Abstract: Shape memory polymers have the ability to switch from a temporary status to permanent status or transfer original shape triggered by heating, light irradiation, electrical stimulation, magnetic exposure or immersion in water. Among them, the heat-induced shape memory polymer is the most typical representative, which can change through a transition temperature. On the medical area, the relevant considerations, such as biocompatibility, mechanical property and biodegradability, are important factors. Depending on shape memory effect, biodegradable shape memory polymers have emerged as an extensive and potential alternative to other materials. In this article, the shape memory principle of shape memory polymers is discussed. The classification and oral medical applications of biodegradable shape memory polymers are introduced.