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Animal Study on Pure Titanium Implant with Micro-arc Oxidation and Self-assembly GTS/ALG Coating. LIU Miao, ZHAO Wen, LI De-chao, LI Mu-qin, WANG Han. 2016, 32(7): 667-671.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.001 Abstract ( 346 )   PDF (1523KB) ( 327 )   Objective: To evaluate the effects of layer-by-layer self-assembly technique and micro-arc oxidation surface on bone integration of pure titanium implant. Methods: Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were selected to construct animal models. Two, 4 and 6 weeks after operation, CBCT and implant bone torsion output test were performed to observe osseointegration of implants. Six weeks after operation, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of implants. Results: CBCT results showed that at post-operative 2, 4 and 6 weeks, the healing of bone defect was good in the sequence of group C, group B and group A. At post-operative 6 weeks, there were no obvious dash areas on implant bone interface, and the density was similar to normal bone. Implant bone torsion output test results showed that there were no obvious differences at post-operative 2 weeks in torsion. At post-operative 4 weeks, the torsion was higher in group B and C compared to group A. At post-operative 6 weeks, the torsion was the highest in group C compared to group A and B. Moreover, at post-operative 6 weeks, osseointegration was significantly increased in group C. Conclusion: TA2-MAO-NAOH-CS coating and TA2-MAO-NAOH-CS-ALG coating could promote the bone integration, and the effects of TA2-MAO-NAOH-CS-ALG coating were better. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Experimental Study of Edible Transgenic Tomatoes Vaccine against Caries in BALB/c Mouse. GUAN Wei-wei,GU Yu,GUAN Xiao-yan, WU Jia-yuan, BAI Guo-hui, TIAN Yuan, CHEN Zhu, YANG De-qin, LIU Jian-guo 2016, 32(7): 672-676.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.002 Abstract ( 240 )   PDF (806KB) ( 372 )   Objective: To observe the immunogenic and immunoreactivity of transgenic tomatoes vaccine containing PAcA/CTB against caries by animal experiment. Methods: Eighteen androgenesis BALB/c mice of six to eigh-week-old were randomly divided in three groups and fed transgenic tomatoes fruit tissue (experiment group), control tomatoes fruit tissue (negative control group) or deactivated S.mutans (positive control group). Animals were bled and saliva samples were collected one day before the first immunity and at the 1, 2, 3, 4th week after immunity. Antibody titer was analyzed by ELISA to observe the immunogenic antibody. Results: The PAcA specific IgG antibodies in sera hoisted in the positive control group and the experiment group one week after the first immunity.The antibody titer was significantly higher than those fed with control transgenic tomatoes (P<0.05 or P<0.01) at the 4th week. The antibody titer was significantly different between positive control group and the experiment group at the 2nd, 3rd and 4th weeks after the first immunity. Conclusion: The foreign protein which induced by transgenic tomatoes was immunogenic and could induce immunity responses in BALB/c mice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Micro-CT Analysis of Osseointegration of Cortex-like Titania Implant Coatings with Micro-arc Oxidation. ZHOU Hong-zhi, LI Ya-da, LIU Huan, LIU Lin, WANG Wei-qiang, MA Guo-wu, QI Min 2016, 32(7): 676-680.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.003 Abstract ( 283 )   PDF (1494KB) ( 986 )   Objective: To assess the osseointegration of porous titania (TiO2) coating with a novel cortex-like morphology by micro-CT. Methods: Cortex-like morphology Ti surface was produced by MAO, and SLA surface was used as control.The surface features were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and contact Angle. Thirty-six threaded implants were placed in the femoral condyles of 18 male New Zealand White rabbits. Trabecular bone morphology parameters were analyzed after implantation 4 weeks and 8 weeks by Micro-CT. Results: Morphology microstructure of MAO cortex-like was composed of microscale and nanoscale structure, with better wettability and contact Angle (6.9±1.14)°. Along with the time of bone healing, the BV/TV, Tb. N, Tb. Th and Conn. Dn were increased, while SMI and Tb. Sp were decreased. At 4th week, statistical significances were detected in BV/TV and SMI (P<0.05). At 8th week, statistical significances were detected in BV/TV, Tb. N, Tb. Sp and Conn.Dn (P<0.05). Cortex-like morphology exhibited more continuous bone apposition. Conclusion: The cortex-like morphology of titanium with microscale and nanoscale topologic structure can improve the osseointegration of Ti implant and has good biocompatibility. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Bio-oss on Osteogenesis of Human Placenta-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro. WU Zi-qi, QI Peng-peng, YU Shi-yang, WANG Hong-hong, LI Yu-shan, XU Zhao-nan, WANG Jing-yun 2016, 32(7): 681-684.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.004 Abstract ( 306 )   PDF (1098KB) ( 402 )   Objective: To study the proliferation and differentiation of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HPMSCs) combined with Bio-oss powder,and investigate the feasibility of constructing tissue engineered bone by HPMSCs as seed cells and the Bio-oss powder as scaffold material. Methods: Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells were dissociated and cultured under sterile conditions and detected for the ability of differentiation. They were divided into two groups, the group of combination of cells and Bio-oss as scaffold material and the group of cells alone. Cell morphology, proliferation and differentiation in the two groups were observed and compared. Results: There was no significant difference between two groups on the cell morphology, proliferation and differentiation ability. Conclusion: It is feasible to utilize HPMSCs as seed cells and Bio-oss as scaffolds to construct tissue engineered bone. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Involvement of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in Pulpitis and Hyperalgesiaof Rats. ZHANG Li-li, YANG Si-min, CONG Fang, NIHui-Zhen, Li Wei-Jia, JIN Hai-Wei. 2016, 32(7): 685-688.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.005 Abstract ( 297 )   PDF (2785KB) ( 518 )   Objective: To investigate thedynamic expressionofCX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in the trigeminal ganglions (TGs) and furthermore toelucidate the potential roles ofCX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in the trigeminal nervous system that involved in the development of the inflammatory response and hyperalgesia induced by pulpitis. Methods: An animal-model of pulpitiswas established. The dynamic expression ofCX3CL1 and CX3CR1 inTGswasobserved byimmunofluorescencetechnique. Results: CX3CL1and CX3CR1-positive cells were found in boththe experimental and control TGs by immunofluorescentstaining. The expression of CX3CL1profiles were presented typical morphology of circles surroundingthe neurons, while CX3CR1wereexpressed inTG neurons. Statistical analysis revealed that the numbers ofCX3CL1and CX3CR1-positive cells were increased induced byCFA-inflammation. The rate of CX3CL1-positive cellsreached the peak at 2weeksand decreased to normal level at 6 weeks. The rate of CX3CR1-positive cells was significantly higherthanthat ofthe control group at 24 hours and 72 hoursafter CFA-inflammation. Conclusion: The expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 may participate in the inflammatory response of pulpitis and hyperalgesia intrigeminal nervous system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Fatigue Life of Laser-welded Co-Cr Alloy Joints with Different Gap Distances. XU Min-rui, PAN Zai-xing, WU Song-quan, CHEN Feng 2016, 32(7): 689-691.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.006 Abstract ( 198 )   PDF (1275KB) ( 261 )   Objective: To investigate the influence of welding gap distances on the mechanical properties and fatigue life of Co-Cr alloy laser-welded joints. Methods: Dumbbell rods made of Co-Cr alloy were laser-welded with the gap distances of 0.00mm, 0.25mm and 0.50mm respectively (n=10). The non-weld group was chosen as control group. All specimens were subjected to three-point bending test on the material testing machine. The maximum compressive stress values and fatigue life were recorded automatically. The fracture of specimen was tested with microscopic phase analysis. Results: The maximum compressive stress values and fatigue life of laser-welded groups were smaller than the non-weld group (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference of the maximum compressive stress values was found within the laser-welded groups. The longest fatigue life was found in the 0.25mm group (P<0.05), and no statistically significant difference was found between 0.00mm group and 0.50mm group. Conclusion: Proper gap distance (0.25mm) is good for enhancing the fatigue life of Co-Cr alloy laser-welded joints. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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14, 15- Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Promotes Bone Regeneration of Mouse Calvarial Defect. DANG Hai-xia, HUO Xin-ru, ZHANG Wen-yuan, ZHANG Lin, WANG Fu. 2016, 32(7): 692-695.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.007 Abstract ( 223 )   PDF (2171KB) ( 271 )   Objective: To evaluate the effect of 14, 15 epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14, 15-EET) on the healing of calvarial defect in C57BL / 6 mice. Methods: A 5-mm diameter calvarial critical-sized defect was created on each side of the calvarial bone of the C57BL / 6 mice. The calvarial defects were allocated into experimental group (right sides) and control group (left sides). BMSCs pretreated with 14, 15-EET (1 μmol/L, experimental group, n =10) or untreated with 14, 15-EET (control group) were implanted into bone defects. 14, 15-EET (10 μmol/L, experimental group) or PBS (control group) was administered by subcutaneous injection in calvarial defect area every other day from third post-operative day for four weeks. Mice were sacrificed at 8th post-operative week. Bone regeneration in the calvarial defect area was assessed with CBCT. HE and Masson's trichrome stain were performed to assess the newly formed blood vessels and connective bone tissues. Results: Compared with the control sides, the area of bone defect in the experimental sides treated with 14, 15-EET was obviously decreased at 8th post-operative week (P<0.05). 14, 15-EET treatment increased blood vessels and bone formation of the experimental sides when compared to the control sides at 8th post-operative week (P<0.05). In addition, there were more osteoid and collagen fibers in the defect area treated with 14, 15- EET. Conclusion: 14, 15-EET may promote bone regeneration through improvement of local microcirculation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Acellular Bovine Pericardium Combined with BMP-2 Transfected BMSCs in Guided Bone Regeneration in Vitro. BAI Ming-hai, ZHANG Ting-ting, WU Han-jiang, ZHAO Zhi-he, HE Zheng-quan, LIU Xing-yu. 2016, 32(7): 696-698.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.008 Abstract ( 307 )   PDF (1007KB) ( 254 )   Objective: To study the feasibility of naturally derived acellular bovine pericardium combined with BMP-2 gene transfected BMSCs in guided bone tissue regeneration in vitro. Methods: BMP-2 transfected BMSCs were seeded on the natural acellular bovine pericardium. The cell growth and proliferation on acellular bovine pericardium were assessed by SEM, the cytotoxicity of membrane on transfected cells was assessed by MTT test, the BMP-2 content was measured by ELISA, cell adhesion capacity was detected by crystal violet staining, and osteogenic properties was evaluated by ALP activity. Results: SEM showed that the BMP-2 gene transfected BMSCs could adhere to the acellular bovine pericardium and proliferate well. There was no significant difference in the survival rate of cells in each group. The cell adhesion capacity and the ability of BMP-2 transfected BMSCs transforming into osteoblasts were enhanced by the acellular bovine pericardium. Conclusion: Natural acellular bovine pericardium had well biological and cellular compatibility, which might be used as a good natural GBR membrane material. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inhibition of Anti-Gingipains Adhesin Domains Hgp44 Yolk Antibody (IgY) for Experimental Periodontitis Induced by Porphyromonas Gingivals. MENG Ming-li, XU Yan, WANG Xiao-jing, LI Zeng-li , ZHOU Le-chun , CHENG Ting, SHEN Ji-long, XU Zhen-shan ,WANG Rong-hai. 2016, 32(7): 699-703.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.009 Abstract ( 303 )   PDF (1610KB) ( 330 )   Objective: To investigate the inhibiting effect of anti-Hgp44-IgY for experimental periodontitis in rat. Methods: A total of 24 male SD rats were divided randomly into four groups, including the blank group (A), incubation with normal saline (NS) group (B), incubation with anti-Hgp44-IgY group (C) and incubation with cetylpyridinium chloride group (D). Periodontitis was induced by ligation of a silk suture around the neck of the four molar teeth in rats following inoculated with porphyromonas gingivalis. Gingiva index (GI) and BANA test of subgingival bacterial plaque were performed 4 weeks later. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) was detected by dissecting microscope and gum observed by HE stain. The relative mRNA expression levels of IL-10, OPG and RANKL in gums of rats were detected by qRT-PCR and the ratio of OPG/RANKL was calculated. Results: Compared with group B, GI, ABL and BANA were significantly downregulated in both Group C and Group D (P<0.01); while mRNA expression levels of IL-10, OPG and OPG/RANKL ratio were significantly increased in gingival tissue (P<0.01) and the level of RANKL was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The differences of GI, ABL, BANA, IL-10 and RANKL mRNA and OPG/RANKL ratio between Group C and Group D showed no statistical significances; while the OPG mRNA in the Group C was significantly lower than Group D. Conclusion: Anti-Hgp44-IgY can decrease the alveolar bone loss of the experimental periodontitis in rats. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between Changes of Alveolar Bone and Systematic Bone Mineral Density in Hyperthyrosis Rabbits. ZHANG Xiang, QU Zhe, XU Jing, MA Lan, PAN Xiao-qing, ZHANG Dan-di 2016, 32(7): 704-706.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.010 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (997KB) ( 240 )   Objective: To compare the changes of alveolar bone and systemic bone mineral density(BMD) of hyperthyrosis rabbits. Methods: Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were devided into experiment group and control group equally, with half male and half female. Experiment group rabbits were daily injected intraperitoneally with 50 μg/kg levothyrocine diluted by physiological saline solution. Control group rabbits were daily injected intraperitoneally with the same volume physiological saline solution only. FT3, FT4, ALP, Ca, P, Mg, BMD test were given to both groups after 8 weeks. Dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry (DEXA) was used to scan the lumbar vertebra, mandibular, bilateral distal femur for the BMD test. Results: After 8 weeks injection, the difference of FT3, FT4, ALP, Ca, P, Mg, BMD level was significant between experimental group and control group. The numerical changes of FT3, FT4 met the diagnostic criteria for hyperthyrosis, and numerical changes of BMD met the diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis. The BMD of mandibular alveolar bone of hyperthyrosis rabbits was lower than the control group. Conclusion: The BMD of mandibular alveolar bone, lumbar spine and femur in the hyperthyrosis rabbits were lower than the control group. Changes of mandibular alveolar bone density in hyperthyrosis rabbits was in line with the lumbar spine and femur,s. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Characterization of Hollow Hydroxyapatite Microspheres Loaded with Simvastatin as Pulp Capping Agent. WANG Ke, ZHAO Xu, LI Yi, ZHANG Xue, WANG Yin-jing. 2016, 32(7): 707-711.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.011 Abstract ( 200 )   PDF (2393KB) ( 297 )   Objective: To synthesize hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres with favorable biocompatibility while loaded with simvastatin in order to constitute sustained-release system in vitro and examine the effect in the restoration of rat dental pulp. Methods: Based on the principle of biomimetic synthesis, hollow hydroxyapatite (HHAp) microspheres were successfully synthesized via the precipitation reaction utilizing glutamic acid (Glu) and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) “core-shell model” aggregates acting as templates. Morphology of the resultant was characterized and then loaded with simvastatin. Release in vitro of simvastatin was analyzed by UV spectrophotometry and then the cumulative rate curves of simvastatin were drawn. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups randomly and established the model of direct dental pulp capping of maxillary first molars. The drug loaded microspheres containing 10-5mol/L, 10-7mol/L and 10-9mol/L simvastatin were applied on the maxillary first molars on left side of the three groups respectively. The exposed pulps of the maxillary first molars on right of the first group were capped with HHAp microspheres without loading drug. The rest accepted no special treatment. On day 7 and 28 after operation, five rats of each group were sacrificed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The area rates of reparative dentin were calculated with NIH image software and analyzed by Dunnett t test and paired t test with SPSS 17.0 software. Results: The as-prepared HAp was hollow microspheres with diameter of 2-4 μm and was composed of many needle-like particles. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency was 21.3%-46.0% and 34.46%-46.02%, respectively. The drug-loading release behavior in vitro followed the linear release. The inflammation under the perforation in group control was more obvious than experimental groups at day 7. A thicker layer of reparative dentin was formed in group 10-7mol/L than group control, 10-5mol/L and 10-9mol/L. Conclusion: The HHAp microspheres can be synthesized via Glu and SDS “core-shell model” aggregates acting as templates and the efficiency of drug loading and encapsulation is high. The release behavior follows the linear release. The drug loaded microspheres containing 10-7mol/L SIM may promote the repair of dental pulp after injury. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Salivary Duct Carcinoma: A Clinical Analysis of 10 Cases. KEREMU Abasi, CHEN Qing-li, LING Bin, LIU Hui, LIN Zhao-quan, GONG Zhong-cheng. 2016, 32(7): 712-715.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.012 Abstract ( 365 )   PDF (1223KB) ( 508 )   Objective: To evaluate the clinical manifestation, treatment and prognosis of patients with salivary duct carcinoma (SDC). Methods: Clinical data of 10 patients with SDC from Oct. 2007 to Nov. 2014 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: In this study, the included patients with SDC (8 male and 2 female) were aged from 49 years to 89 years with mean age 64.7 years. With 8 cases of parotid gland and 2 cases of submandibular gland, the patients presented regional mass characterized by recent rapid growth and neural impairment. CT images revealed the mass with ill-defined margin and inhomogeneous enhancement. For the treatment, only six patients received post-operative radiotherapy. Follow-up period was 7 months to 97 months. Three patients recurred. The median survival time was 37.5 months. The 1-, 3-, 5-year disease-free survival rates of these 10 patients with SDC were 90% (95% CI: 55-100), 62.5% (95% CI: 24-91) and 57.1% (95% CI: 18-90), respectively. Conclusion: SDC was a rare disease. The clinical manifestation and imaging examination were not outstanding, while pathological report could guide diagnosis. With poor prognosis, surgery was the first choice and post-operative radiotherapy should be performed. Biological therapy might be a novel treatment strategy for SDC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Patient Delay among Oral Cancer Patients. FENG Xue-feng, HUANG Hai-tao, WANG Ru. The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China 2016, 32(7): 716-719.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.013 Abstract ( 239 )   PDF (800KB) ( 675 )   Objective: To describe the patient delay situation of oral cancer patients in Dalian city and identify the main influencing factors. Methods: The influencing factors of patient delay were assessed by the general data self-designed questionnaire, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), medical-seeking situation questionnaire, and family support scale to survey the 72 cases of oral cancer patients. Results: The incidence of oral cancer patient delay was 48.5%. The elapsed time from discovery to the initial seeking for a medical consultation ranged from 2 days to 5 years, and the median was 120 days. Medical-seeking patients with delay were different from patients with no delay in living conditions, self-consciously disease severity, anxiety, and consciously family support. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Oral cancer patient delay phenomenon is relatively common, and the living conditions, self-consciously severity of disease, anxiety, and consciously family support are the main factors influencing the oral cancer patients to see the doctor. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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[doi] 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.014 Preliminary Establishment and Application of “4+1” Cooperation Mode in Alveolar Surgery. WANG Li, Huang Cong-fa, Ren Jian-gang, Cai Yu. 2016, 32(7): 720-722.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.014 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (786KB) ( 318 )   Objective: To explore the clinical value of“4+1” nursing cooperation mode in alveolar surgery. Methods: 526 patients undergoing the extraction of lower impacted wisdom teeth were randomly divided into two groups (control group: 255 cases; experimental group: 271 cases). In the experimental group, a circuit nurse was added compared to the control group only including four-hand operation. The operation time and postoperative complications were recorded and compared between two groups. Results: The operation time, degree of swelling and mouth-opening limitation, and incidence of infection were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group (P＜0.05). Additionally, the incidence of dry socket was extremely low, and there were no significant differences between two groups. Conclusion: Nursing cooperation mode of“4+1” in alveolar surgery could effectively reduce the operation time and risk of postoperative complications. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and Clinical Significance of CD147 and CypA in Periapical Granulomas and Radicular Cysts. HU Shu-li,WANG Yan-qing,DONG Yan,ZHANG Hong-yan. 2016, 32(7): 723-728.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.015 Abstract ( 257 )   PDF (2060KB) ( 178 )   Objective: To investigate the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (CD147) and Cyclophilin A (CypA) in periapical granulomas (PGs) and radicular cysts (RCs). The interaction of CD147 with CypA and their roles in periapical pathogenesis were also speculated. Methods: Thirty PGs and thirty-five RCs were collected after periapical surgery as the experimental samples. Eight alveolar bone samples were obtained from extraction of impacted third molars or alveoloplasty as the control samples. The lesion size was recorded by CBCT. The protein expression of CD147 and CypA was observed by immunohistochemical analysis for all samples. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the differences of expression of CD147 and CypA. Results: The expression of CD147 and CypA in RCs were higher than in PGs (P<0.05). Positive correlations between CD147 and CypA protein levels were observed in PGs and RCs (P<0.05), respectively. Furthermore, the expression of CD147 and CypA was positively correlated with the lesion size (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that CD147 and CypA might be involved in the inflammatory response, bone resorption of periapical lesions tissues. The CD147-CypA interactions may play a synergistic role in the development and progression of periapical lesion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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[doi] 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.016 Immunomodulatory Activity of Interleukin-27 in Human Chronic Periapical Diseases. LI Juan, SHEN Su-qian, LIANG Ze-zi, LIN Qi-lei, HUANG Shi-guang. 2016, 32(7): 728-732.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.016 Abstract ( 261 )   PDF (4623KB) ( 365 )   Objective: To observe the expression of IL-27 on different cells in the periapical tissues of human chronic periapical diseases. Methods: The periapical tissue specimens of 60 donors including healthy control (n=20), periapical granuloma (n=20) and radicular cyst (n=20) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathology, and double-immunofluorescence for identification of IL-27-tryptase (MCs), IL-27-CD14 (MPs) and IL-27-CD31 (ECs) double-positive cells. Results: Compared with the healthy control, the percentages (%) of double-positive cells were significantly increased in human chronic periapical diseases (P<0.01); the percentage of IL-27-tryptase double positive cells in radicular cyst was significantly higher than those in periapical granuloma (P<0.01); the percentages of IL-27-CD14 and IL-27-CD31 double-positive cells in periapical granuloma were not significant different from those in radicular cyst. Conclusion: IL-27 expressed in MCs, MPs and ECs of human chronic periapical diseases with different degree; IL-27-tryptase double-positive cells may participate in the pathogenic mechanism of chronic periapical diseases, especially in the formation of fibrous tissue in periapical cysts. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mutations Detection and Analysis of the DSPP Gene in Two Chinese Families with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II. YOU Yue-hua, DU Xin-ya, WU Bin, XIE Chun 2016, 32(7): 733-736.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.017 Abstract ( 291 )   PDF (1254KB) ( 494 )   Objective: To detect and analyze the mutations of the DSPP gene in two Chinese families with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type II (DGI-II). Methods: The general health status of family members with DGI-II was investigated. Oral specialized examination and radiological examination were performed. The peripheral venous blood of the probands and their families was collected. Genomic DNA was extracted, and DSPP gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA sequences were analyzed. Results: Teeth discoloration, attrition, and obliterated pulp chambers showed in affected members of two families. A missense mutation c.50C>T (p.P17L) in family A and a missense alteration c.506A>G (p.D169G) in family B were identified in DSPP. Conclusion: The two mutations of DSPP gene are the molecular basis of the pathogenesis of two DGI-II families. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Effect of Improved Mandibular Advancement Appliance on the OSA. XU Chao, QIN Meng, HE Jian-min, WANG Jun-lai, XIE Yu-ping, KANG Hong, MA Wei, HUI Pei-lin. 2016, 32(7): 737-741.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.018 Abstract ( 246 )   PDF (1126KB) ( 274 )   Objective: To improve the constructure of the common mandibular advancement appliance and evaluate the clinical effect of the modified oral appliance on the treatment of mild to moderate OSA. Methods: Forty patients with mild to moderate OSA(5＜AHI＜30) diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG) were included in the study. All subjects were divided into the experimental group and the control group randomly. The PSG was monitored for all subjects before and after 3 months treatment respectively. The diversity was calculated between two groups on the basis of the AHI, LSaO2, and sleep structures recorded by PSG. At the same time, the subjective symptom was collected by questionnaire. Results: Compared to pretreatment, 40 patients responded to the appliance therapy. Apnea hypopnea index in 18 patients of the experimental group was reduced by 50%, the efficiency was 90%, significantly higher than the control group. Lowest arterial oxygen saturation improved significantly in two groups (P<0.05) . The N1% was shorter and the N2% and N3% were longer compared with preoperative status in the experimental group (P<0.05). Disordered sleep patterns in the control group improved not obviously. Falling of snore guards didn't occur in the experimental group. Conclusion: Modified oral appliance is more effective in the treatment of mild to moderate OSA than traditional mandibular advancement appliance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cleaning Effect of Diode Laser on Smear Layer in Root Canals of Primary Teeth. DAI Shan-shan, XIAO Gang, ZHANG Lin, GUO Qing-yu. 2016, 32(7): 742-745.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.019 Abstract ( 229 )   PDF (2201KB) ( 279 )   Objective: To evaluate the efficiency on smear layer removal of primary teeth after irradiating with 810-nm Diode laser energy at different parameters. Methods: Sixty-six human anterior teeth with apical foramen extracted for retained primary teeth were selected. Samples were randomly divided into negative control group (n=6), positive control group (5.25% sodium hypochlorite, n=6) and experimental groups (Diode Laser, n=54). The experimental groups were divided into 6 subgroups due to different power protocols, including 0.1W, 0.5W, 1.0W, 1.5W, 2.0W, 2.5W, 3.0W, 3.5W and 4.0W. Teeth were subjected to scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the remaining smear layer was evaluated. Results: Diode laser at 1.0W, 1.5W and 2.0W removed the smear layer more effectively at the coronal, middle and apical thirds of root canals respectively, which demonstrated statistically significant differences compared to the lower power groups or the positive group (P<0.05), while these groups showed no significant differences compared to the high power groups. When the power was at 3.0W or more than 3.0W, a few parts of the dentin surface began to fuse. Conclusion: Diode Laser at 1.0-2.5W has a positive effect on removing smear layer of primary teeth and 2.0W is more appropriate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Study on Skeletal Anchorage Class III Intermaxillary Elastic Distraction System. AI Yi-long, WU Si-yuan, WANG Zeng-quan 2016, 32(7): 746-750.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.020 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (1469KB) ( 369 )   Objective: To study the effect of skeletal anchorage class III intermaxillary elastic distraction system on hard tissue and temporomandibular joint structure of skeletal Class III malocclusions patients. Methods: Forty skeletal class III malocclusion patients who needed protraction treatment were recruited for the study. Patients were assigned into experimental group and control group in accordance with their choice after explain the treatment plan. In the experimental group, after rapid maxillary expansion, implants were inserted to bilateral zygomatic ridge and tightly ligated with rapid maxillary expansion to form a rigid structure. A splint was bonded in mandibular arch for 24 hours and class III intermaxillary elastic (3.5OZ/side) distraction was performed between implant and splint. In the control group, after rapid maxillary expansion, traditional protraction facemask was used with 500g/side. The average course of treatment was 9 months. Cephalometric analysis before and after treatment was used to evaluate the changes of hard tissues of patients. CBCT examination before and after treatment was used to analyze the change of temporomandibular joint. Results: Class III malocclusion was improved in all patients. Profile changed from concave to straight. Anterior teeth became normal overbite and overjet. Upper and lower anterior teeth axis inclination had no obvious change, maxillary growth forward, point A moved forward; SNA and ANB increased; SNB had no obvious change; mandibular angle increased with clockwise rotation. The morphological structure of the temporomandibular joint was good. And the anterior, superior, posterior, lateral and medial temporomandibular joint spaces had no change before and after treatment. Compared with the control group, maxilla of the experiment group had no rotation and upper incisors had no obvious labial inclination, but lower incisors appeared obvious lingual 基金项目 佛山市医学类科技攻关项目(编号:2014AB00389) 佛山市科技创新专项资金(编号:2015AG10015) 作者简介 艾毅龙(1976~ ),男,江西人,学士,主治医师,主 要从事口腔正畸临床与科研工作。 *通讯作者 王增全,E-mail:420064165@qq.com tipping. Conclusion: Skeletal anchorage class III intermaxillary elastic distraction system can improve the growth of nasomaxillary complex and had no adverse effect on the temporomandibular joint. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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SuperBond C&B Adhesive System for the Stabilization of Loose Teeth: A Clinical Trial. LI Dan, CHEN Yue, ZHANG Jiang-lin, WANG Hao-yu, LUO Ning 2016, 32(7): 751-754.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.021 Abstract ( 263 )   PDF (797KB) ( 326 )   Objective: To compare the clinical effect of SuperBond C&B adhesive system with traditional materials as splint for the stabilization of loose teeth. Methods: After basic periodontal treatment, 228 anterior teeth were randomly divided into three groups: SuperBond C&B (A), Ligation silk composite resin (B) and BiosplintTM (C). Splint fracture rate, periodontal index and objective satisfaction were examined. Fracture rate was detected in 10 posterior teeth splinted with SuperBond C&B. Results: The splint fracture rate in Group A was higher than that of Group B and C 1 month and 3 months after splinting. The calculus index and gingival index in Group A was inferior to that of Group B and Group C. For loose posterior teeth, the SuperBond C&B splinting showed high fracture rate. Conclusion: SuperBond C&B adhesive system is conductive to oral hygiene, aesthetics and comfort for patients, and can be also used in posterior teeth temporarily splinting. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy of Beyond Cold-light Tooth Bleaching Combined with De-fluoride on Dental Fluorosis. ZHANG Pei-miao, WANG Qian, LI Feng, JIN Li-min, YU Wei-wei, TIAN Li-ping. 2016, 32(7): 755-756.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.022 Abstract ( 314 )   PDF (896KB) ( 371 )   Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Beyond cold-light tooth bleaching combined with de-fluoride on dental fluorosis. Methods: Forty patients with dental fluorosis were treated with Beyond cold-light tooth bleaching combined with de-fluoride. Before and after bleaching, the whitening effects were evaluated by Vita shade guide and white photographic. Results: Cold light bleaching combined with de-fluoride successfully improved tooth color more than six levels. Conclusion: Beyond bleaching technique combined with de-fluoride is a simple and effective treatment on dental fluorosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Self-etching Primer Adhesives in Deciduous Molars with Pit and Fissure Sealant. LI Wen-min 2016, 32(7): 757-759.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.023 Abstract ( 290 )   PDF (782KB) ( 213 )   Objective: To observe the rate of the sealant reservation and caries prevention of pit and fissure sealant on the primary molars etched with self-etching adhesive and phosphoric acid within 18 months. Methods: There were 75 children including 300 second primary molars to be studied. The split mouth design was used in this study. One side of the mouth was randomly chosen for the experiment group using self-etching adhesive way, and the other side using phosphoric acid way was for the control group. Operation time, the sealant reservation rates and the caries condition after 6, 12 and 18 months were recorded. Results: The operation time for the teeth of the experiment group (103±10s) was statistically shorter than that of control group (210±24s, P<0.05). After 6, 12 and 18 months, the retention rates were 98.67%, 97.33% and 92.67% in the experiment group, while 97.33%, 96.67% and 90% in the control group. The caries rates were 0%, 0.67% and 2.67% in the experiment group, while 0.67%, 1.33% and 4% in the control group. However, there was no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: The use of self-etching adhesive for primary molar pit and fissure sealant can shorten the operation time, reduce the need of children compliance, and is suitable for clinical application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation Analysis between Serum Leptin and Periodontal Indexes of Patients with Refractory Periodontitis. XU Zheng-mao, LIU Min, TIAN Li-hua 2016, 32(7): 760-763.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.024 Abstract ( 241 )   PDF (1118KB) ( 249 )   Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum leptin and periodontal indices of patients with refractory periodontitis. Methods: The study comprised of total 120 subjects (healthy controls=40, chronic periodontitis patients=40, and refractory periodontitis patients=40). The indices were detected including periodontal pocket probing depth (PD), plaque index (PLI), periodontal attachment level (AL) and the related changes in bleeding on probing (BOP). The expression levels of glycated hemoglobin (HBALC) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were examined by liquid chromatography. The serum leptin (LEP) expression level was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The expression levels of HBALC (10.902±2.129)%, FPG (9.783±2.109) mmol/L, and LEP (1.347±0.658) μg/L in refractory periodontitis group were significantly higher than those of the chronic periodontitis group and healthy controls (HBALC (5.601±0.375), (5.142±0.319)%, FPG (5.689±0.712), (5.432±0.467) mmol/L, LEP (0.912±0.256), (0.462±0.119) μg/L (P<0.05)). There was a positive correlation between the expression level of serum leptin and the clinical periodontal indices including PD, AL, PLI and BOP (R values were 0.497, 0.534, 0.509 and 0.571 (P<0.05)). Conclusion: Expression levels of serum leptin is upregulated in patients with refractory periodontitis, which is positively correlated with PD, AL, PLI and BOP, respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and Significance of Integrin-linked Kinase and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. JIN Yong-yong 2016, 32(7): 764-767.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.025 Abstract ( 250 )   PDF (996KB) ( 236 )   Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Methods: 59 cases of SACC specimens and 42 cases of normal salivary gland tissues were collected. The expression of ILK and MMP-9 in SACC and normal tissues were detected by using QRT-PCR technology. Results: The mRNA expression levels of ILK and MMP-9 were significantly higher in SACC tissues than those in control group (P<0.05), and they were positively correlated in SACC tissues (r=0.586, P=0.000). The expression of ILK and MMP-9 in SACC tissues were correlated with disease subtype, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of ILK and MMP-9 in entity and tubular type were obviously higher than sieve-like type (P<0.05). Conclusion: Up-regulation of ILK and MMP-9 may synergistically promote the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells in SACC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial Aging Tests of Resin Composite with Influencing Factors and New Progress. YU Jian, SONG Ai-yang, FENG Dan, JIN Jie, ZHU Song 2016, 32(7): 768-770.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.026 Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (800KB) ( 367 )   Resin composite artificial aging tests are a kind of important research methods and means in vitro to evaluate the aging resistance properties of resin composite.This paper reviews three types of resin composite artificial aging tests with their influencing factors and recent progress. It is expected to compare advantages and disadvantages between different arfificial aging tests and to introduce the newest progress in resin composite artificial aging tests. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Status of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. WANG Dan-dan, QIN Shan, WU Zai-hui*, GUO Yan-chuan. 2016, 32(7): 771-775.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2016.07.027 Abstract ( 248 )   PDF (848KB) ( 352 )   Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a new-type dental material emerged in recent years. It is nontoxic, antimicrobial, sealable, and biocompatible. MTA has been used in pulp capping, pulpotomy, root-end filling, repair of root perforations, apexification and apical barrier formation. Since MTA was first reported in 1993, a lot of researches have been done on various aspects of this material. This article is to review the physicochemical properties, biological characteristics and clinical applications of MTA. References | Related Articles | Metrics