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The S3 Level Clinical Diagnosis and Practice Guideline of Stage Ⅳ Severe Periodontitis Based on 2018 EFP/AAP Classification CAO Zhengguo, GAO Ya, ZENG Yu Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (11): 943-951.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.11.001 Abstract （341）      PDF （8311KB）（1772）       The early symptoms of periodontitis are not obvious, while it always accompanied by severe alveolar ridge defects, tooth drifting, flaring, and even tooth loss in advanced stage. It leads to a heavy burden on the country, society, and patients themselves with high prevalence. In 2018, consensus reports on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions were published by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and European Federation of Periodontology (EFP), which divided periodontitis into four stages and three grades. Subsequently, the EFP has published S3-level clinical guidelines for the treatment of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ periodontitis. This article will discuss the clinical diagnosis and treatment practice of severe periodontitis based on the 2018 Classification with a case of periodontitis (stage Ⅳ, grade C). Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transcriptome Sequencing Screened Differentially Expressed Genes in Leuk-1 Cells under Paeoniflorin Condition XIAO Lijun, CHEN Qianming, WU Yuqi, YANG Jiantang Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 527-533.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.012 Abstract （181）      PDF （1228KB）（1627）       Objective: To analyze the gene expression of Leuk-1 cells regulated by paeoniflorin based on transcriptome sequencing, to excavate and analyze key genes, to study the mechanism of paeoniflorin on Leuk-1 cells, and to explore its medicinal value. Methods: Transcriptome analyze were carried out on Leuk-1 cells in zero, low (5 μmol/L), and high (10 μmol/L) concentration groups. A series of different expression genes (DEGs) were screened, and the gene function and pathways of DEGs were annotated by Gene Ontology enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis. Results: Among 1212 DEGs identified in Leuk-1 cells under the influence of paeoniflorin, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment in immune response, humoral immune response, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase activity, serine-type endopeptidase activity, extracellular space, extracellular region, endoplasmic reticulum, and other pathways. KEGG pathways enrichment indicated that DEGs were significantly enriched in Herpes simplex virus 1 infection, pathways in cancer, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, human papillomavirus infection, and other pathways. RT-qPCR examination of DEGs confirmed that accuracy of RNA-seq analysis. The role of paeoniflorin was mainly reflected in antiviral infection, tumor inhibition, protection of epithelial integrity, and immune regulation. Conclusion: The results of this experiment provided a reference to further study the molecular mechanism and provided clues to explore the prevention and treatment of oral mucosal diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Dycal and Glass Ion Double Bottom and Dycal Single Bottom in the Treatment of Deep Caries in Proximal Surface of Deciduous Molars WANG Wei, CAO Yan Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (7): 666-668.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.07.017 Abstract （310）      PDF （790KB）（1354）       Objective: To observe the curative effect of Dycal and glass ion double bottom and Dycal single bottom in the treatment of deep caries in proximal surface of deciduous molars. Methods: A total of 100 patients with deep caries in the proximal surface of deciduous molars were randomly divided into groups. In the first group, Dycal calcium hydroxide substrate and glass ion sandwich substrate were used to enamel dentin boundary, and then, 3M composite resin was used to fill the enamel layer. In the second group, the enamel layer was filled with 3M resin layer after Dycal monolayer. Results: For deep caries in the proximal surface of deciduous molars, the success rate of Dycal and glass ion double substrate was higher than that of Dycal single substrate. The incidence of clinical symptoms and abscission rate were lower than that of the Dycal monolayer group. Conclusion: It is suggested to use Dycal and glass ion double bottom to treat deep caries in the proximal surface of deciduous molars. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Progress of Artificial Intelligence in Orthodontic Diagnosis, Treatment, and Soft Tissue Prediction LIU Jiayi, ZHOU Yanheng Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (10): 862-865.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.10.002 Abstract （414）      PDF （825KB）（1219）       In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence in the field of orthodontics is increasing, and many artificial intelligence models are applied to orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, prognosis prediction, etc. The research shows that the application of artificial intelligence in orthodontics can improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment with high accuracy, but there are also problems such as insufficient data, single sample source, poor interpretability of artificial intelligence model, etc. This review intends to provide an overview of the effectiveness of artificial intelligence models used in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and facial profile prediction after orthodontic treatment or orthognathic surgery, so as to comprehensively understand the status of artificial intelligence in orthodontics and provide reference for relevant research and clinical application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advancements in Application of Copper Death in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Cancer WANG Chenchen, XU Yu Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (9): 771-774.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.09.002 Abstract （254）      PDF （812KB）（1113）       Oral cancer is the sixth most frequently occurring type of cancer in the world, whose incidence is on the rise in China. How to alleviate patients'pain and improve their prognosis through effective treatment is an issue worthy of our research and discussion. Recent research has identified a copper-dependent form of cell death known as 'cuprotosis'. Copper binds directly to the lipid acylated fraction involved in mitochondrial respiration, contributing to the aggregation of lipidated proteins and the reduction of iron-sulphur cluster proteins, resulting in a proteotoxic response that leads to cell death. Because abnormalities of copper homeostasis in the body can affect the growth of tumour cells, the efficacy of copper homeostasis in the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies has attracted much attention in recent years. This paper briefly describes three copper-mediated anti-tumour mechanisms and a variety of novel copper complexes involved in solving clinical problems in oral malignancies. We hope that this will provide a reference for the clinical management of oral cancer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Challenges, Key Factors and Progress of Periodontal Regeneration Therapy YAN Fuhua, YUAN Zhiyao Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 473-478.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.001 Abstract （658）      PDF （1036KB）（1100）       The ultimate goal of periodontal disease treatment is to achieve periodontal tissue regeneration. However, it is difficult to achieve a true periodontal regeneration. Increasing the clinical predictability of periodontal regeneration and restoring the structure and function of cementum-periodontal ligament-alveolar bone complex remain great challenges. This article provides a brief overview of the challenges faced in periodontal regeneration treatment and explores the possible solutions based on the key elements of periodontal regeneration and recent research progress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advance in Endodontic Regeneration Treatment of Immature Permanent Teeth Reziyaguli·AKEMU, YANG Guobin Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (5): 408-411.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.05.005 Abstract （498）      PDF （878KB）（1091）       Endodontic regeneration treatment refers the best use of biological and tissue engineering techniques that protect dental pulp cells, dental papilla mesenchymal stem cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells by perfecting and effective root canal disinfection. Blood clots provides a good microenvironment for stem cell proliferation and differentiation and promotes the continued root development. This article introduces the historical research, biological basis, indications, procedures, efficacy evaluation, and complications of pulp revascularization of immature permanent teeth and provides guidance for clinical operations. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Facial Scanner in Stomatology YANG Qi, LIU Xiaoqiu Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (4): 316-319.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.04.005 Abstract （555）      PDF （798KB）（962）       The facial scanner is a non-contact, non-invasive instrument which can measure and reconstruct facial soft tissues. It is widely used in many fields such as anthropometrics, criminal investigation, disease diagnosis, anthropological research, and stomatology. This article reviews the types of facial scanners, their working principles, and their applications in dentistry, as well as prospects for their future development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances of Pulpotomy in Permanent Teeth: from Fundamental to Clinical Application LANG Xuelian, HU Tao Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (10): 866-870.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.10.003 Abstract （379）      PDF （849KB）（930）       Pulpotomy is the routine of vital pulp therapy. Based on the theory of minimally invasive endodontics (MIE), the physiological function of soft and hard tissues can be preserved to the maximum extent. In order to ensure the clinical prognosis of pulpotomy, this article reviewed the basic and clinical literature of pulpotomy in recent years and summarized the clinical operating procedures, with hope to provide some references for future clinical practice and research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Pain Management after Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ZHOU Shizheng, ZOU Haixiao Journal of Oral Science Research    2024, 40 (2): 103-107.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.02.002 Abstract （241）      PDF （806KB）（812）       In order to relieve the postoperative pain and improve the quality of life, relevant experts recommend systematic management of tooth extraction pain, so as to improve the prognosis of patients. This review aimed to introduce the mechanism and types of pain and the intervention of pain after mandibular third molars extraction, with a view to provide guidance for the clinical management of pain in mandibular impacted third molars extraction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advance on Examination Methods of Invasion Depth of Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma CHEN Zhuoxuan, CHEN Linlin Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 487-490.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.004 Abstract （233）      PDF （959KB）（786）       Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy of the oral and maxillofacial region. The 8th edition Cancer Staging Manual of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) refines the T categorization of oral cancer by incorporating the depth of invasion. The implementation of neck dissection is determined by the precise depth of invasion before surgery, and it is also beneficial to the evaluation of prognosis. This review summarizes the methods of histopathology, intraoral ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging to measure the depth of invasion of OSCC in recent years. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Biomarkers Related to Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Gingival Crevicular Fluid GUAN Jiani, YAN Bin Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (5): 400-403.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.05.003 Abstract （356）      PDF （818KB）（778）       Gingival crevicular fluid is a kind of tissue permeation fluid in gingival sulcus and periodontal pocket. The application of orthodontic force to teeth will lead to remodeling of periodontal tissue and changes of biochemical mediators in gingival crevicular fluid. Analyzing the changes of specific biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement is helpful for doctors to understand the remodeling status of patients' periodontal tissue and monitor tooth movement, so as to develop personalized orthodontic treatment plan for patients, shorten the treatment period, and avoid adverse reactions. At present, the biological processes of biomarkers related to orthodontic tooth movement in gingival crevicular fluid can be divided into three categories: inflammation, bone resorption and formation, and tissue injury and repair. This article reviews the potential biomarkers related to orthodontic tooth movement in gingival crevicular fluid. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Relationship and Mechanism between Sleep Disorder and Periodontitis YE Gang, SHAN Lihua Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (2): 105-108.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.02.003 Abstract （357）      PDF （796KB）（760）       Periodontitis is a common disease of oral cavity. In recent years, many studies have shown that sleep disorder is associated with periodontitis, and its mechanism may involve psychological stress, circadian rhythm disorder, systemic inflammation, immune suppression, and systemic fatigue, which provides a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of periodontitis. This article reviews the relationship and mechanism between sleep disturbance and periodontitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Factors Influencing the Color and Translucency of Full-contour Zirconia Restorations CHEN Xiaodong, XING Wenzhong Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (4): 299-303.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.04.001 Abstract （356）      PDF （937KB）（749）       The clinical application of zirconia restorations can be divided into two main categories: the bilayer composite structure (zirconia-based with veneering ceramic) and the monolithic zirconia restoration (full-contour zirconia). It has always been one of the focuses of clinical researches that how the monolithic zirconia materials improve the aesthetic properties of full-contour zirconia restorations and ensure their mechanical strength. This article introduces the factors influencing the color and translucency of full-contour zirconia restorations from the aspects of material factors, manufacturing factors, and clinical factors, and analyses the effect of metamerism and low temperature degradation on the aesthetic properties of zirconia material for better clinical application of full-contour zirconia restoration in density. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Role of Nerve in Repair of Damaged Dental Pulp WANG Chunmeng, ZHANG Qi Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (12): 1110-1114.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.12.002 Abstract （315）      PDF （859KB）（740）       The defense and self-repair function of pulp is the biological basis of damaged pulp repair and vital pulp therapy. As an important part of pulp tissue, nerve may play a role as the initiating factor after pulp injury. Pulp injury not only results in the changes of nerve distribution, structure, and signal transduction, but also affects other tissues and cells through related bioactive molecules. This article summarizes and discusses the role of nerve in pulp injury repair in recent years, with aid to provide reference and theoretical guidance for clinical treatment of vital pulp therapy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress and Clinical Significance of Implant Neck Design. ZHOU Yanmin, WANG Hanchi Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (11): 1005-1009.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.001 Abstract （316）      PDF （915KB）（707）       The design and development of dental implants lead the progress of implant technology and further influence the clinical treatment outcomes. The different neck structure design of implant is closely related to the stability of marginal bone, the health of peri-implant tissue, and the aesthetic effect, which is the key factor to determine the survival rate and success rate of implant in clinical treatment. This review summarizes the development process and suitable conditions of dental implant neck from both macroscopic aspect, such as platform design, diameter and thread, and microscopic aspect, such as surface roughness, in order to assist clinician to choose appropriate implant and provide personalized plan according to the patients' condition in the process of diagnosis and treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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DNA Vaccine pVAX1-GbpA/GBD on Immunization of Rabbits by Different Methods LI Hu, GUAN Xiaoyan, LI Min, DONG Jingnan, XIAO Qianwen, BAI Guohui, WANG Mingwei, LIU Jianguo Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (7): 640-646.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.07.012 Abstract （166）      PDF （2202KB）（703）       Objective: To compare the immune effects of poly (lactic/glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol-poly (lactic/glycolic acid) hydrogel sustained-release anti-caries gene vaccine pVAX1-GbpA/GBD through different immunization routes. Methods: The temperature-sensitive biodegradable hydrogel PLGA-PEG-PLGA was mixed with recombinant plasmid pVAX1-GbpA/GBD and blank control. Twenty-eight New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups (4 in each group). Plasmid pVAX1-GbpA/GBD was applied through intramuscular injection, oral administration, subcutaneous injection, or intranasal drip to rabbits. The control groups were intramuscular injection of pVAX1, oral administration of pVAX1 and hydrogel, and intramuscular injection of saline. All rabbits were immunized three times. After the first-time immunity, these rabbits need interval one week to strengthen the immunity by the same dosage, and then interval two weeks to strengthen the immunity 2nd time. The antibody responses induced by the vaccines were detected by indirect ELISA method. And the expression of recombinant protein was detected by immunohistochemistry technique. Results: (1) After 2 weeks of immunization, the levels of specific IgA antibody and IgG antibody in the saliva of 4 groups with anti caries gene vaccine increased significantly ( P<0.05). The IgA anti GTF antibody level reached the highest in the 6th week, and the IgA anti GTF antibody level in the oral administration group was higher than those in the other 6 groups in the 4th week. The level of IgA anti GTF antibody in the submandibular gland injection group was higher than those in the other 6 groups at 6 and 10 weeks. The levels of IgA anti GTF antibody in the oral administration group and submandibular gland injection group were higher than those in the other groups at 8 and 12 weeks ( P<0.05), however, no significant difference between them ( P>0.05). (2) The levels of specific IgA antibody and IgG antibody in the serum of caries prevention gene vaccine group increased significantly 2 weeks after immunization ( P<0.05). The level of IgG anti GTF antibody in the oral administration group was higher than those in the other 6 groups at 3, 6, and 10 weeks ( P<0.05). The level of IgG anti GTF antibody in the submandibular gland injection group was higher than those in the other 6 groups at 4 and 8 weeks ( P<0.05). (3) Immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive expression of pvax1 gbpA/GBD target protein was observed in the immune sites of four groups of anti caries gene vaccine group. The staining of pvax1 gbpA/GBD protein was obvious and strongly expressed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells in the small intestinal mucosa of oral vaccine group and in the cytoplasm of ductal region of submandibular gland injection group. Conclusion: Through 4 immunization ways, the hydrogel sustained-release pVAX1-GbpA/GBD vaccine can induce effective systemic and mucosal immune response and maintain long time. The antibody levels induced by oral administration and submandibular gland injection are better. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Minimally Invasive Extraction of Deeply Embedded Mesiodens: A Case Report FAN Guo, WU Yang Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (5): 484-486.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.05.019 Abstract （375）      PDF （4028KB）（693）       According to minimally invasive principles, the extraction of deeply embedded mesiodens procedures must avoid to injure adjacent teeth, pyriform foramen, nasal mucosa, nasal spine, and other important structures. This paper reported a case of minimally invasive extraction of two deeply embedded mesiodens medial to nasal spine. The bone structure of nasal spine was preserved by bilateral invasive approaches. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Quaternary Ammonium Monomer Dimethylaminododecyl Methacrylate-modified Dental Materials FENG Xue, CHENG Lei Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (5): 396-399.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.05.002 Abstract （397）      PDF （836KB）（693）       The ecological unbalance between oral microbes and host may induce infectious diseases, such as dental caries, periodontal diseases, candidiasis, peri-implantitis, and so on. Therefore, it is beneficial for dental materials with antimicrobial properties to prevent these illnesses. Dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM), a kind of quaternary ammonium salts, presents wide and remarkable antibacterial properties and is able to crosslink with substrate materials. DMADDM-modified dental materials can function as a non-releasing and long-lasting antibiotics. This paper reviews the antibiotic properties, antibacterial mechanism, and study of bacterial resistance of DMADDM-modified dental materials in recent years Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Construction of Dynamic 3D Finite Element Model of Temporomandibular Joint LUO Liangyu, LIU Jun Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (8): 715-717.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.08.003 Abstract （412）      PDF （765KB）（692）       The healthy temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is of vital importance to basic physiological functions such as mastication, swallowing, and speech. Temporomandibular joint disorders are possibly related to abnormal stress distribution in the TMJ. However, it is not feasible to directly measure the complex stress and strain distribution patterns in the TMJ by conventional measurements. Dynamic three-dimensional finite element analysis has become the main method to study the biomechanics of TMJ due to its accurate and non-invasive nature. However, there are significant differences in the geometric similarity and degree of mechanical simulation between different modelling methods. In this paper, the geometric model construction, material properties, contact relationship, and the kinematic loading of TMJ are reviewed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics