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The S3 Level Clinical Diagnosis and Practice Guideline of Stage Ⅳ Severe Periodontitis Based on 2018 EFP/AAP Classification CAO Zhengguo, GAO Ya, ZENG Yu Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (11): 943-951.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.11.001 Abstract （1007）      PDF （8311KB）（3849）       The early symptoms of periodontitis are not obvious, while it always accompanied by severe alveolar ridge defects, tooth drifting, flaring, and even tooth loss in advanced stage. It leads to a heavy burden on the country, society, and patients themselves with high prevalence. In 2018, consensus reports on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions were published by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and European Federation of Periodontology (EFP), which divided periodontitis into four stages and three grades. Subsequently, the EFP has published S3-level clinical guidelines for the treatment of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ periodontitis. This article will discuss the clinical diagnosis and treatment practice of severe periodontitis based on the 2018 Classification with a case of periodontitis (stage Ⅳ, grade C). Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transcriptome Sequencing Screened Differentially Expressed Genes in Leuk-1 Cells under Paeoniflorin Condition XIAO Lijun, CHEN Qianming, WU Yuqi, YANG Jiantang Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 527-533.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.012 Abstract （382）      PDF （1228KB）（3560）       Objective: To analyze the gene expression of Leuk-1 cells regulated by paeoniflorin based on transcriptome sequencing, to excavate and analyze key genes, to study the mechanism of paeoniflorin on Leuk-1 cells, and to explore its medicinal value. Methods: Transcriptome analyze were carried out on Leuk-1 cells in zero, low (5 μmol/L), and high (10 μmol/L) concentration groups. A series of different expression genes (DEGs) were screened, and the gene function and pathways of DEGs were annotated by Gene Ontology enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis. Results: Among 1212 DEGs identified in Leuk-1 cells under the influence of paeoniflorin, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment in immune response, humoral immune response, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase activity, serine-type endopeptidase activity, extracellular space, extracellular region, endoplasmic reticulum, and other pathways. KEGG pathways enrichment indicated that DEGs were significantly enriched in Herpes simplex virus 1 infection, pathways in cancer, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, human papillomavirus infection, and other pathways. RT-qPCR examination of DEGs confirmed that accuracy of RNA-seq analysis. The role of paeoniflorin was mainly reflected in antiviral infection, tumor inhibition, protection of epithelial integrity, and immune regulation. Conclusion: The results of this experiment provided a reference to further study the molecular mechanism and provided clues to explore the prevention and treatment of oral mucosal diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Progress of Artificial Intelligence in Orthodontic Diagnosis, Treatment, and Soft Tissue Prediction LIU Jiayi, ZHOU Yanheng Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (10): 862-865.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.10.002 Abstract （786）      PDF （825KB）（2474）       In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence in the field of orthodontics is increasing, and many artificial intelligence models are applied to orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, prognosis prediction, etc. The research shows that the application of artificial intelligence in orthodontics can improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment with high accuracy, but there are also problems such as insufficient data, single sample source, poor interpretability of artificial intelligence model, etc. This review intends to provide an overview of the effectiveness of artificial intelligence models used in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and facial profile prediction after orthodontic treatment or orthognathic surgery, so as to comprehensively understand the status of artificial intelligence in orthodontics and provide reference for relevant research and clinical application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advancements in Application of Copper Death in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Cancer WANG Chenchen, XU Yu Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (9): 771-774.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.09.002 Abstract （593）      PDF （812KB）（2024）       Oral cancer is the sixth most frequently occurring type of cancer in the world, whose incidence is on the rise in China. How to alleviate patients'pain and improve their prognosis through effective treatment is an issue worthy of our research and discussion. Recent research has identified a copper-dependent form of cell death known as 'cuprotosis'. Copper binds directly to the lipid acylated fraction involved in mitochondrial respiration, contributing to the aggregation of lipidated proteins and the reduction of iron-sulphur cluster proteins, resulting in a proteotoxic response that leads to cell death. Because abnormalities of copper homeostasis in the body can affect the growth of tumour cells, the efficacy of copper homeostasis in the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies has attracted much attention in recent years. This paper briefly describes three copper-mediated anti-tumour mechanisms and a variety of novel copper complexes involved in solving clinical problems in oral malignancies. We hope that this will provide a reference for the clinical management of oral cancer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prediction of Potential Targets and Molecular Mechanisms of Compound Honeysuckle in Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology XIANG Jing, CHEN Qihang, QIANG Xiaoye, WANG Shuxin, ZHANG Dejun Journal of Oral Science Research    2025, 41 (1): 26-34.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.01.006 Abstract （1093）      PDF （5942KB）（1934）       Objective: To screen the potential active components and molecular mechanisms of Compound Honeysuckle by network pharmacology in preventing and treating periodontitis and to verify the inhibitory effect of compound honeysuckle on Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) through experimental validation. Methods: Active components and targets were screened using multiple databases combined with ADME and Lipinski's rules. A drug-active component-target network was constructed, and core targets were identified through the PPI network. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were used to explore the functions and pathways of the targets. Molecular docking was used to validate the binding activity between active components and target proteins. The inhibitory effect of compound honeysuckle on Pg was determined using the broth microdilution method. Results: A total of 38 active components of compound honeysuckle were identified, with key targets including AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT 1), epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 (EGFR),and heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1 (HSP90AA1). KEGG analysis indicated that compound honeysuckle may exert its effects through the regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt Pathway (PI3K-Akt), calcium signaling pathways, and cancer-related pathways. Molecular docking confirmed good binding affinity between key compounds and targets. In vitro experiments showed that the MIC and MBC of compound honeysuckle against Pg were both 5.469 mg/mL. Conclusion: Compound honeysuckle shows potential in preventing and treating periodontitis through the modulation of multiple targets and signaling pathways, providing a theoretical basis for further research and clinical applications. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances of Pulpotomy in Permanent Teeth: from Fundamental to Clinical Application LANG Xuelian, HU Tao Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (10): 866-870.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.10.003 Abstract （812）      PDF （849KB）（1832）       Pulpotomy is the routine of vital pulp therapy. Based on the theory of minimally invasive endodontics (MIE), the physiological function of soft and hard tissues can be preserved to the maximum extent. In order to ensure the clinical prognosis of pulpotomy, this article reviewed the basic and clinical literature of pulpotomy in recent years and summarized the clinical operating procedures, with hope to provide some references for future clinical practice and research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Potential and Challenges of Generative AI in Oral Medicine SU Liwen, WU Yang Journal of Oral Science Research    2024, 40 (1): 11-17.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.01.003 Abstract （1020）      PDF （998KB）（1596）       As an essential branch of artificial intelligence (AI), generative AI has made significant progress in various domains in recent years. In the field of medicine, generative AI is also believed to hold tremendous potential for application. However, with the continuous development of this technology, it becomes imperative to address the ethical challenges and risks associated with it. This paper aims to explore generative AI, particularly the technology based on large language models (LLM), and provide valuable insights for further harnessing its potential in oral medicine research, clinical practice, and education. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Challenges, Key Factors and Progress of Periodontal Regeneration Therapy YAN Fuhua, YUAN Zhiyao Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 473-478.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.001 Abstract （1116）      PDF （1036KB）（1562）       The ultimate goal of periodontal disease treatment is to achieve periodontal tissue regeneration. However, it is difficult to achieve a true periodontal regeneration. Increasing the clinical predictability of periodontal regeneration and restoring the structure and function of cementum-periodontal ligament-alveolar bone complex remain great challenges. This article provides a brief overview of the challenges faced in periodontal regeneration treatment and explores the possible solutions based on the key elements of periodontal regeneration and recent research progress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Oral Mucosal Diseases in the Era of Intelligence: Current Status and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Research YANG Qingmo, WEI Pan, HUA Hong Journal of Oral Science Research    2025, 41 (1): 1-6.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2025.01.001 Abstract （980）      PDF （822KB）（1546）       With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, its integrated application in the medical field has received widespread attention. Medical artificial intelligence plays an increasingly important role in image recognition, disease diagnosis, risk prediction, and provision of health consulting services. The diagnosis and evaluation of oral mucosal diseases are highly dependent on morphological characteristics, and AI has broad application prospects in this field. This article reviews the application of AI in auxiliary diagnosis and risk prediction of oral mucosal diseases, and analyzes and prospects the current challenges and future development trends, in order to provide reference for future AI-related research on oral mucosal diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Development and Verification of CBCT Image Intelligent Measurement System in Implant Surgery Area MA Xuechun, HUANG Hanxiao, SHEN Xiaojing, NING Nan, LIU Zhonghao Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 491-495.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.005 Abstract （472）      PDF （3363KB）（1435）       Objective: To develop and validate a new intelligent measurement system for CBCT image in the implant surgery area. Methods: With Qt as the development framework, the VCG library was used to read and process the tooth model, and the intelligent analysis system for CBCT image diagnostic parameter measurement in implant surgery area was developed. The intelligent measurement results of the system were compared with the manual measurement results to evaluate the differences between them. Results: An intelligent analysis system was successfully developed to allow users to select the tooth position and automatically measure the CBCT image for diagnostic parameters in the implant surgery area. For the measurement of various implant diagnostic parameters, there was no statistical difference between the intelligent measurement method and the manual measurement method ( P＞0.05), and the measurement results were reliable. Conclusion: The parameters measurement results of the intelligent measurement system are reliable, which can provide reference for preoperative planning. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Role and Mechanism of Fusobacterium Nucleatum in Oral Mucosal Carcinogenesis QUBIE Fangfang, JIANG Lu Journal of Oral Science Research    2024, 40 (5): 379-384.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.05.001 Abstract （467）      PDF （1103KB）（1385）       Oral mucosal carcinogenesis is a serious health issue involving multiple factors in its onset and progression. In recent years, fusobacterium nucleatum ( F.nucleatum), as a part of the oral microbiota, has been considered as one of the infectious agents playing a significant role in various cancers. This review aims to comprehensively explore the role and mechanisms of F.nucleatum in oral mucosal carcinogenesis. Through the analysis of clinical and molecular biology studies, we found that F.nucleatum is closely related to the occurrence and development of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Specifically, this bacterium can modulate the tumor immune microenvironment, promote cell proliferation and invasion, and activate immune checkpoints. Additionally, F.nucleatum may serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for oral cancer. However, research in this field still faces challenges such as insufficient sample size, strong patient specificity, and the need for multidisciplinary collaboration. Future studies are needed to further reveal its mechanisms and explore its potential applications in the prevention and treatment of oral cancer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Study of Keratinized Gingiva Augmentation in Maintaining Implant Stability with Chronic Periodontitis LU Jie, XU Yan, ZOU Chenyang Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 510-514.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.009 Abstract （393）      PDF （3607KB）（1311）       Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of apically positioned flap combined with free gingival graft on the reconstruction of implant keratinized gingiva in patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods: Thirty chronic periodontitis patients with insufficient keratinized gingiva around implants were selected and randomly divided into FGG group and control group, with 19 implants in each group. The clinical parameters, including keratinized tissue width (KTW), peri-implant probing depth (PPD), gingival index (GI), modified plaque index (mPI), mucosal recession (MR), and marginal bone loss (MBL) were compared between two groups at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. Results: During the period, the implant function of two groups was good, and some measurement indicators (KTW, GI, mPI, GR, MBL) in the FGG group were improved compared with the baseline ( P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, the conditions of peri-implant tissues (KTW, GI, PI, GR) in the FGG group were significantly improved compared with those in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion: APF combined with FGG is a practical method to reconstruct the keratinized gingiva of implants in patients with periodontitis. It can maintain the health and stabilize the bone level around the implant in short term. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Eupatilin Inhibits RANKL-induced Osteoclast Differentiation by Regulating MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways ZHAO Boxuan, LI Ting, YAO Hantao, WANG Zijun, GUO Haiying, JI Yaoting, DU Minquan Journal of Oral Science Research    2024, 40 (9): 820-826.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.09.012 Abstract （455）      PDF （5750KB）（1284）       Objective: To investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of eupatilin on the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells to osteoblasts. Methods: CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of Eupatilin on the cell activity of osteoclast precursor cells RAW264.7 and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). RAW264.7 and BMDMs were induced to differentiate into osteoclasts by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), and different concentrations of Eupatilin (5, 10, and 20 μmol/L) were used for intervention. The effects of Eupatilin on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation were evaluated through TRAP staining and F-actin staining. The expression of osteoclast-related marker genes was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot, and the phosphorylation levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway molecules were detected by Western blot. Results: Eupatilin at 20 μmol/L exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on the differentiation of osteoclasts, and also shown an effective downregulation of the expression of related marker genes such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphas (TRAP), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and cathepsin K (CTSK). Western blot results indicated that Eupatilin significantly inhibited the phosphorylation levels of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway molecules induced by RANKL. Conclusion: Eupatilin exerts a significant inhibitory effect on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by regulating the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Update on Research Progress of Chlorhexidine Reduced Susceptibility in Oral Bacteria and Relative Mechanisms REN Jingyi, ZHOU Wenjuan Journal of Oral Science Research    2024, 40 (8): 670-675.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.08.002 Abstract （511）      PDF （898KB）（1239）       Chlorhexidine (CHX) is the most widely applicated biocide for clinical surface disinfection, however, there is a lack of regulations on its usage. The long-term and extensive utilization of CHX has led to the reduced susceptibility against CHX and cross-resistance towards an array of critical antibiotics in clinical isolates of multiple essential pathogens related to nosocomial infections. However, the potential resistance risk in oral bacteria has been overlooked even though CHX has been applied as the gold standard in dentistry for over 50 years. Hence, the current review aims to summarize the evidence of the reduced susceptibility to CHX in oral bacteria and elucidate the relative mechanisms to raise the concern about its potential risk in dental practice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advance on Examination Methods of Invasion Depth of Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma CHEN Zhuoxuan, CHEN Linlin Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 487-490.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.004 Abstract （508）      PDF （959KB）（1213）       Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy of the oral and maxillofacial region. The 8th edition Cancer Staging Manual of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) refines the T categorization of oral cancer by incorporating the depth of invasion. The implementation of neck dissection is determined by the precise depth of invasion before surgery, and it is also beneficial to the evaluation of prognosis. This review summarizes the methods of histopathology, intraoral ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging to measure the depth of invasion of OSCC in recent years. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Metal Ion Doped Silicocarnotite Bioceramics in Field of Bone Repair LI Xinrui, MENG Weiyan Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (10): 871-874.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.10.004 Abstract （450）      PDF （827KB）（1170）       Oral hard tissue defects caused by periodontal diseases, tumors, trauma, and congenital malformations bring great difficulties to the reconstruction of oral function. Silicocarnotite [Ca 5(PO 4) 2SiO 4,CPS] bioceramics have become the research hotspot of new generation of bone defects restoration materials due to their good biocompatibility, degradability, osteoconductivity, and bone conductivity. Natural human mineralized tissues contain various metal ions such as Cu 2+, Fe 3+, Zn 2+, Mg 2+, Sr 2+, etc, which have their unique biological properties, and the incorporation of these metal ions into silicocarnotite has great potential for material modification. This paper outlines the current investigations of silicocarnotite bioceramics, focusing on the effects of ion doping on the physicochemical properties of bioceramics, the role of metal ions in antibiosis and promoting osteogenesis and neoangiogenesis, and their possible mechanisms, and provides an outlook on the future development of silicocarnotite-based materials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Application of Platform Switching Technology in Oral Implant ZHANG Ni, MENG Weiyan Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (12): 1037-1041.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.12.002 Abstract （676）      PDF （804KB）（1165）       Platform switching technology refers to the method that a smaller diameter abutment is connected to the implant to allow the implant-abutment combination to move inward toward the central axis of the implant in the process of implant restoration. Many case reports and clinical studies have shown that the platform switching technique reduced the marginal bone loss around implants, and played a positive role in improving peri-implant stress distribution, restoring biological width, and building healthy soft tissue morphology. This article reviews the clinical application of platform switching technology in implant restoration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Research Status of Attached Gingival Widening JING Xueqin, MIAO Hui Journal of Oral Science Research    2024, 40 (2): 97-102.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.02.001 Abstract （596）      PDF （845KB）（1153）       Attached gingiva and free gingiva are continuous, both of which are keratinized epithelium, and they are collectively called keratinized gingiva. Attached gingival is tightly attached to alveolar bone, tough texture, strong resistance, and has important significance for periodontal health. Clinically, insufficient or missing attached gingival may cause a series of problems. For example, during chewing, the gingival margin is separated from the dental surface after being rubbed or pulled by muscles, which leads to food residues entering the gingival sulci and causing periodontal destruction. In addition, the edge of the prosthesis and implant will cause pain during mastication. For removable partial denture, it will also affect denture design and patient wearing, and affect the quality of patients life. It can be seen that the deficiency or absence of attached gingival has become a common problem faced by periodontal, prosthesis, implant and other disciplines. For its treatment, there are two main types of methods: autologous soft tissue transplantation and biological replacement materials. The purpose of this review is to explore the characteristics of various therapeutic modalities, provide theoretical basis for clinical work, and provide reference for further research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Pain Management after Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ZHOU Shizheng, ZOU Haixiao Journal of Oral Science Research    2024, 40 (2): 103-107.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.02.002 Abstract （484）      PDF （806KB）（1119）       In order to relieve the postoperative pain and improve the quality of life, relevant experts recommend systematic management of tooth extraction pain, so as to improve the prognosis of patients. This review aimed to introduce the mechanism and types of pain and the intervention of pain after mandibular third molars extraction, with a view to provide guidance for the clinical management of pain in mandibular impacted third molars extraction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of PKM2 in Odontogenic Keratocysts WANG Haojun, ZHA Guangyu Journal of Oral Science Research    2024, 40 (11): 956-959.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2024.11.003 Abstract （409）      PDF （840KB）（1093）       The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental cyst that has high potential for invasiveness, easy recurrence, and multiple occurrences. Its energy metabolism pathway is mainly glycolysis. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key driving factor of glycolysis and plays an important role in regulating the tumor metabolic microenvironment. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of treating tumors with its unique theory of "steady-state" effect on the tumor immune microenvironment. This review will delve into the regulation of PKM2 in respect of odontogenic keratocysts, aiming to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of OKC with traditional Chinese medicine. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics