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Transcriptome Sequencing Screened Differentially Expressed Genes in Leuk-1 Cells under Paeoniflorin Condition XIAO Lijun, CHEN Qianming, WU Yuqi, YANG Jiantang Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 527-533.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.012 Abstract （163）      PDF （1228KB）（1082）       Objective: To analyze the gene expression of Leuk-1 cells regulated by paeoniflorin based on transcriptome sequencing, to excavate and analyze key genes, to study the mechanism of paeoniflorin on Leuk-1 cells, and to explore its medicinal value. Methods: Transcriptome analyze were carried out on Leuk-1 cells in zero, low (5 μmol/L), and high (10 μmol/L) concentration groups. A series of different expression genes (DEGs) were screened, and the gene function and pathways of DEGs were annotated by Gene Ontology enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis. Results: Among 1212 DEGs identified in Leuk-1 cells under the influence of paeoniflorin, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment in immune response, humoral immune response, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase activity, serine-type endopeptidase activity, extracellular space, extracellular region, endoplasmic reticulum, and other pathways. KEGG pathways enrichment indicated that DEGs were significantly enriched in Herpes simplex virus 1 infection, pathways in cancer, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, human papillomavirus infection, and other pathways. RT-qPCR examination of DEGs confirmed that accuracy of RNA-seq analysis. The role of paeoniflorin was mainly reflected in antiviral infection, tumor inhibition, protection of epithelial integrity, and immune regulation. Conclusion: The results of this experiment provided a reference to further study the molecular mechanism and provided clues to explore the prevention and treatment of oral mucosal diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of Key Biomarkers and Immune Infiltration in Human Gingival Tissue of Periodontitis by Bioinformatics Analysis WANG Zihui, GAO Hongyu, MO Feifei, TIAN Guangjie, WANG Yonglan Journal of Oral Science Research    2021, 37 (4): 304-309.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2021.04.007 Abstract （462）      PDF （3349KB）（1036）       Objective: To identify the key biomarkers and immune infiltration in gingival tissue of periodontitis by bioinformatics analysis. Methods: The gene expression profiles of GSE10334, GSE16134, and GSE23586 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. The differentially expressed genes were identified by the LIMMA package. PPI network was constructed to determine hub genes by using STRING and Cytoscape. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the immune infiltration of periodontal soft tissue between periodontitis and healthy controls. Results: A total of 129 differentially expressed genes were identified. Based on the PPI network, 10 hub genes were identified, which were significantly enriched in various cellular physiological activities and signal pathways such as chemokine and cytokine activity, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signals pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway. Compared with the healthy control, the gingival tissue of periodontitis contained a higher proportion of naive B cells, plasma cells, naive CD4 +T cells, activated memory CD4 +T cells, monocytes, M1 macrophages, and neutrophils ( P<0.05). Conclusion: The functional analysis of hub genes and the difference of immune infiltration in gingival tissue between periodontitis and healthy control could provide new insights for understanding the development and pathogenesis mechanism of periodontitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The S3 Level Clinical Diagnosis and Practice Guideline of Stage Ⅳ Severe Periodontitis Based on 2018 EFP/AAP Classification CAO Zhengguo, GAO Ya, ZENG Yu Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (11): 943-951.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.11.001 Abstract （304）      PDF （8311KB）（1523）       The early symptoms of periodontitis are not obvious, while it always accompanied by severe alveolar ridge defects, tooth drifting, flaring, and even tooth loss in advanced stage. It leads to a heavy burden on the country, society, and patients themselves with high prevalence. In 2018, consensus reports on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions were published by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and European Federation of Periodontology (EFP), which divided periodontitis into four stages and three grades. Subsequently, the EFP has published S3-level clinical guidelines for the treatment of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ periodontitis. This article will discuss the clinical diagnosis and treatment practice of severe periodontitis based on the 2018 Classification with a case of periodontitis (stage Ⅳ, grade C). Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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TLR4-MyD88 Signal Pathway in Trigeminal Ganglia Involved in Immunoreactivity Induced by Temporomandibular Joint Inflammation in Rats LI Wei-jia,LI Lu-jia, FAN Fan, JIN Hai-wei Journal of Oral Science Research    2018, 34 (11): 1244-1248.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.11.023 Abstract （217）      PDF （2760KB）（571）       Objective: To investigate the dynamic expression of TLR4 and its signal pathway in trigeminal ganglia (TG) by using a temporomandibular joint inflammation (TMJI) animal model in rats, and further to explore the role of TLR4 signal pathway involved in the neural immune response during process of TMJI and accompanied pain. Methods: Rats model of TMJI were established by intra-articular injection of Freund's adjuvant complete. Histopathological examination showed the progressive pathological changes in the TMJ were detected by HE staining, and the expression of TLR4 or MyD88 in TG were observed by immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of TLR4 and MyD88 in TG increased significantly post TMJI. Correlation analysis showed low correlation between TLR4 and MyD88 expression. Conclusion: TLR4-MyD88 signal pathway in TG involved in neural immune response during TMJI. The signal transduction of activation of TLR4 in neurons may be mediated by MyD88 dependent pathway. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Anchorage Design and Clinical Control of Premolar Extraction Treatment with Clear Aligner Technique XIANG Xiaosong, CANG Song Journal of Oral Science Research    2020, 36 (2): 117-120.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.02.007 Abstract （443）      PDF （781KB）（848）       The birth of clear aligner technique (CAT) has satisfied people’s need for aesthetic and comfort orthodontics. At present, CAT has been widely used in clinic and become a good method for adults and adolescents. At the beginning, the clear aligners could only be used for simple orthodontic treatment, such as aligning the dentition. However, with the constant study of clear aligner manufacturers and the clinicians, the clear aligner technique has been improved and gradually refined, in which the premolar extraction treatment tends to mature. This article reviews the anchorage design and clinical control of premolar extraction treatment with the clear aligner technique. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress in Clinical Application of Digital Oral Scanning System CHEN Xiaodong, CHEN Jifen Journal of Oral Science Research    2020, 36 (7): 611-615.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.07.001 Abstract （879）      PDF （1033KB）（1447）       With the rapid development and extensive applications of digital oral technology, the digital diagnosis and treatment becomes a new mode for dentists. As a new way to collect the oral information of soft and hard tissue, the digital oral scanning is an important step in the digital diagnosis and treatment, and its accuracy will affect the quality of the prosthesis directly. Therefore, the working principle, clinical operational mode and advantages, types and characteristics as well as accuracy of the digital oral scanning system are summarized in this paper so as to help dentists to understand the digital oral scanning system more comprehensively and to promote the application of digital oral technology. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Relationship between Statins and Periodontitis LIU Yue, WANG Lei Journal of Oral Science Research    2020, 36 (9): 811-813.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.09.003 Abstract （312）      PDF （725KB）（676）       Statins, which can reduce the formation of cholesterol, are mainly used to treat cardiovascular diseases such as hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. In recent years, studies have found that these drugs have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and angiogenic effects, and promote the formation of osteoblasts. These characteristics provide great potential for statins to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis. In this paper, the mechanism of statin therapy for periodontitis and related in vivo and in vitro studies are discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Challenges, Key Factors and Progress of Periodontal Regeneration Therapy YAN Fuhua, YUAN Zhiyao Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 473-478.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.001 Abstract （619）      PDF （1036KB）（905）       The ultimate goal of periodontal disease treatment is to achieve periodontal tissue regeneration. However, it is difficult to achieve a true periodontal regeneration. Increasing the clinical predictability of periodontal regeneration and restoring the structure and function of cementum-periodontal ligament-alveolar bone complex remain great challenges. This article provides a brief overview of the challenges faced in periodontal regeneration treatment and explores the possible solutions based on the key elements of periodontal regeneration and recent research progress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Idiopathic Condylar Resorption. CHENG Hui-na, ZHOU Qing Journal of Oral Science Research    2019, 35 (5): 427-429.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.05.004 Abstract （397）      PDF （746KB）（734）       Idiopathic condylar resorption is a serious facial deformity caused by unexplained resorption of condylar, which led to progressive tooth opening and mandibular retrusion. The main clinical manifestations are early posterior teeth contact and type Ⅱ malocclusion. Patients often seek medical treatment because of progressive occlusion of anterior teeth. The facial morphology usually changes during the treatment, which greatly affects the life quality of the patients. The treatment methods and prognosis are controversial, so people pay more and more attention in recent years. In this paper, the possible etiology, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of the disease are systematically reviewed so as to provide the basis for further research on the special condyle absorption. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advancement of Cancer-associated Fibroblasts in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma HU Qingang, ZHAO Xingxing Journal of Oral Science Research    2020, 36 (4): 309-313.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.04.001 Abstract （471）      PDF （1021KB）（727）       Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most important stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment as similar with other malignancies. CAFs were critically involved in the proliferation, metastasis, immune tolerance, and treatment resistance of tumor cells. This paper aims to summarize the recent progress of CAFs in OSCC and its enlightenment for clinical treatment. Targeting CAFs for therapeutic intervention and breaking the essential microenvironment barrier to suppress the growth and migration of tumor cells, effectively block angiogenesis,and enhance immune responses may provide a novel insight and strategies for the adjuvant therapy of OSCC. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advancements in Application of Copper Death in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Cancer WANG Chenchen, XU Yu Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (9): 771-774.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.09.002 Abstract （235）      PDF （812KB）（936）       Oral cancer is the sixth most frequently occurring type of cancer in the world, whose incidence is on the rise in China. How to alleviate patients'pain and improve their prognosis through effective treatment is an issue worthy of our research and discussion. Recent research has identified a copper-dependent form of cell death known as 'cuprotosis'. Copper binds directly to the lipid acylated fraction involved in mitochondrial respiration, contributing to the aggregation of lipidated proteins and the reduction of iron-sulphur cluster proteins, resulting in a proteotoxic response that leads to cell death. Because abnormalities of copper homeostasis in the body can affect the growth of tumour cells, the efficacy of copper homeostasis in the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies has attracted much attention in recent years. This paper briefly describes three copper-mediated anti-tumour mechanisms and a variety of novel copper complexes involved in solving clinical problems in oral malignancies. We hope that this will provide a reference for the clinical management of oral cancer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Biomimetic Mineralization of Dentin HE Ting, ZHANG Linglin Journal of Oral Science Research    2021, 37 (10): 886-889.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2021.10.005 Abstract （457）      PDF （792KB）（955）       Biomimetic mineralization of dentin is the focus of both oral medicine and biomaterial science. Biomimetic materials obtained by biomimetic mineralization, which are similar to natural dentin in terms of composition, structure, and function, are ideal materials for dentin repairg. In this paper, we summarize the research progress on biomimetic mineralization of dentin. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Proximal Margin Elevation for Posterior Teeth on Periodontal Health JING Yao, WU Fei, XIAO Mo, QIAO Feng, YUAN Yuan, GUO Honglei, PEI Haiyan, MIAO Hui, WU Ligeng Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (2): 168-173.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.02.016 Abstract （245）      PDF （4354KB）（427）       Objective: To observe the effect of proximal margin elevation on periodontal probing bleeding in patients with deep subgingival caries by using different gingival wall treatments and matrix systems. Methods: Thirty-six cases with deep subgingival caries were treated with gingival retraction, electrosurgical gingivotomy, and flap surgery, respectively to elevate the subgingival defect above the gingiva and complete the direct filling with composite resin. Three months after the treatments, the patients were examined the bleeding on probing (BOP). The effects of gender, age, tooth type, type of matrixs, pulp vitality, and treatment on BOP were preliminary determined by univariate analysis and optimal scale. Unconditional logistic regression model was established to screen the factors affecting BOP. Results: The type of matrixs affected BOP ( P=0.009): the bleeding rate of personalized trimmed Ivory matrix was higher than that of segmented matrix. Age, gender, tooth type, pulp vitality, and treatment had no significant effect on BOP ( P>0.05). Conclusion: The type of matrixs affect BOP. Gingival retraction, electrosurgical gingivotomy, and flap surgery had no significant effect on BOP. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Gingipain of Porphyromonas Gingivalis WANG Dan, MENG Weiyan Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (3): 216-219.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.03.003 Abstract （581）      PDF （826KB）（1004）       Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues. It could give a rise to a progressive loss of attachment by destructing the connective tissue and alveolar bone, and may eventually lead to tooth loss. Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is an important pathogen of chronic periodontitis, which expresses several virulence factors, including lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae, hemagglutinins, and cysteine proteinases. Among them, gingipains (belonging to cysteine proteinases) account for most (85%) of the general proteolytic activity caused by P. gingivalis, and have been considered as the essential virulence factor. This review discusses the gingipains's classification, secretion, pathogenic effects, and inhibitors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Notch Signaling Pathway in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Review LI Zhi, CHEN Wei Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (12): 1042-1045.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.12.003 Abstract （198）      PDF （1518KB）（312）       Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare kind of malignancy in secretory glands, usually occurs in salivary glands. It is characterized by perineural invasion and early hematogenous metastasis, presenting difficulties to its clinical treatment. Recent studies have found that Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in the development and metastasis of adenoid cystic carcinoma, and presents attractive prognostic indicators and drug targets. This article reviews the research progress of regulatory mechanisms and drug targets in adenoid cystic carcinoma based on Notch signaling pathway. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advance on Examination Methods of Invasion Depth of Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma CHEN Zhuoxuan, CHEN Linlin Journal of Oral Science Research    2023, 39 (6): 487-490.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2023.06.004 Abstract （222）      PDF （959KB）（632）       Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy of the oral and maxillofacial region. The 8th edition Cancer Staging Manual of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) refines the T categorization of oral cancer by incorporating the depth of invasion. The implementation of neck dissection is determined by the precise depth of invasion before surgery, and it is also beneficial to the evaluation of prognosis. This review summarizes the methods of histopathology, intraoral ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging to measure the depth of invasion of OSCC in recent years. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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New Progress in the Treatment of Adenoid and Tonsil Hypertrophy in Children ZHAO Jiaqi, SHAN Lihua Journal of Oral Science Research    2021, 37 (8): 693-695.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2021.08.005 Abstract （489）      PDF （787KB）（1361）       Chronic upper airway obstruction or dysfunction in children can cause open mouth breathing, produce adenoid face, and in severe cases lead to obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OASHS), which can seriously affect the children's growth, development, and cognition. Adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy are the main cause of upper airway obstruction in children. This paper discusses the effects of upper airway obstruction on maxillofacial and systemic growth in children, the selection of different treatment methods, and the latest research progress. Children with upper airway obstruction require multidisciplinary cooperative sequential therapy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advancement in Development and Regeneration of Exosomes in Oral Tissues SHI Weiwei, GUO Shujuan Journal of Oral Science Research    2019, 35 (11): 1016-1019.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.002 Abstract （430）      PDF （767KB）（862）       Exosomes secreted by cells are small vesicles. As a nanoscale signal molecule, exosomes play a key role in the communication among cells, tissue, and organs. Recently, studies demonstrate that exosomes can promote angiogenesis, wound healing, and bone regeneration. This paper reviewed relevant studies about the effect of exosomes on promting the organogenesis and regeneration of oral tissue. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Introduction and Assessment of Dental Pulp Vitality Test YANG Jinghui, YUAN Guohua Journal of Oral Science Research    2021, 37 (3): 195-199.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2021.03.003 Abstract （588）      PDF （802KB）（1725）       Pulp vitality is the basis of the diagnosis and treatment of dental pulp disease. Cold pulp test, hot pulp test, and electric pulp test are widely applied to clinical diagnosis, and they are collectively known as pulp sensitivity test. But at present, stomatologists find that there are many deficiencies in sensitivity test, and in some cases such as young permanent teeth show high misdiagnosis rate. In order to improve the diagnostic accuracy, the dental pulp blood flow test is proposed, greatly reducing the rate of misdiagnosis. However, it is not widely used in clinic. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging and quantitative test of biomarkers are also considered to judge the pulp vitality in theoretical aspect. This paper briefly introduces several methods to judge the pulp vitality and the advantages and disadvantages of them. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of Glass Ionomer Cement Modified by Nano-fillers ZHU Keshi, REN Liling Journal of Oral Science Research    2022, 38 (1): 13-16.   DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.01.003 Abstract （305）      PDF （815KB）（919）       Glass ionomer cement (GIC) has been universally used for tooth restoration. However, its insufficient antibacterial and mechanical properties usually lead to damage and secondary caries, resulting in the treatment failure. With the development of material technology, nano particle came into existence and has been utilized in the modification of GIC due to its excellent properties. However, current studies are still imperfect. Here, the researches on GIC modified by different nano-fillers are systematically reviewed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics