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28 November 2022, Volume 38 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Research Progress and Clinical Significance of Implant Neck Design. ZHOU Yanmin, WANG Hanchi 2022, 38(11): 1005-1009.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.001 Abstract ( 275 )   PDF (915KB) ( 559 )   The design and development of dental implants lead the progress of implant technology and further influence the clinical treatment outcomes. The different neck structure design of implant is closely related to the stability of marginal bone, the health of peri-implant tissue, and the aesthetic effect, which is the key factor to determine the survival rate and success rate of implant in clinical treatment. This review summarizes the development process and suitable conditions of dental implant neck from both macroscopic aspect, such as platform design, diameter and thread, and microscopic aspect, such as surface roughness, in order to assist clinician to choose appropriate implant and provide personalized plan according to the patients' condition in the process of diagnosis and treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Regulation of Macrophage Behaviors by Nanomaterials for Promoting Bone Regeneration LI Chang, YIN Chengcheng 2022, 38(11): 1010-1013.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.002 Abstract ( 308 )   PDF (781KB) ( 399 )   Bone defects and osteopenia are common diseases. Macrophages are an important kind of innate immune cells, which participate in bone healing and regeneration. As macrophages have high plasticity, they become the crucial targets during the osteoimmunomodulation of bone biomaterials. Currently, by regulating immune cells such as macrophages through nanostructures to promote bone regeneration has reached some achievements. In this review, we summarize the studies on the regulation of macrophages to promote bone regeneration via chemical compositions, surface structures, and carried-bioactive molecules of nanostructures, in order to provide new ideas for the clinical treatments of bone defects and osteopenia. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Liraglutide Regulating Bone Metabolism and Promoting Bone Regeneration ZHU Siyu, LIU Huiying 2022, 38(11): 1014-1017.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.003 Abstract ( 179 )   PDF (774KB) ( 233 )   Liraglutide is a new drug in the treatment of diabetes, which plays an important role in reducing blood glucose and controlling body weight. In recent years, a large amount of experimental evidence has shown that liraglutide can regulate bone metabolism and inflammatory response through a variety of signaling pathways, which plays a bone protective role in osteoporosis, diabetes, periodontitis, and other diseases. This article reviews the mechanism of liraglutide affecting bone metabolism and its osteogenic effect in different diseases, which provides theoretical basis for the application of liraglutide in the treatment of oral diseases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Different Etching Modes on Bonding Effects of Universal Adhesives JIANG Bulin, HUANG Cui 2022, 38(11): 1018-1021.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.004 Abstract ( 244 )   PDF (771KB) ( 358 )   Universal adhesives can be used for both etch-and-rinse and self-etch approaches. Their clinical applications are simple and convenient, so they are favored by many dentists. However, different etching modes bring different bonding effect. In this study, the bonding effect of different etching modes of universal adhesives were reviewed. For enamel bonding, the use of etch-and-rinse mode resulted in higher bond strengths than self-etch mode. For dentin bonding, etch-and-rinse mode was more suitable for super mild universal adhesives and self-etch mode was more suitable for mild universal adhesives. For special tooth surface such as dental fluorosis and sclerotic dentin, the application of acid etching was able to bond more strongly, as for caries affected dentin, there was no significant difference in the bonding strengths between two etching modes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tension Stress, Runx2 Expression, and Condyle Development SHAO Jiaqi, LU Haiping 2022, 38(11): 1022-1025.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.005 Abstract ( 190 )   PDF (803KB) ( 273 )   Mandibular condylar cartilage is one of the growth areas of mandibular growth and development, and its growth and development are affected by many factors. It is believed that tensile stress can promote condylar cartilage osteogenesis, and Runx2 gene expression is also closely related to condylar cartilage osteogenesis. This paper reviews the research progress on the relationship between tensile stress, Runx2 expression, and condylar development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Accuracy of Conventional versus Digital Implant Impressions in Edentulous Models in Vitro LI Chaoyue, CHAO Jiarui, WANG Zhenyu, CHEN Du, LIU Fei, SHEN Jiefei 2022, 38(11): 1026-1032.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.006 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (2780KB) ( 312 )   Objective: To investigate the difference of accuracy between conventional and digital impression methods with different numbers of implants in the maxillary and mandibular edentulous models. Methods: After two, four, and six implants were placed in the maxillary and mandibular edentulous standard models, both conventional impression and digital impression were made. The differences in the trueness and precision between two methods were analyzed in terms of surface property, three-dimensional linearity, and angularity using reverse engineering software and a three-coordinate measuring machine. Results: (1) The trueness of digital impression method was higher than that of conventional impression method in at least one aspect for maxillary and mandibular standard models with different number of implants. (2) The precision of the digital method was higher for maxillary and mandibular standard models with different number of implants. Conclusion: Within the limit of this experimental condition, the accuracy of digital implant impressions was higher in edentulous arch. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Relationship between Cortico-cancellous Thickness Ratio and Implant Stability GENG Qi, ZHANG Zhihong, LIU Honghong, CHEN Jia, HAN Qian, XU Di 2022, 38(11): 1033-1036.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.007 Abstract ( 143 )   PDF (1081KB) ( 261 )   Objective: To assess the correlation between preoperative virtual peri-implant cortico-cancellous thickness ratio (CCTR) and implant stability. Methods: Fifty-seven patients who met the criteria were included. CT images of the patients were imported into the dynamic navigation software before the implant surgery, and the CCTR was measured and calculated after the design was completed, and the stability of the implants (ISQ) was recorded immediately after the surgery and before the restoration. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the correlation between CCTR and ISQ. Results: There was a positive correlation between CCTR and both initial ISQ values and phase Ⅱ ISQ values (r=0.708, P<0.01;r=0.568, P<0.01), and there was a significant difference between initial ISQ values, phase Ⅱ ISQ values, and mean CCTR values in the maxillary and mandibular posterior region (P<0.01). Conclusion: CCTR can be used as a new objective index for measuring bone quality in the proposed implant area and is important for the assessment of implant stability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Study on Outcomes of Root Submergence Technique for Implant-supported Restorations in Anterior Region. DU Ruitian, LIU Senqing, HE Juan, QIU Yaocong 2022, 38(11): 1037-1041.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.008 Abstract ( 156 )   PDF (1611KB) ( 177 )   Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of root submergence technique (RST) in the anterior pontic sites of implant-supported fix partial bridges, and to discuss its technical key points. Methods: Patients who accepted implant-supported fix partial bridges in the anterior maxillary region were chosen for the present study. Roots were submerged in the pontic sites and soft tissue was conditioned with provisional implant-supported restorations after implant osseointegration. Final restorations were produced after 3 months. Patients revisited after one year. Pink esthetic score (PES) was recorded on the day of final restoration and 1-year revisit. Modified plaque index (mPI) and modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) were recorded on the day of 1-year revisit. Complications were monitored during the follow-up period. Results: A total of 11 roots were submerged. There was no RST related complication during the follow-up period. Mean PES value at final restoration and 1-year revisit were 8.91±0.94 and 9.18±0.87, respectively, which had no significant difference (P>0.05). At 1-year revisit, mean value of mPI and mSBI at pontic sites were 0.82±0.60 and 0.45±0.52, while 0.73±0.79 and 0.36±0.50 at contralateral sites. The differences between pontic and contralateral sites were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The short-term outcomes of RST are satisfied in the anterior pontic sites of implant-supported fix partial bridges. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between Emergence Profile and Peri-implantitis of Bone Level Implants HUANG Meiyu, SHEN Yufeng, JIANG Dandan, CHEN Miaomiao, YU Chongqing, ZHOU Zheng 2022, 38(11): 1042-1046.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.009 Abstract ( 154 )   PDF (921KB) ( 247 )   Objective: To explore the influence of emergence profile of crown on the occurrence of peri-implantitis for bone level implants, and to verify the feasibility of using emergence profile of crown as risk factor of peri-implantitis through clinical examination, imaging examination, and biomarker detection. Methods: There were 91 bone level implants in 90 patients in the experimental group, which were divided into convex group (29 cases), straight group (36 cases), and concave group (26 cases) according to the emergence profile of the crown. The control group consisted of 35 homonymous healthy natural teeth on the opposite site. The periodontal and imaging examinations were recorded, and the levels of RANKL, OPG, IL-10, and IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid of each group were detected by ELISA. Results: There were statistical differences in PD and SBI among convex PI group, straight PI group, concave PI group, and control group (P<0.05). The levels of RANKL, IL-1β, OPG, IL-10, and the ratio of RANKL/OPG in convex PI group, straight PI group, concave PI group, convex healthy group, straight healthy group, and concave healthy group were significantly different from those in the control group (P<0.05). The prevalence of PI in the convex group was higher than that in the straight group and concave group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Convex emergence profile is more likely to cause peri-implantitis than straight and concave emergence profile. A combination of clinical examination, imaging examination, and biomarker detection is more accurate to indicate the influence of emergence profile on early peri-implantitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Effect and Safety of Dental Implant Treatment on Kidney Transplanted Patient LUO Shanfeng, ZHANG Kan, QIAN Zhijiang, NI Zhenfang 2022, 38(11): 1047-1051.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.010 Abstract ( 148 )   PDF (1493KB) ( 237 )   Objective: To explore the effect and safety of dental implant treatment on the kidney transplantation patients. Methods: Six patients who had kidney transplantation for 2 years were selected. Fifteen dental implants were inserted. The wound heal, hepatorenal function, abbreviation for blood and urine routine, concentration of FK506, implant osseointegration, and bone resorption were recorded at every review time. Results: All implants obtained osseointegration in the 3-10 years' follow-up. There were no changes in hepatorenal function, abbreviation for blood, and urine routine in the 3 years' follow-up. Urine protein positive and hematuresis were found in 2 patients after 5 years. One implant lost osseointegration after 8 years. The bone resorption around implants after 1, 5, and 8 years were (0.81±0.19) mm, (1.02±0.29) mm, and (1.54±0.37) mm. The PD was (1.63±0.77) mm, (1.92±0.59) mm, and (2.32±0.46) mm. There was no significant difference between each follow-up. Conclusion: An ideal function of dental implant restoration may be acquired for patients with kidney transplantation, provided that preoperative and postoperative infection was prevented and the indication was strictly controlled. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Diode, Er, and Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation on Microstructure of Microarc Oxidation Titanium Disc and Osteogenesis Activity of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells HUANG Wenxia, ZUO Qiliang, ZHANG Qiufang, NIE Jing, HAN Yangping, XU Minyan, ZHAN Xuan 2022, 38(11): 1052-1057.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.011 Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (1393KB) ( 141 )   Objective: To study the effect of diode, Er, and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the microstructure of microarc oxidation (MAO) titanium disks and osteogenesis activity of periodontal ligament stem cells. Methods: The diode, Er, and Nd:YAG laser were applied to irradiate the MAO titanium disks, after which scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of discs and the seeded human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Crystal phase of MAO titanium disc was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The proliferation of hPDLSCs was determined by CCK-8. The expressions of Runx2, ALP, OCN, and OSX gene in hPDLSCs were detected by RT-qPCR. Results: SEM images and XRD spectrum revealed that diode, Er, and Nd:YAG laser could alter the topography and crystal phases of MAO titanium discs. The expressions of Runx2 and ALP genes of hPDLSCs on the surface of MAO titanium disks irradiated by Nd:YAG laser were significantly increased (P<0.001), but the proliferation was reduced (P<0.05). The expression of ALP gene of cells on the surface of disks irradiated by Er laser was increased (P<0.005); however, the proliferation and osteoblastic gene expression of hPDLSCs on the disks irradiated by Diode laser were decreased. Conclusion: Irradiation by Er and Nd:YAG laser could effectively promote the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs on the MAO titanium disks, however, irradiation by diode laser deteriorated the osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Chitosan/curcumin Nanocomposite on Cariogenic Ability of Streptococcus Mutans MEI Jie, SHI Wanwei, GUO Ting, WU Minjing 2022, 38(11): 1058-1063.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.012 Abstract ( 146 )   PDF (1962KB) ( 179 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of chitosan/curcumin nanocomposite on cariogenic ability of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Methods: Curcumin was compounded with chitosan to form chitosan/curcumin nanocomposites (CS/cur) containing different concentrations of curcumin (0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10 mmol/L). CS/cur was applied to S. mutans in planktonic state and biofilm state. The growth curve of S. mutans, pH change of culture, and bacterial glycolysis ability were evaluated. Crystal violet staining was utilized to evaluate the amount of S. mutans biofilm biomass, and anthrone method was used to detect the content of insoluble extracellular polysaccharide in biofilm. Finally, colony count was used to evaluate the number of bacteria in biofilm. Results: CS/cur inhibited the growth of S. mutans, and the inhibition effect of CS/cur was cur concentration related. The pH of S. mutans culture could not be reduced to the level of blank control group. Moreover, the glycolytic ability of S. mutans also decreased after CS/cur. After CS/cur was applied to S. mutans, crystal violet staining showed that the amount of biofilm formed by S. mutans decreased (P<0.05). The results of anthrone detection of extracellular polysaccharides showed that the content of insoluble extracellular polysaccharides in biofilm decreased significantly (P<0.05). Colony count showed that the number of bacteria also decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: CS/cur nanocomposite has a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of cariogenic factors of S. mutans, suggesting that CS/cur nanocomposite is expected to become a new anti-caries drug and provides a new strategy for caries prevention and treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Dental Pulp Fibroblasts Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pulpitis LI Dan, ZHANG Qi 2022, 38(11): 1064-1070.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.013 Abstract ( 154 )   PDF (2805KB) ( 164 )   Objective: To explore the occurrence and effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in pulpitis and on inflammatory factor of human dental pulp fibroblasts (hDPFs). Methods: Rats were used to construct the pulpitis models. The samples were collected at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the inflammatory infiltration. The mRNA expression levels of ERS and inflammatory factors were detected by RT-qPCR. HDPFs were cultured in vitro and divided into control group, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) group, LPS group, and LPS+4-PBA group. The samples were collected at 1 d. Endoplasmic reticulum morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of ERS markers proteins were detected by immunofluorescence. The mRNA expression of ERS makers and inflammatory factors were detected by RT-qPCR. 4-PBA was used in the pulp cavity for "rescue", and samples were collected at 1, 3, and 7 d. Results: With increased exposure time, the inflammatory infiltration of pulp tissue increased, and the mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, GRP78, CHOP, and XBP1 increased (P<0.05). In vitro, the endoplasmic reticulum was swelling and dilation in LPS group, and the expressions of GRP78 and CHOP proteins were increased. The mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, GRP78, CHOP and XBP1 were increased. 4-PBA improved endoplasmic reticulum injury, decreased GRP78 and CHOP expression, and decreased mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory factors (P<0.05). In vivo "rescue" showed that 4-PBA could reduce the inflammatory infiltration and inhibit the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, GRP78, and CHOP (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the occurrence and development of pulpitis, ERS is involved and increased the secretion of inflammatory factors. 4-PBA inhibits ERS and improves inflammatory response. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Cytocompatibility, Osteogenic Potential, and Antibacterial Activity of Three Root Canal Sealers in Vitro YANG Xiliang, ZHENG Tianxia, YANG Nuoya, YIN Zihan, BAI Yuhong 2022, 38(11): 1071-1075.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.014 Abstract ( 159 )   PDF (1907KB) ( 134 )   Objective: To evaluate the in vitro cytocompatibility and osteogenic and antibacterial activity of iMTA, BioRoot RCS, and AH Plus. Methods: The control group and experimental group of three root canal sealers were set. The extraction was gradient diluted by 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%, respectively. L929 cells were cultured with different concentrations of extracts. The A values at 24, 48, and 72h were determined by CCK-8, and the relative proliferation rate of each group was calculated. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with extracts. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization-promoting nodule formation potential were compared after 7 days and 28 days. Using direct contact method, fresh sealer was mixed with Enterococcus faecalis solution to compare the antibacterial activity of each group. Results: With the increase of extraction concentration, the relative proliferation rate of cells were decreased. The relative proliferation rates of iMTA and BioRoot RCS group were higher than that of AH plus group under the same contact time and concentration (P<0.01). The ALP activity and mineralization-promoting nodule formation ability of iMTA and BioRoot RCS were significantly higher than those of AH plus (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between iMTA and BioRoot RCS groups (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, iMTA significantly reduced the number of Enterococcus faecalis (P<0.01). Conclusion: The cytotoxicity of iMTA is negatively correlated with the concentration of the extract and positively correlated with the contact time. iMTA and BioRoot RCS have similar osteogenic energy, and have certain antibacterial effect on Enterococcus faecalis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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In Vitro Comparison of Apical Sealing Ability of iRoot SP and iRoot BP Plus XIE Zhenhuan, CAI Dongping, YANG Xuechao 2022, 38(11): 1076-1081.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.015 Abstract ( 223 )   PDF (1457KB) ( 250 )   Objective: To compare the apical sealing ability of iRoot SP bioceramic root-filling sealers with that of iRoot BP Plus root-end filling materials. Methods: A total of 102 mandibular premolar teeth were extracted and assigned to five groups: Group A: AH Plus using the warm gutta-percha vertical condensation (WGPVC) technique; Group B: iRoot SP sealer-only; Group C: iRoot SP sealer using the single-cone obturation technique (SCO); Group D: iRoot SP using SCO plus iRoot BP Plus as the root-end filling material; and Group E: iRoot SP+ SCO+ mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as the root-end filling material. Dye penetration experiments were performed using the ink, and the longest length of microleakage was detected with stereoscopic microscope and scanning electron microscope. Results: The mean values of microleakage in Groups A, B, C, D, and E were (0.65 ±0.73) mm , (0.33±0.35) mm, (0.32±0.20) mm, (0.24±0.32) mm, and (0.23±0.31) mm, respectively. In the iRoot SP sealer-only group, microleakage occurred mainly in the fissures or bubbles within the sealer, and in the iRoot BP Plus and MTA root-end filling groups, microleakage occurred mainly in the area between the canal wall and material. Conclusion: The apical sealing ability of iRoot SP was similar to that of iRoot BP Plus. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Micro Computed Tomography Study on Removal of Accumulated Hard-tissue Debris in Root Canals of Primary Teeth by Photon Induced Photoacoustic Streaming MENG Si, HUANG Wenyan, WU Yuejun, YANG Jingjing, GE Lihong, ZENG Sujuan 2022, 38(11): 1082-1086.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.016 Abstract ( 170 )   PDF (1058KB) ( 140 )   Objective: To investigate the cleaning effects of photon induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) irrigation in the removal of accumulated hard tissue debris (AHTD) in the root canal of primary teeth by using micro-CT analysis. Methods: Thirty deciduous incisors were divided into six groups with five teeth in each group: t1 (1% NaOCl); t2 (1% NaOCl +17% EDTA); t3 (UAI); t4 (0.15 W-PIPS); t5 (0.3 W-PIPS); and t6 (0.6 W-PIPS). After micro-CT scans, root canal volume, debris volume, and percentage reduction of AHTD in the canals were calculated. Results: The volume of all the root canals altered slightly after preparation. Significant differences between the debris volume of total root canals pre and post irrigation in each group (P<0.05) were obtained. The t5 group had the largest percent reduction of AHTD, with the lowest being t1 and t2 groups in the cervical, apical, and total root canal. In intra-group analysis, t1, t5, and t6 groups displayed significant differences, with the cervical region presenting a greater volume of debris than the apical portion (P<0.05). Conclusion: Primary teeth root canal cleanliness was significantly improved with different activation techniques. The greatest debris reduction of cervical and apical regions of primary teeth was obtained with the PIPS protocol under 0.3-W power. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Hippo Signaling Pathway in Human Periodontal Membrane Cells LI Ping, YIN Juan, XU Minxin, XUE Hui 2022, 38(11): 1087-1091.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.017 Abstract ( 146 )   PDF (1486KB) ( 208 )   Objective: To observe the effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the genes expression of Hippo signaling pathway in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). Methods: The primary cells were cultured, and the third generation of periodontal cells were stimulated with LIPUS for 3 days with the intensity of 30 mW/cm2, 45 mW/cm2, and 60 mW/cm2 for 25 min. Western blot and Q-PCR were used to detect the genes expression of Hippo signaling pathway. The changes of cell morphology were observed, and the optimal treatment conditions were screened. Alizarin red staining was performed on cells stimulated for 21 days to analyze the effect of LIPUS on osteogenesis compared with the control group. Results: In this study, primary periodontal membrane cells were successfully cultured. The expression of YAP, TAZ, and RUNX2 in Hippo signaling pathway was significantly enhanced, and the p-TAZ and p-YAP expressions were down-regulated in periodontal membrane cells with LIPUS stimulated. The osteogenic effect of 45 mW/cm2 and 60 mW/cm2 was more obvious than that of 30 mW/cm2. In contrast to the control group, calcium nodules increased significantly after LIPUS (60 mW/cm2) stimulation. Conclusion: Low-pulse ultrasound with appropriate intensity can promote the expression of osteogenic genes of Hippo signaling pathway in periodontal membrane cells, which can provide a theoretical basis to optimize the orthodontic environment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Early Screening of Periodontal Disease Based on Deep Learning of Intra Oral Digital Image ZHU Hongbiao, LIU Qiangdong, ZENG Ziqiang, LOU Weiming, DAI Fang, WU Jingting, DENG Tian, DENG Libin, SONG Li 2022, 38(11): 1092-1095.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.018 Abstract ( 283 )   PDF (1052KB) ( 429 )   Objective: To construct an artificial intelligence (AI) early screening model of periodontal disease based on convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning technology, and to assist non-periodontal doctors in early screening of periodontal disease. Methods: The oral digital photos and clinical data of periodontal non-healthy people and periodontal healthy people were collected from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Vgg-16 was used to train and test intra oral digital images. Three training models, i.e. nine grid mouth, orthotopic occlusal, and orthotopic occlusal excluding invalid background, were established. Results: A total of 3869 oral digital images of 578 subjects were collected, including 2230 periodontal healthy images and 1639 periodontal unhealthy images. Vgg-16 was used to establish three kinds of training set models. The accuracy of prediction of digital image in nine grid mouth, digital image in orthotopic occlusal mouth, and digital image in orthotopic occlusal mouth excluding invalid background were 66.62%, 64.66%, and 77.44%, respectively. AUC values were 0.651, 0.767, and 0.784, respectively. Conclusion: The VGG-16 model constructed in this study can effectively assist non-periodontal doctors in early screening of periodontal disease through intra-oral digital image recognition. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Verrucous Xanthoma of Gingiva: A Case Report WANG Chang, QU Xingyuan, LIU Yue, ZHANG Qian, LIANG Chen, SHI Ce, WANG Lei, GAO Donghui 2022, 38(11): 1096-1097.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.019 Abstract ( 391 )   PDF (1055KB) ( 246 )   Oral verrucous xanthoma (oral verruciform xanthoma, OVX) is a rare oral benign lesion. The purpose of this paper is to report a recent clinical case of oral verrucous xanthoma in our hospital and review the case of oral verrucous xanthoma reported in the literature, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Extraction of Fractured Root in the Left Mandibular Canal: A Case Report ZHU Tianshuang, CAI Yu 2022, 38(11): 1098-1100.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.11.020 Abstract ( 208 )   PDF (2024KB) ( 499 )   Root fracture often occurs during extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. The fractured root is difficult to be removed, especially in the mandibular canal, and even be pushed to the deeper place, which might lead to or aggravate the inferior alveolar nerve damage. This paper reported a case to remove the fractured root of impacted mandibular third molars, in the mandibular canal. References | Related Articles | Metrics