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28 November 2019, Volume 35 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Application of Custom-made Titanium Mesh in Implant Dentistry for Bone Augmentation JI Ping, YANG Sheng 2019, 35(11): 1011-1015.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.001 Abstract ( 592 )   PDF (3333KB) ( 684 )   Guided bone regeneration (GBR) has always been the research hotspots in the field of dental implantology research, and it is also one of the difficulties in clinical technology. In recent years, titanium mesh has been widely used in GBR treatment owing to its good mechanical properties and structure support function. However, the traditional titanium mesh can not completely conform to the alveolar bone morphology, which may lead to mucosal or wound tearing, titanium mesh exposure, and other complications. With the rise of 3D printing technology, CAD/CAM technology can be used to design and manufacture custom-made titanium mesh with specific shape, thickness and pore size. Custom-made titanium mesh can better fit the bone defects and significantly reduce the surgery time and the exposure rate, especially suitable for large bone defect with complex anatomical morphology. This paper introduces the application and research status of custom-made titanium mesh used for bone augmentation in implant treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advancement in Development and Regeneration of Exosomes in Oral Tissues SHI Weiwei, GUO Shujuan 2019, 35(11): 1016-1019.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.002 Abstract ( 359 )   PDF (767KB) ( 414 )   Exosomes secreted by cells are small vesicles. As a nanoscale signal molecule, exosomes play a key role in the communication among cells, tissue, and organs. Recently, studies demonstrate that exosomes can promote angiogenesis, wound healing, and bone regeneration. This paper reviewed relevant studies about the effect of exosomes on promting the organogenesis and regeneration of oral tissue. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Orthognathic Surgery and Distraction Osteogenesis in the Treatment of OSAHS WEI Qian, ZHOU Nuo 2019, 35(11): 1020-1022.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.003 Abstract ( 249 )   PDF (751KB) ( 229 )   Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common clinical disease that causes multiple organ damage and may threaten life. Surgery is the main effective treatment. At present, orthognathic surgery and distraction osteogenesis have been widely used to treat OSAHS patients secondary to jaw deformities. This article reviews the clinical application of orthognathic surgery and distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of OSAHS. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Endothelial Mesenchymal Transition in Tumors LIU Xinchen, SUN Hongchen 2019, 35(11): 1023-1025.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.004 Abstract ( 305 )   PDF (753KB) ( 210 )   Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) means that endothelial cells acquire mesenchymal-like phenotype after stimulated by inflammatory factors. EndMT is not only involved in embryonic development and organ fibrosis, but also has an important impact on the occurrence and development of tumors. This article reviews the effects and mechanisms of EndMT on tumor in recent years in order to provide new ideas and targets for tumor treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on the Regulation of Bone Homeostasis by Oncostatin M FENG Lihua, XIA Haibin 2019, 35(11): 1026-1029.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.005 Abstract ( 235 )   PDF (772KB) ( 271 )   Bone tissue is in the dynamic equilibrium state of bone resorption and bone formation throughout life, namely bone homeostasis. In the body, a complex network of cells and cytokines regulates bone homeostasis. Oncostatin M (OSM), as a member of the IL-6 family, is a cytokine with multiple biological activities. Recent studies have shown that osteoblasts, osteocytes, and macrophages can regulate bone formation and bone resorption by secreting OSM, which plays an important role in bidirectional regulation of bone homeostasis. This paper reviews the research progress of OSM on bone homeostasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Digital Guide Plate in Treatment of Supernumerary Teeth MA Wen, LI Yanni, WANG Lidong, LIANG Yan, LI Ming 2019, 35(11): 1030-1034.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.006 Abstract ( 297 )   PDF (4676KB) ( 299 )   Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of individual plate in the treatment of supernumerary teeth using digital technology. Methods: According to patient's CT data, personalized plate was designed and printed which used software Mimics 19.0 (Materialise, Belgium) combined with Geomagic studio 2014 (Geomagic Inc., America), then surgery was performed with locating of plate. Results: All patients were completed surgery successfully, which reduced the injury of extra bone tissue effectively during the operation. There were no injuries of adjacent teeth root, nerves and vessels. The patients felt good postoperative. Conclusion: The digital guide technology could preoperatively design the location, orientation, and depth accurately, which provided precise positioning in patients’ mouth. In this way it could minimize the damage of impacted supernumerary teeth extraction and surrounding bone tissue in accordance with the alveolar surgery concept of precision and minimally invasive surgery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Velopharyngeal Function between Furlow Palatoplasty and Two-flap Method in Repairing Cleft Palate HE Huijun, FU Yuchuan, CHEN Huilan, MIREGULI·Tuersunjiang, KE Jin, CAI Hengxing, LONG Xing, LI Jian 2019, 35(11): 1035-1039.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.007 Abstract ( 229 )   PDF (2435KB) ( 322 )   Objective: To evaluate and compare the voice effects and velopharyngeal function of cleft palate repaired with Furlow palatoplasty and two-flap method. Methods: Eighty-four patients with cleft palate who come for clinic at Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University from January 2010 to December 2016 were selected, including 40 males and 44 females, at the age of 8 months to 12 months. Forty-five cases were treated with Furlow palatoplasty, while 39 cases were repaired by two-flap method. The surgeon was the same physician. Postoperative speech assessments were done by professional speech therapist, and the cephalometric measure and nasoendoscopy were made to detect the velopharyngeal closure. Results: There was a significant statistical difference between Furlow palatoplasty and two-flap method in the PSA scores, the need ratio (PW/PU), the degree of sagittal palatopharyngeal closure (BC/BD), and the velopharyngeal closure rate. There was no significant difference in the elevation angle of the soft palate. Conclusion: Both Furlow palatoplasty and two-flap method can effectively repair cleft palate patients. Furlow palatoplasty can improve the speech more effectively by reconstructing the levator veli palatini and reverse double Z plasty. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Early Orthodontic Treatment on Alveolar Bone in Patients with Cleft Lip Palate NIU Shuqiang, CHEN Jianghao, HOU Fengchun, ZANG Yanjun, ZHANG Qianqian 2019, 35(11): 1040-1043.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.008 Abstract ( 199 )   PDF (1008KB) ( 258 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of early orthodontic treatment on alveolar bone in patients with cleft lip palate. Methods: Ninety-seven children with cleft lip palate admitted to our hospital from April 2016 to May 2018 were collected and divided into the early orthodontic group (<6 years old, n=55) and the control group (6 years old, n=42) according to their age. Both groups were given orthodontic treatment. The canine spacing, molar spacing, alveolar bone height and density, and masticatory efficiency were measured before and after orthodontic treatment. Then the facial satisfaction scores and complications were recorded. Results: The canine spacing and molar spacing increased in both groups after treatment, and were larger in the early orthodontic group than in the control group (P<0.05). The visual analogue satisfaction scores increased in both groups after treatment, and were higher in the early orthodontic group than in the control group (P<0.05). The alveolar bone height increased in both groups after treatment, and were higher in the early orthodontic group than in the control group (P<0.05). The alveolar bone density showed no difference between groups after treatment (P>0.05). The masticatory efficiency increased in both groups after treatment, and were better in the early orthodontic group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Early orthodontic treatment can effectively and safely improve the dental arch relationship of children with cleft lip palate, optimize the health status of alveolar bone, and improve the masticatory efficiency. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and Clinical Significance of DDIT4 Gene in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma GE Chuncheng, WANG Yu, HE Sangang, XU Jia, Wang Xi, TONG Guoyong, YU Zhouqing 2019, 35(11): 1044-1047.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.009 Abstract ( 217 )   PDF (1049KB) ( 155 )   Objective: To explore the expression and clinical significance of DDIT4 gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: The OSCC cohort data from TCGA database and GSE42743 dataset from GEO database were downloaded. DDIT4 expression in OSCC group and normal control group were compared, and the association of DDIT4 with clinical data and prognosis were analyzed. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis was used to identify the potential biological functions associated with DDIT4. Results: The expression of DDIT4 was higher in OSCC than in control groups, with statistical significance between groups (P<0.001). In patients with OSCC, DDIT4 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage (P<0.001), and the survival rate of high DDIT4 group was significantly higher than that of low DDIT4 group (Log-rank P<0.01). Additional, Cox regression analysis indicated that high expression of DDIT4 was an independent predictor for poor prognosis of OSCC patients (P<0.05). Bioinformatics analysis showed that DDIT4 may be associated with hypoxia, glycolysis, mTORC1 signaling, TNF-α signaling via NF-κb, G2M checkpoint, and p53 pathway. Conclusion: DDIT4 expression is increased in OSCC patients, which is associated with the tumor stage. OSCC patients with high DDIT4 have a poor prognosis. Therefore, DDIT4 is a potential biomarker for prognostic evaluation of GC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Ren Anastomosis in Reconstruction of Oral and Maxillofacial Defects GUO Fengyuan, LI Wenqiang, XU Zhi, HUANG Chunming, HU Chuanyu 2019, 35(11): 1048-1051.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.010 Abstract ( 235 )   PDF (1923KB) ( 307 )   Objective: To explore the feasibility, effectiveness, and clinical value of Ren anastomosis in oral and maxillofacial defects repair with free flaps. Methods: Between July 2017 and December 2018, 116 patients (118 flaps), including 97 males and 19 females, aged 34-71 years old, underwent free skin flap repair for oral and maxillofacial defects in departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery of Tongji hospital and Union hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. They were divided into two groups according to the arterial anastomosis method, Ren anastomosis group (50 flaps) and conventional end to end anastomosis group (68 flaps). And the venous anastomosis method of the both groups was conventional end to end or end to side anastomosis. Results: The average time of arterial anastomosis of Ren anastomosis was obviously shorter than that of control group [(5.6±2.1) minutes and (13.7±4.2) minutes]. In totally, one case of arterial crisis and one case of venous crisis following with the flap necrosis occured in Ren anastomosis group; and in the control group, one flap failed to rescue after arterial crisis and 3 flaps developed venous crisis. Conclusion: Ren vascular anastomosis method obviously reduces the operation time and simplifies operation steps compared to conventional vascular anastomosis. It was recommonded to use Ren anastomosis in the repair of oral and maxillofacial defects. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Retrospective Analysis of 15 Cases of Madelung's Disease MA Yufei, ZHAO Zhiguo, HUANG Yiyi, LIU Weixian 2019, 35(11): 1052-1056.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.011 Abstract ( 242 )   PDF (2618KB) ( 212 )   Objective: To study the clinical and imaging features, treatment, and prognostic factors of Madelung's disease. Methods: The location, clinical appearance, laboratory findings, imaging features, treatment, and prognosis of Madelung's disease were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Male-to-female ratio of Madelung's disease was 14:1, with an average age of (52.1±6.7)years. 84.6% of the patients had a long-term drinking history, and 80% of them occurred in anterior cervical region and neck region. 69.2% of the patients had abnormal liver function, mainly with elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase, of which 88.8% had a history of drinking. The main manifestation was the diffuse symmetry distribution of the tumor, painless and slow growth, and the boundary with the surrounding tissue was unclear. CT and MR showed symmetrical accumulation of subcutaneous fat without envelope, unclear boundaries, linear or reticular fibrous septum, compression, displacement, atrophy and deformation of adjacent muscles and glands. 10 patients had different degrees of cervical disc herniation and cervical degenerative changes. Fourteen patients underwent open surgical resection, 2 patients had postoperative complications. Four patients had recurrence after operation. Conclusion: Madelung's disease is predominant in middle-aged males. Heavy drinking is one of the inducing factors of Madelung's disease. The lesions mainly occur in the neck and scapula. Most patients with liver dysfunction are mainly caused by heavy drinking. CT and MRI play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of Madelung's disease. Most patients have cervical spondylosis. Open surgical resection can significantly improve the patient's morphology and function. High recurrence rate of alcohol consumption occurs in patients with Madelung's disease after operation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Mandibular Anterior Crowding and Dental Arch and Base Bone in the Mixed Dentition SHENG Li, LI Tao, ORKEN·Kamenbek, YUAN Xiaojuan, LIU Yishan 2019, 35(11): 1057-1061.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.012 Abstract ( 218 )   PDF (1773KB) ( 186 )   Objective: To compare and analyze the relationship between mandibular anterior crowding in the mixed dentition and the dental arch and the base bone. Methods: Mandibular dental casts of 139 children in the early mixed dentition were divided into two groups according to the severity of mandibular anterior crowding. The total arch length, dental arch length and width, and basal bone arch length and width were compared between the crowded group (71) and noncrowded group (68), and the correlations with crowding were investigated. Results: Males in the normal group were significantly larger than females. In the crowded group, except for the length of the arch and the posterior segment of the basal bone arch, the other indicators were smaller than the normal group; the total arch length, the first dental arch length, the first and second dental arch width, the first basal bone arch length, and the second and third basal bone arch width in males group were significantly larger in normal group. Significant inverse correlations were found between crowding and the length of first dental arch and first basal bone arch. It also had significant inverse correlations between crowding and the width of second basal bone arch in female group. Conclusion: The crowded dentition has a close relationship with the dental arch and basal bone arch. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Posterior Occlusion Plane Change of Adults with Angle ClassⅡ Division 1 Hyperdivergent Malocclusion Treated by Mini-implant Anchorage WEI Hui, WEI Jiadai, DENG Duanyao, ZHU Siting, CHEN Ku, MO Shuixue 2019, 35(11): 1062-1065.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.013 Abstract ( 201 )   PDF (1506KB) ( 220 )   Objective: To evaluate the posterior occlusion plane change of the adults with Angle classⅡ division 1 hyperdivergent malocclusion treated by mini-implant anchorage. Methods: 44 patients (aged 18-35 years) with Angle class Ⅱ division 1 hyperdivergent malocclusion who had extracted the upper 1st premolars and lower 2st premolars were treated with mini-implant anchorage (Group A,n=22) and non-anchorage (Group B,n=22), respectively. Pre-treatment and post-treatment cephalograms were measured and analyzed. Results: After treatment, in group A: OP-diff increased (P<0.05), while SNA, ANB, SN-MP, FH-AOP, FH-POP, and U1-PP decreased (P<0.05). In group B: SN-MP, FH-AOP, FH-POP, OP-diff, U1-PP, U6-PP, and L6-MP increased (P<0.05), while SNA, SNB, and L1-MP decreased (P＜0.05). The changes of other indexes were not statistically different (P>0.05). Conclusion: The posterior occlusion plane angle in the adults with Angle classⅡ division 1 hyperdivergent malocclusion treated by mini-implant anchorage decreases, and the mandible rotates counterclockwise. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Long-term Antibacterial and Bonding Properties of Silver Nanoparticles In-situ Synthesized in Resin Adhesive FAN Yue, REN Lingyan, TANG Xuna, MENG Xiangfeng 2019, 35(11): 1066-1069.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.014 Abstract ( 222 )   PDF (1340KB) ( 218 )   Objective: To evaluate the degree of polymerization, the long-term antibacterial, and bonding properties of resin adhesive containing silver nanoparticles. Methods: Silver 2-ethylhexanoate was added to 2-(tert-butylamino) ethyl methacrylate to form a 8 wt% silver salt containing solution. Then the mixed solution was added to the adhesive part of Clearfil SE Bond (CSB) to obtain three resin adhesives containing 0wt%, 0.10wt%, and 0.20wt% Ag. All specimens (diameter of 6 mm, thickness of 1 mm) were irradiated by 1000 mW/cm2 for 20 s. Specimens were separately immersed in the sterile artificial saliva for 1 week and 12 weeks. The direct contact method was used to detect the antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, and the formation of biofilms was observed by scanning electron microscope. The degree of conversion of specimens was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. And the micro-tensile bond strength of specimens was measured after soaking in artificial saliva for 1 d and 12 w. Results: There was no significant difference in the degree of conversion and micro-tensile bond strength above three resin adhesives (P>0.05). After immersion for 12 weeks, the 0 wt% Ag resin adhesive had no antibacterial ability, while the antibacterial rates of 0.10wt% Ag and 0.20wt% Ag adhesive were 87.00% and 93.48%, respectively. Conclusion: In-situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles could provide antibacterial properties for resin adhesives, and had no effect on the degree of conversion and bonding property of adhesives. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Osseointegration of Micro-arc Oxidized Hydroxyapatite Coated Titanium Implants WANG Yanling, DING Hong, HE Wei, ZHU Lansheng, LIU Aiqun, XU Xiaoting 2019, 35(11): 1070-1073.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.015 Abstract ( 168 )   PDF (1686KB) ( 130 )   Objective: To explore the osseointegration of micro-arc oxidized hydroxyapatite (HA) titanium implants in vivo. Methods: Two HA coated titanium implants were prepared by electrochemistry (ELC) and micro-arc oxidation (MAO) method. The implant surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. The beagle dog was treated with implants 2 months after the extraction of the posterior mandibular teeth. Bone tissue sections were stained 2 months after implantation to observe the degree of osseointegration. X-ray was used to observe the amount of bone around the implants in both groups. The torsion test was used to detect the torsion required to twist out the implants, so as to judge the degree of osseointegration of implants in two groups. Results: Scanning electron microscope showed that the surface of implants in MAO group was rougher than that in ELC group. Tissue sections showed that the implants in MAO group were more tightly bound to the surrounding bone. X-ray results showed that the MAO group had abundant bone mass around the implants, while the ELC group had less bone mass around the implants. The torsion test showed that compared with the ELC group, the MAO group required more torsion force to twist out the implant, and the differences between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.0006). Conclusion: Micro-arc oxidized hydroxyapatite coated titanium implants can be used in clinical implant therapy as a novel material with good properties References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research of Anatomic Characteristics of Lingual Foramina in the Mandibular Complete Edentulism by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography HE Ping, WU Xiaole, XING Wenzhong, FENG Yu, CHEN Xiaodong 2019, 35(11): 1074-1077.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.016 Abstract ( 207 )   PDF (1015KB) ( 200 )   Objective: To evluate the lingual foramina (LF) and lingual canal (LC) in the mandibular complete edentulism by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of 70 patients with type Ⅲ alveolar bone resorption in the mandibular complete edentulism from January 2017 to June 2018 were selected. The number of LF in interforaminal region and the frequency, distribution, diameter, distance from the alveolar dome/submandibular plane, and the length, direction and termination of the LC were observed and measured. Statistical analysis was performed on the data using SPSS17.0 software. Results: A total of 246 LF were found in 70 patients. They were divided into median lingual foramina (MLF) and lateral lingual foramina (LLF). Among them, MLF accounted for 52.4%, and to the lower border of mandibular was 8.51±3.20mm. The diameter was significantly different in gender (male>female). The average length of the LC was 5.99±1.76mm, and 54.1% of the LC intersected the incisor tube. Conclusion: The LF is common in mandibular interforaminal region, especially in the median area. This study has good clinical significance for the operation of implants for mandibular complete edentulism. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between Posterior Occlusal Plane and Mandibular Morphology: A CBCT Study LIU Zhiao, XU Weihua, ZHENG Zhijun 2019, 35(11): 1078-1083.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.017 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF (2355KB) ( 244 )   Objective: To explore the correlation between posterior occlusal plane (POP) and mandibular morphology by CBCT measurement. Methods: 71 participants were included from imaging database according to the inclusion criteria. The POP and mandibular morphology were measured, and the data were exported to SPSS Ver.25 in which the correlation between both measurements were calculated. Results: (1) The second premolar height (U5 Ht) was positively correlated with PAFH; (2) POP was negatively correlated with Co-Go, Co-Gn and Go-Gn; (3) POP was negatively correlated with articular eminence height; (4) POP was correlated with upper second molar height (U7 Ht), but not significantly correlated with U5 Ht. Conclusion: (1) One main reason for steep POP was decreased U7 Ht which was consequently the key to level the OP; (2) In steep POP group, the mandible was small, retruded and rotated in a backward orientation; (3) Steep POP was strongly correlated with short AE Ht which could alter the morphology and function of mandible in a synergic way. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Expression of Phospholipase Cγ in Inflammatory Microenvironment of Enterococcus Faecalis Lipoteichoic Acid SHI Dongmei, XU Huijun, ZUO Meina, ZHANG Hong, ZHANG Mi, WU Saixuan, DONG Ming, NIU Weidong 2019, 35(11): 1084-1088.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.018 Abstract ( 202 )   PDF (2230KB) ( 171 )   Objective: To explore the expression of PLCγ and NFATC1 mRNA in osteoblasts and osteoclasts under the inflammatory microenvironment of Enterococcus faecalis LTA. Methods: Mouse RAW264.7 and MC3T3-E1 were induced into osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the localization of PLCγ and NFATC1 after LTA treatment of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of PLCγ and NFATC1 mRNA after osteoclast and osteoblasts by LTA. CCK8 detects the proliferative activity of LTA after osteoclast and osteoblasts. Results: Osteogenic and osteoblasts were successfully induced. Immunofluorescence showed PLCγ localization in the cytoplasm and NFATC1 localization in the nucleus. PCR results showed that the mRNA expression levels of PLCγ and NFATC1 in osteoblasts were significantly decreased after LTA stimulation (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of PLCγ and NFATC1 in osteoclasts were significantly increased after LTA stimulation (P<0.05). Conclusion: PLCγ and NFATC1 may play a role in the inflammatory response and bone destruction of refractory apical periodontitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Overexpression on Osteoclast-related Cytokine Factors WANG Jia, ZHANG Wenjing, HAN Xiangzhen, ZHOU Qiqi, HE Huiyu 2019, 35(11): 1089-1093.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.019 Abstract ( 196 )   PDF (2049KB) ( 171 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) overexpression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of SD rat on the osteoclast-associated cytokines. Methods: Overexpression plasmid vector to up-regulate M-CSF gene expression was constructed. The optimal transfection dose was determined using green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and the plasmid was transfected into BMSCs. The mRNA expression levels of osteoclast differentiation specific markers M-CSF, RANKL, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-24 were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: The positive rates of BMSCs surface markers CD29 and CD44 were 91.4% and 85.7% by flow cytometry and 2% by CD45. 5 μL/well LTX reagent was the best transfection efficiency. RT-PCR results showed that the expression of M-CSF in BMSCs of experimental group was significantly increased (P<0.001). The expression of RANKL, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-24, the specific markers of osteoclast differentiation of BMSCs, increased significantly (P<0.001), while the expression of IL-6 decreased (P<0.001). There was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: Overexpression of M-CSF enhances the ability of BMSCs to differentiate into osteoclasts, and has an effect on the early, middle, and late stages of osteoclast differentiation. In addition, M-CSF high expression plasmid is a powerful gene therapy tool for bone regeneration by introducing foreign genes into BMSCs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Unilateral Chewing on Structure of Deep Masseter Muscle in Rats and Regulation Mechanism of IGF-1 LIU Siqi, LI Yinghui, LIU Ziyang, WANG Wen, MA Wensheng 2019, 35(11): 1094-1099.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.020 Abstract ( 217 )   PDF (4000KB) ( 196 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of unilateral chewing on the structure of deep masseter in rats and the role of IGF-1. Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. A unilateral chewing model was established by unilateral occlusal plate. After 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of modeling, the deep masseter muscle was taken and the structural changes were observed by frozen section HE, ATPase, and NADH-TR staining. The expression of IGF-1 and CaN mRNA was detected by real-time RCR. The level of IGF-1 protein was detected by ELISA and the CaN protein was detected by Western blot. Results: After 2, 3, and 4 weeks of wearing occlusal plate, the proportion of MHCⅡa fibers on the non-biased chewing side increased more than that of the chewing side and was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The protein and mRNA content of IGF-1 and CaN on the non-biased chewing side were higher than that of the non-biased chewing side and control group at week 3 and 4 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Unilateral chewing leads to the transition of muscle fiber type from MHCⅡb to MHCⅡa, which may relate to the increased secretion of IGF-1 and CaN. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Combination of Periodontal and Orthodontic Treatment for Severe Chronic Periodontitis Patient with Upper Migrated Incisor: A Case Report SUN Yuhong, YANG Liu, WANG Shuo, XIA Lulu, GUO Li, CAO Zhengguo, HUA Xianming 2019, 35(11): 1100-1102.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2019.11.021 Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (3304KB) ( 314 )   Severe periodontitis at anterior teeth is manifested by migration and mobility of teeth along with occlusal trauma due to destruction of periodontal tissue, which leads to compromised oral function and aesthetics. A patient with severe chronic periodontitis combined with tooth migration was treated with periodontal therapy and orthodontic treatment, which resulted in improved occlusion and aesthetics. References | Related Articles | Metrics