Effects of Nano-morphologic Titanium Implant on Osteointegration in Osteoporostic Rats

doi:10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.06.012

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of nano-topography of titanium implant formed by surface modification on osseointegration in osteoporotic rats. Methods: Titanium slices and titanium implants were treated with alkali-heat and hydrothermal treatment as the nanostructure group, and without surface treatment as the control group. Scanning electronic microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, contact angle measuring instrument, and protein adsorption assay were used to analyze the surface morphology, element composition, hydrophilcity, and protein adsorption capacity of the samples. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of osteoporotic rats were seeded on the sample surfaces. The actin and nucleus were stained to observe cell adhesion. The cell proliferation activity was assessed using cell counting kit-8 assay. The gene expression of ALP, BMP-2, COL-1, OPN, and OCN were examined by qRT-PCR. In addition, rat osteoporosis model was established by bilateral ovariectomy. Two groups of titanium implants were implanted into the femoral condyles of osteoporotic rats. The osseointegration of the implants in vivo was analyzed by micro-CT. Results: After surface modification, nano-scale morphology was formed on the surface of titanium, which had better hydrophilcity (P < 0.01) and protein adsorption ability (P<0.05). The formation of nano-topography effectively improved cell adhesion, and the cells exhibited better proliferation activity on the nano-morphologic titanium slices (P<0.05). The gene expression of ALP, BMP-2, COL-1, OPN, and OCN of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were also promoted by the nano-morphology (P<0.01). Surface modified implants had better bone-implant contact in vivo in osteoporotic rats (P<0.01). Conclusion: Alkali-heat and hydrothermal treatment formed the nano-topography with excellent hydrophilicity and protein adsorption ability, which significantly promoted the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of osteoporotic rats, and improved the osseointegration of implants under osteoporosis.

Key words: osseointegration, osteoporosis, surface modification, nano-morphology, alkali-heat treatment

ZHANG Cheng, GENG Tengyu, WANG Jing, YUAN Changyong, WANG Penglai. Effects of Nano-morphologic Titanium Implant on Osteointegration in Osteoporostic Rats[J]. Journal of Oral Science Research, 2022, 38(6): 545-552.

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