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The S3 Level Clinical Diagnosis and Practice Guideline of Stage Ⅳ Severe Periodontitis Based on 2018 EFP/AAP Classification CAO Zhengguo, GAO Ya, ZENG Yu Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (11): 943-951.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.11.001 Abstract （209）      PDF （8311KB）（1094）       The early symptoms of periodontitis are not obvious, while it always accompanied by severe alveolar ridge defects, tooth drifting, flaring, and even tooth loss in advanced stage. It leads to a heavy burden on the country, society, and patients themselves with high prevalence. In 2018, consensus reports on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions were published by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and European Federation of Periodontology (EFP), which divided periodontitis into four stages and three grades. Subsequently, the EFP has published S3-level clinical guidelines for the treatment of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ periodontitis. This article will discuss the clinical diagnosis and treatment practice of severe periodontitis based on the 2018 Classification with a case of periodontitis (stage Ⅳ, grade C). Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Dycal and Glass Ion Double Bottom and Dycal Single Bottom in the Treatment of Deep Caries in Proximal Surface of Deciduous Molars WANG Wei, CAO Yan Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (7): 666-668.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.07.017 Abstract （271）      PDF （790KB）（1059）       Objective: To observe the curative effect of Dycal and glass ion double bottom and Dycal single bottom in the treatment of deep caries in proximal surface of deciduous molars. Methods: A total of 100 patients with deep caries in the proximal surface of deciduous molars were randomly divided into groups. In the first group, Dycal calcium hydroxide substrate and glass ion sandwich substrate were used to enamel dentin boundary, and then, 3M composite resin was used to fill the enamel layer. In the second group, the enamel layer was filled with 3M resin layer after Dycal monolayer. Results: For deep caries in the proximal surface of deciduous molars, the success rate of Dycal and glass ion double substrate was higher than that of Dycal single substrate. The incidence of clinical symptoms and abscission rate were lower than that of the Dycal monolayer group. Conclusion: It is suggested to use Dycal and glass ion double bottom to treat deep caries in the proximal surface of deciduous molars. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Smart Biomaterials in Dentistry HE Yanjin, CHEN Wenchuan Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (1): 9-12.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.01.002 Abstract （603）      PDF （813KB）（809）       Biomedical materials are biofunctional materials used to repair or replace damaged tissues and organs, or to enhance their functions. With the collaborative development of materials science, materials manufacturing science, molecular cell biology, and other disciplines, the research and application of biomedical materials have made great progress. The smart biomaterials are a new generation of biomaterials that can sense and respond to external stimuli. Compared with the previous biomaterials, they emphasize the interaction and dynamic regulation between materials and tissues. The smart biomaterials show excellent performance and efficacy in dentistry such as targeted drug delivery carriers and tissue engineering scaffolds because of their good tissue reaction. This article reviews the development of biomedical materials and the research progress of smart biomaterials in dentistry, aiming to promote their research and clinical application in dentistry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Facial Scanner in Stomatology YANG Qi, LIU Xiaoqiu Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (4): 316-319.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.04.005 Abstract （477）      PDF （798KB）（794）       The facial scanner is a non-contact, non-invasive instrument which can measure and reconstruct facial soft tissues. It is widely used in many fields such as anthropometrics, criminal investigation, disease diagnosis, anthropological research, and stomatology. This article reviews the types of facial scanners, their working principles, and their applications in dentistry, as well as prospects for their future development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advance in Endodontic Regeneration Treatment of Immature Permanent Teeth Reziyaguli·AKEMU, YANG Guobin Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (5): 408-411.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.05.005 Abstract （415）      PDF （878KB）（774）       Endodontic regeneration treatment refers the best use of biological and tissue engineering techniques that protect dental pulp cells, dental papilla mesenchymal stem cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells by perfecting and effective root canal disinfection. Blood clots provides a good microenvironment for stem cell proliferation and differentiation and promotes the continued root development. This article introduces the historical research, biological basis, indications, procedures, efficacy evaluation, and complications of pulp revascularization of immature permanent teeth and provides guidance for clinical operations. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Gingipain of Porphyromonas Gingivalis WANG Dan, MENG Weiyan Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (3): 216-219.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.03.003 Abstract （482）      PDF （826KB）（733）       Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues. It could give a rise to a progressive loss of attachment by destructing the connective tissue and alveolar bone, and may eventually lead to tooth loss. Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is an important pathogen of chronic periodontitis, which expresses several virulence factors, including lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae, hemagglutinins, and cysteine proteinases. Among them, gingipains (belonging to cysteine proteinases) account for most (85%) of the general proteolytic activity caused by P. gingivalis, and have been considered as the essential virulence factor. This review discusses the gingipains's classification, secretion, pathogenic effects, and inhibitors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk Assessment of Oral Diseases and Therapy CHEN Zhi, ZHOU Linfang Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (1): 1-8.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.01.001 Abstract （432）      PDF （1259KB）（695）       Risk assessment is to quantify the possible degree of impact or loss caused by a certain event or thing. Evaluating the risks of oral diseases and diagnoses and treatment techniques can effectively discover the risk factors of oral diseases, and deal with and control various risks during diagnosis and treatment process of oral diseases. This article introduces the commonly used risk assessment systems or risk assessment tools in the course of the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases, and looks for evidence-based medicine to evaluate the commonly used risk assessment systems. The author calls for improving the current process of diagnosis and treatment, and attaching importance to the development and promotion of various risk assessment systems. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Progress of Artificial Intelligence in Orthodontic Diagnosis, Treatment, and Soft Tissue Prediction LIU Jiayi, ZHOU Yanheng Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (10): 862-865.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.10.002 Abstract （302）      PDF （825KB）（694）       In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence in the field of orthodontics is increasing, and many artificial intelligence models are applied to orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, prognosis prediction, etc. The research shows that the application of artificial intelligence in orthodontics can improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment with high accuracy, but there are also problems such as insufficient data, single sample source, poor interpretability of artificial intelligence model, etc. This review intends to provide an overview of the effectiveness of artificial intelligence models used in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and facial profile prediction after orthodontic treatment or orthognathic surgery, so as to comprehensively understand the status of artificial intelligence in orthodontics and provide reference for relevant research and clinical application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transcriptome Sequencing Screened Differentially Expressed Genes in Leuk-1 Cells under Paeoniflorin Condition XIAO Lijun, CHEN Qianming, WU Yuqi, YANG Jiantang Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 527-533.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.012 Abstract （118）      PDF （1228KB）（671）       Objective: To analyze the gene expression of Leuk-1 cells regulated by paeoniflorin based on transcriptome sequencing, to excavate and analyze key genes, to study the mechanism of paeoniflorin on Leuk-1 cells, and to explore its medicinal value. Methods: Transcriptome analyze were carried out on Leuk-1 cells in zero, low (5 μmol/L), and high (10 μmol/L) concentration groups. A series of different expression genes (DEGs) were screened, and the gene function and pathways of DEGs were annotated by Gene Ontology enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis. Results: Among 1212 DEGs identified in Leuk-1 cells under the influence of paeoniflorin, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment in immune response, humoral immune response, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase activity, serine-type endopeptidase activity, extracellular space, extracellular region, endoplasmic reticulum, and other pathways. KEGG pathways enrichment indicated that DEGs were significantly enriched in Herpes simplex virus 1 infection, pathways in cancer, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, human papillomavirus infection, and other pathways. RT-qPCR examination of DEGs confirmed that accuracy of RNA-seq analysis. The role of paeoniflorin was mainly reflected in antiviral infection, tumor inhibition, protection of epithelial integrity, and immune regulation. Conclusion: The results of this experiment provided a reference to further study the molecular mechanism and provided clues to explore the prevention and treatment of oral mucosal diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of Glass Ionomer Cement Modified by Nano-fillers ZHU Keshi, REN Liling Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (1): 13-16.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.01.003 Abstract （270）      PDF （815KB）（665）       Glass ionomer cement (GIC) has been universally used for tooth restoration. However, its insufficient antibacterial and mechanical properties usually lead to damage and secondary caries, resulting in the treatment failure. With the development of material technology, nano particle came into existence and has been utilized in the modification of GIC due to its excellent properties. However, current studies are still imperfect. Here, the researches on GIC modified by different nano-fillers are systematically reviewed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Mechanism of Macrophages Affecting Bone Formation NIE Zhangling, BAO Chongyun Journal of Oral Science Research    2021, 37 (11): 966-969.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2021.11.002 Abstract （640）      PDF （827KB）（649）       Macrophages play a key role in bone formation, and their specific performance is regulated by multiple complex biological mechanisms. Specifically, certain signaling molecules secreted by macrophages, such as oncostatin M (OSM), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), have a key role in osteogenesis. In addition, polarized subtypes of macrophages also play a regulatory role at different stages of osteogenesis. This article reviews the research progress of the related mechanisms of macrophages influencing bone formation in recent years. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advancements in Application of Copper Death in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Cancer WANG Chenchen, XU Yu Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (9): 771-774.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.09.002 Abstract （187）      PDF （812KB）（637）       Oral cancer is the sixth most frequently occurring type of cancer in the world, whose incidence is on the rise in China. How to alleviate patients'pain and improve their prognosis through effective treatment is an issue worthy of our research and discussion. Recent research has identified a copper-dependent form of cell death known as 'cuprotosis'. Copper binds directly to the lipid acylated fraction involved in mitochondrial respiration, contributing to the aggregation of lipidated proteins and the reduction of iron-sulphur cluster proteins, resulting in a proteotoxic response that leads to cell death. Because abnormalities of copper homeostasis in the body can affect the growth of tumour cells, the efficacy of copper homeostasis in the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies has attracted much attention in recent years. This paper briefly describes three copper-mediated anti-tumour mechanisms and a variety of novel copper complexes involved in solving clinical problems in oral malignancies. We hope that this will provide a reference for the clinical management of oral cancer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Factors Influencing the Color and Translucency of Full-contour Zirconia Restorations CHEN Xiaodong, XING Wenzhong Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (4): 299-303.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.04.001 Abstract （305）      PDF （937KB）（623）       The clinical application of zirconia restorations can be divided into two main categories: the bilayer composite structure (zirconia-based with veneering ceramic) and the monolithic zirconia restoration (full-contour zirconia). It has always been one of the focuses of clinical researches that how the monolithic zirconia materials improve the aesthetic properties of full-contour zirconia restorations and ensure their mechanical strength. This article introduces the factors influencing the color and translucency of full-contour zirconia restorations from the aspects of material factors, manufacturing factors, and clinical factors, and analyses the effect of metamerism and low temperature degradation on the aesthetic properties of zirconia material for better clinical application of full-contour zirconia restoration in density. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances of Pulpotomy in Permanent Teeth: from Fundamental to Clinical Application LANG Xuelian, HU Tao Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (10): 866-870.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.10.003 Abstract （221）      PDF （849KB）（620）       Pulpotomy is the routine of vital pulp therapy. Based on the theory of minimally invasive endodontics (MIE), the physiological function of soft and hard tissues can be preserved to the maximum extent. In order to ensure the clinical prognosis of pulpotomy, this article reviewed the basic and clinical literature of pulpotomy in recent years and summarized the clinical operating procedures, with hope to provide some references for future clinical practice and research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Challenges, Key Factors and Progress of Periodontal Regeneration Therapy YAN Fuhua, YUAN Zhiyao Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 473-478.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.001 Abstract （440）      PDF （1036KB）（599）       The ultimate goal of periodontal disease treatment is to achieve periodontal tissue regeneration. However, it is difficult to achieve a true periodontal regeneration. Increasing the clinical predictability of periodontal regeneration and restoring the structure and function of cementum-periodontal ligament-alveolar bone complex remain great challenges. This article provides a brief overview of the challenges faced in periodontal regeneration treatment and explores the possible solutions based on the key elements of periodontal regeneration and recent research progress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Biomarkers Related to Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Gingival Crevicular Fluid GUAN Jiani, YAN Bin Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (5): 400-403.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.05.003 Abstract （304）      PDF （818KB）（592）       Gingival crevicular fluid is a kind of tissue permeation fluid in gingival sulcus and periodontal pocket. The application of orthodontic force to teeth will lead to remodeling of periodontal tissue and changes of biochemical mediators in gingival crevicular fluid. Analyzing the changes of specific biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement is helpful for doctors to understand the remodeling status of patients' periodontal tissue and monitor tooth movement, so as to develop personalized orthodontic treatment plan for patients, shorten the treatment period, and avoid adverse reactions. At present, the biological processes of biomarkers related to orthodontic tooth movement in gingival crevicular fluid can be divided into three categories: inflammation, bone resorption and formation, and tissue injury and repair. This article reviews the potential biomarkers related to orthodontic tooth movement in gingival crevicular fluid. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Minimally Invasive Extraction of Deeply Embedded Mesiodens: A Case Report FAN Guo, WU Yang Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (5): 484-486.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.05.019 Abstract （328）      PDF （4028KB）（591）       According to minimally invasive principles, the extraction of deeply embedded mesiodens procedures must avoid to injure adjacent teeth, pyriform foramen, nasal mucosa, nasal spine, and other important structures. This paper reported a case of minimally invasive extraction of two deeply embedded mesiodens medial to nasal spine. The bone structure of nasal spine was preserved by bilateral invasive approaches. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fragment Reattachment of Permanent Central Incisor after Complicated Crown-root Fractures Assisted by Flap Surgery: A Case Report LI Xinyi, SHE Rui, SHI Qimeng, LI Yanhong Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (7): 694-695.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.07.024 Abstract （245）      PDF （1216KB）（584）       Complicated crown-root fracture is a kind of severe traumatic tooth injury, and its fracture line is often located subgingival, which brings difficulties to the treatment. Combined with flap surgery, the broken line can be fully exposed, with clear vision, good moisture isolation effect, and other advantages. In this paper, we report a case of permanent central incisor with complicated crown-root fracture assisted by flap surgery, and summarize the indications, advantages, and disadvantages of the treatment methods for complicated crown-root fracture. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Manifestations and Imaging Characteristics of Parotid Secretory Carcinoma WANG Songjie, ZHAO Junfang, PENG Yanhui, ZHA Zhian, WANG Qiuxiang, SUN Qiang Journal of Oral Science Research    2021, 37 (11): 1039-1041.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2021.11.016 Abstract （590）      PDF （1040KB）（556）       Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of parotid secretory carcinoma. Methods: The clinical data of patients with parotid secretory carcinoma who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Results: Ten patients, 5 males and 5 females, were included in the study. The onset age was 2-68 years old, including 2 children and 1 adolescent, with an average age of 38.5 years old. The maximum diameter of the tumor was 2.5-4.8 cm. Most of the lesions accumulated in the superficial and deep lobe of the parotid gland, with medium to hard texture, clear boundary, and poor activity. The clinical manifestations were gradual growth of pailess tumor. B-ultrasound showed clear boundary cystic solid lesions, mainly cystic lesions. There was no obvious blood flow signal (5/7). CT showed that the lesions were shallow lobulated, and were heterogeneous enhanced after enhancement. Cystic low-density areas and nodular images were visible with clear boundary (6/7). MRI showed round or nodular, long T1 and T2 signal, high signal on fat pressure image, low signal on ADC. The cystic components showed high signal on T1 weighted imaging and T2 weighted imaging. The solid component showed low signal intensity (4/4). Conclusion: Secretory carcinoma of parotid gland is a rare low-grade malignant salivary gland tumor. Its clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics provide a basis for the preoperative diagnosis of parotid secretory carcinoma. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress and Clinical Significance of Implant Neck Design. ZHOU Yanmin, WANG Hanchi Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (11): 1005-1009.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.001 Abstract （273）      PDF （915KB）（549）       The design and development of dental implants lead the progress of implant technology and further influence the clinical treatment outcomes. The different neck structure design of implant is closely related to the stability of marginal bone, the health of peri-implant tissue, and the aesthetic effect, which is the key factor to determine the survival rate and success rate of implant in clinical treatment. This review summarizes the development process and suitable conditions of dental implant neck from both macroscopic aspect, such as platform design, diameter and thread, and microscopic aspect, such as surface roughness, in order to assist clinician to choose appropriate implant and provide personalized plan according to the patients' condition in the process of diagnosis and treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics