. After treatment, indices of the gelatin sponge group showed no significant difference compared to the control group, and was significantly higher than the periodontal health group (P<0.05). After treatment, indices of the gelatin sponge group and control group exhibited no significant difference when compared to the pre-treatment results (P<0.05).The indices of the rhubarb group were all significantly decreased after treatment (P<0.05), while compared with the periodontal health group, the rhubarb group gingival sulcus bleeding index ( SBI ) was close to normal (P<0.05). Conclusion: The use of rhubarb is effective in control of gingivitis in orthodontic fixed treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Study on Periodontal Tissue and Alveolar Width of Lower Anterior Teeth by Modified Corticotomy WU Ying, PENG Guo-guang, CHEN Yang-xi, FANG Shi-ling 2016, 32(8): 836-839.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.015 Abstract ( 260 )   Objective: To evaluate the periodontal tissue and alveolar width changes of lower anterior teeth before and after modified corticotomy, and to assess the surgical safety and provide reference for clinic practice. Methods: Healthy adult cases with moderate Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion were undergone orthodontic treatment combined with modified corticotomy. The various periodontal index and alveolar width of lower anterior teeth before and after orthodontic treatment were measured and compared with each other. Results: Probing depth, bleeding index and index of gingival atrophy before and after treatment showed no statistical difference. Keratosic gingival after orthodontic treatment(5.8±2.4 mm)was thicker than pre-treatment (5.2±1.9 mm) (P=0.041). Alveolar bone at the apex area after treatment(6.04 ± 4.57 mm) was thicker than pre-treatment(5.32±3.87 mm) (P=0.024 ). Labial alveolar bone at the apex area after treatment(2.27±1.72 mm)was thinner than pre-treatment(2.88±2.35 mm ) (P=0.014 ). Lingual alveolar thickness at the apex area after treatment(3.97±3.49 mm )was thicker than pre-treatment (2.54±2.06 mm) (P=0.040). Thickness of mandible at B point after treatment(7.17±5.21 mm)was thicker than pre-treatment(6.47±3.99 mm) (P=0.042 ). Conclusion: It is safe to treat moderate Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion by orthodontic treatment combined with modified corticotomy, which could even stimulate the alveolar proliferation of lower anterior teeth. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Research on the Border Sealing Ability of A New Complete Denture Edge Shaping Impression Material CHEN Lei,SUN Ying-chun,WANG Chen,AN Ran,LIU Zi-hao 2016, 32(8): 840-842.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.016 Abstract ( 455 )   Objective: To test the border sealing efficiency of a new complete denture edge shaping impression material. Methods: By precisely controlling the proportion of paraffin, polyethylene oligomer and plasticizer according to the formula in relevant patent, the material softening temperature was maintained at about 37 ℃. Twenty-three edentulous patients were selected and each of them was respectively shaped with traditional modeling compound and the new edge shaping material during taking impression. Impression retention of the individual tray with edge shaping was recorded. Results: There was no significant difference in the retention of individual trays between the new edge shaping material and impression compound (P>0.05). Conclusion: The new edge shaping material has a convenient operation ability and satisfied consistency, which showed great border sealing, thus providing an alternative in edge shaping of complete denture. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of LKB1 Overexpression Vector and Its Biological Activity in Human Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC-15 Cells ZHANG Ya-ting, GAO Zhi, QIU Li-hua 2016, 32(8): 843-847.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.017 Abstract ( 302 )   Objective: To investigate the regulatory role of LKB1 gene and related signaling pathway in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. Methods: Eukaryotic expression vector of LKB1 gene was constructed, and transfected into SCC-15 cells. RT-PCR, western blot and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of related molecules and the effects on cell cycle and apoptosis. Results: The expression of LKB1 was significantly increased in SCC-15 cells after transfected. Meanwhile, cell cycle arrest was induced by over-expression of LKB1. In addition, the expression of p53, TGF-β and PTEN was up-regulated, while the expression of VEGF was down-regulated. Conclusion: Eukaryotic expression vector of LKB1 gene was successfully constructed. Additionally, LKB1 could regulate cell cycle and the expression of p53, PTEN, TGF-β and VEGF in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inhibition of Cell Growth by Avastin Combined with CTLs in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma JIANG Li-juan, ZHENG Yang, NI Yan-hong, HAN Wei, HUANG Xiao-feng, HU Qin-gang, WANG Zhi-yong 2016, 32(8): 848-852.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.018 Abstract ( 304 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody bevacizumab (Avastin) combined with CTLs induced by tumor antigen-sensitized dendritic cells on inhibiting the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: VEGF production in the supernatants of cultured CAL27 and SCC4 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). DCs were generated from human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) and sensitized by SCC4 cell lysates. After that, their phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM), mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) for allostimulatory function and IL-12 level was detected by ELISA. DCs loaded with tumor antigen were co-cultured with allogeneic T cells to induce tumor specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Meanwhile, killing effect of Avastin combined with CTLs to SCC4 in vitro was studied. Results: The level of VEGF secreted by SCC4 was higher than CAL27. Compared with the control group, the expression of CD83, HLA-DR, CD86, CD80 and CD40 on DCs loaded with SCC4 cell lysate, the level of IL-12 and the stimulatory capacity to T cell proliferation were obviously enhanced, but the expression of CD1a was down-regulated. DCs loaded with OSCC antigen increased the proliferation of T lymphocytes. The killing effect of Avastin combined with CTLs was 56.1% to SCC4 and was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Avastin combined with CTLs induced by tumor-antigen sensitized DCs could inhibit OSCC growth. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Anatomical Presentation of Sinus Membrane and Ostium in Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Scan Ying,QU Zhe,MA Lan,HAN Wen-li 2016, 32(8): 853-856.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.019 Abstract ( 282 )   Objective: To analyze the characteristics of sinus membrane and ostium by cone beam computed tomographic, and to assess the correlation between them. Methods: The study included 150 CBCT radiographs (300 maxillary sinuses). The sinus membrane thickness was assessed by three-dimensional reconstruction,and recorded the radiographic findings of sinuses. Additionally, ostium patency was classified as patent or obstructed. Results: The mean sinus membrane thickness was 9.53mm. Mucosal thickening was found in 65.67% of the maxillary sinuses, and was most frequently observed between 2 and 5mm. Ostium obstruction was observed in 10.67% sinuses. Both type and degree of membrane thickening demonstrated significant bivariate associations with ostium obstruction. Conclusion: CBCT scan is recommended to expand to include the maxillary sinus ostium. An ENT consultation is recommended for patients with ostium obstruction and sinus disease, especially for those whose mucosal appearance was classified as ploypoid thickening, partial opacification with liquid accumulation, and total opacification or membrane thickening was more than 10mm. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and Roles of E-cadherin and Vimentin in Epithelium-mesenchymal Transition of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma CHEN Zheng, GUO Yan 2016, 32(8): 857-860.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.020 Abstract ( 483 )   Objective: To investigate the expression and roles of E-cadherin and vimentin in epithelium- mesenchymal transition (EMT) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: Seventy-six cases with OSCC and 40 healthy subjects as control group were involved. The expression of TGF-β1, E-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by RT-PCR. Results: The gene expression levels of TGF-β1 and Vimentin in the tissues of OSCC patients were significantly higher than healthy subjects, while the gene expression levels of E-cadherin was significantly lower (P<0.05). The expression levels of TGF-β1, E-cadherin and Vimentin were associated with the degree of cell differentiation in OSCC tissues. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the gene expression levels of TGF-β1 was negatively correlated with E-cadherin in OSCC (r=-0.322, P=0.004), but was positively correlated with Vimentin (r=0.661, P=0.000). Conclusion: The expression of TGF-β1 and Vimentin was up-regulated in OSCC, whereas the expression of E-cadherin was down-regulated, indicating that EMT plays an important role in the development of OSCC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Curative Effect of Total Glucosides of Paeony Combined with Wolfberry in the Treatment of Olp Yang,LIU Si-jia,CHANG Ying,WANG Ting-ting, LI Zheng, WANG Jing-jiao,ZHANG Jing, WANG Li, QI Ming 2016, 32(8): 861-864.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.021 Abstract ( 269 )   Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy, the adverse reactions and the changes of the immunity state of OLP patients treated with total glucosides of paeony (TGP) combined with wolfberry. Methods: Seventy OLP patients were randomly divided into two groups: one group with oral TGP capsules and Wolfberry; the other group with oral TGP capsules. The clinical efficacy, the adverse reactions and the changes of the immune function were observed after two months. Results: The total effective rate was 88.57% in the combined group, and the total effective rate was 68.57% in the TGP group. The clinical efficacy was better in the combined group with less adverse reaction (P<0.05). However, the numbers of the C3, C4, CD3+ cells were increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Per os TGP combined with Wolfberry showed better therapeutic effect, mild adverse reactions, and might regulate the immunity function of OLP patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Sodium Hyaluronateacid (Sh) Injection Combined with Occlusal Splint on Temporomandibular Joint Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction ZHANG Ling-ge, ZHANG Rui,LI Xi-hong, DING Wen-sheng, LIU Jun 2016, 32(8): 865-868.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.022 Abstract ( 344 )   Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of sodium hyaluronateacid(SH) injection combined with stabilizationsplint for the treatment of anterior disc displacement without reduction. Methods: Forty patients with temporomandibular joint anterior disc displacement without reduction were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group wasinjected withSH in the articular cavity combined with stabilizationsplint, and the control group was only injected with SH in the articular cavity. Comparative analysis was performed before, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment in patients withFricton dysfunction index, pain index(VAS) and maximal mouth opening. Results: After treatment, temporomandibular dysfunction,arthralgia and mouth openingof patients in the two groups weresignificantly improved(P<0.05). No significant difference ofthe mouth opening was found between two groups (P>0.05). The VAS,CMI and DI of the experimental group decreased significantly than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Intraarticular injection of SH combined with stabilizationsplint for the treatment of anterior disc displacement without reduction is betterthan the simple articular cavity injection of SH. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Co2+ on the Cytotoxicity of Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells and Gene Expression of Bax and Bcl-2 LUO Xin-nian, LIAN Wen-wei 2016, 32(8): 869-873.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.023 Abstract ( 249 )   Objective: To study the effect of Co2+ on the cytotoxicity of human renal tubular epithelial cells and the gene expression of Bax and Bcl-2. Methods: HK-2 cells were cultured and incubated with five different concentrations of Co2+ solution(0-10 μmol/L)for 12h, 24h and 48h in vitro. Cells were observed and recorded under inverted phase contrast microscope. Cell proliferation of each culture group was detected by MTT and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by RT-PCR at different time points. Results: Co2+ had no toxicity on HK-2 cells when the concentration was lower than 7.5 μmol/L during the observation time. While when the concentration was higher than 7.5 μmol/L, Co2+ had mild toxicity on HK-2 cells after 24h. As to the increase of Co2+ concentration and time of duration, the mRNA expression of Bax in each experimental group gradually increased, while the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 gradually decreased and the value of Bax/Bcl-2 increased. Conclusion: Co2+ inhibited the proliferation of HK-2 cells. It has no toxicity on human renal tubular epithelial cells at low concentration,but has mild toxicity and promotes cell apoptosis at high concentration(≥7.5 μmol/L). References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Different Volumes of Articaine for Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis WANG Su, LI Jing-hong, BI Cheng, ZHOU Yi 2016, 32(8): 874-876.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.024 Abstract ( 292 )   Objective: To compare the efficacy of 1.7 mL and 3.4 mL articaine for an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) when treating molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methods: Seventy-six teeth were randomly received conventional IANB injection either with 1.7 mL or 3.4 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100000 epinephrine. The patients recorded their pain before and during access cavity preparation as well as during root canal instrumentation using a HeftParker visual analog scale. Data were analyzed by T and chi-square tests. Results: Seventy-two patients were eligible to participate in this study, which showed that 3.4 mL articaine provided a significantly higher success rate (74.4%) of IANBs compared with 1.7 mL of the same anesthetic solution (27.8%) although neither group had 100% successful anesthesia (P<0.001). Conclusion: Increasing the volume of articaine provided a significantly higher success rate of IANBs in mandibular first molar teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, but it did not result in 100% anesthetic success. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Curative Effect Comparison of Two Different Tooth-colored Improved Onlay/crown Restorations on the Seriously Damaged Molars ZHOU Lei, WANG Chuan-jiang, WEI Yu-hua 2016, 32(8): 877-880.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.025 Abstract ( 291 )   Objective: To compare the clinical effects of two tooth-colored improved onlay/crown restorations in the seriously damaged molars. Methods: A total of 51 onlay/crowns restorations were placed in 46 patients. The restorations were allocated into CAD/CAM zirconia ceramics and Co-Cr PFM onlay/crowns. According to modified USPHS criteria, all improved onlay/crowns were checked and recorded at 1 week, 1 year and 2 year after the restorations were placed. Results: Only one Co-Cr PFM onlay restoration was broken on the ceramic layer at the second year. There were no restoration loss, tooth fracture and secondary caries during the study. Three CAD/CAM zirconia ceramics and 7 Co-Cr PFM restorations were little mismatch in color with adjacent teeth. Conclusion: Improved tooth-colored onlay/crown restoration provides the dentists with another treatment choice for seriously damaged posterior teeth. However, long-term observation is necessary. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Sagittal Correction with Cusp Reshaping and the Mechanism: A Case Report JIN Li-fei, HUANG Yi-hui, GONG Guo-liang, LIN Xin-ping 2016, 32(8): 881-882.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.026 Abstract ( 252 )   Class II malocclusion is one of the most prevalent malocclusions. The locked teeth between upper and lower arch often discount its sagittal correction. Clinically, it is a valid method by reshaping the cusp of the teeth, followed by redistributing the occlusal force, and finally achieving directional movement. This paper reported a case successfully corrected by the method of cusp reshaping. Besides, relevant literature was reviewed to discuss the biomechanics, so as to provide a reference for clinical treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Progress of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Field of Periodontal Tissue Reconstruction CHEN Liang-wen, YAN Qi, SHI Bin 2016, 32(8): 883-885.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.027 Abstract ( 296 )   Through loading specific transcription factors into virus vectors and importing them into mature body cells, somatic cells can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). IPS cells can proliferate and maintain the undifferentiated state, and can differentiate into a variety of mature cells, tissues and organs. By the method of tissue engineering, when culturing iPS stem cells in the medium added with functional cell factors, and combining with the cytoskeleton, the periodontal tissue defects can be reconstructed through cells’ proliferation, differentiation, mineralization precipitation, osteoinduction and vascularization. This article systematically reviews the source, culture methods, tissue engineering-related cytokines, cell bracket, and application of iPS cells in the periodontal tissue regeneration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Odontoblasts Related Proteins in Tooth Development and Damage Repairation XU Gao-xiang, ZHANG Qi, ZHANG Lu-lu, DING Shi-yang, JIANG Qiu, GAI Li-ting 2016, 32(8): 886-889.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.08.028 Abstract ( 463 )   Odontoblasts secreted proteins, matrix, and growth factors play important roles in regulating the tooth development and dental pulp damage repair. Dentin matrix protein (DMP1) and dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin phosphoprotein (DPP), nest protein, clock proteins, bone adhesion proteoglycans (OSAD) play important roles in the process of dentine formation, mineralization and dentine repair. In addition, some proteins will have important guiding significance for the pathogenesis research of autosomal recessive low blood phosphorus rickets and non mineralized tissue disease .This article aims to explain the role of odontoblasts related proteins in tooth development and damage repairation. References | Related Articles | Metrics