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20 October 2017, Volume 33 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Study on Immune Efficacy of Self-assembling Anti-caries Nanoparticle Vaccine YE Qian-lin, LI ZHEN, CAO Xi-xi, LIU Chang, FAN Ming-wen 2017, 33(10): 1023-1026.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.001 Abstract ( 448 )   PDF (1333KB) ( 325 )   Objective: To study the efficacy of self-assembling anti-caries nanoparticle vaccine Glu-FTH and Glu + Poly (I:C) on inducing protective humoral immune response and mucosal immune response in mice. Methods: The mice were separated into 6 groups randomly. Glu-FTH, Glu, Glu-FTH+Poly (I:C), Glu+Poly (I:C), FTH and PBS were respectively delivered into mice by intranasal administration. The levels of specific antibodies in serum and saliva were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The levels of serum anti-Glu IgG in Glu-FTH, Glu, Glu-FTH+Poly (I:C), Glu+Poly(I:C) group increased. The levels of salivary anti-Glu sIgA in Glu+Poly(I:C) and Glu also increased. Conclusion: Anti-caries vaccine Glu-FTH and the synergy of Poly (I:C) and Glu can induce specific immune response. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identifying Molecular Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Originating from Oral Submucous Fibrosis using QPCR WANG Yuan ,JIAN Xin-chun ,LIU De-yu 2017, 33(10): 1027-1030.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.002 Abstract ( 349 )   PDF (1259KB) ( 199 )   Objective: To explore the specific molecular markers of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) originating from oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), and provide theoretical foundation for clarifying the key mechanism and early diagnosis of OSCC. Methods: Based on the analysis data of early gene chip, 10 candidate genes CXCL8, CXCL1, PTPRZ1, WDR66, DKK1, COX6A2, ATP1A2, TPM1, ABCA8 and MIB1 were screened out. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) was used to detect the expression of candidate genes in 12 OSCC samples originating from OSF, 10 non-OSF OSCC samples, and 8 samples from normal tissues. The results were compared and analyzed using 2-ΔΔCT equation.Results: The expression of CXCL1 and PTPRZ1 were significantly higher than that of the non-OSF and normal control group (P<0.05). The expression of TPM1 was significant lower than that of the non-OSF and normal control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: CXCL1, PTPRZ1, and TPM1 are meaningful to the early diagnosis of OSCC originating from OSF, expected to become specific molecular markers of the early diagnosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of IgY inhibiting Fusobacterium nucleatum proliferation Based on Response Surface Methodology XU Xiao-chen, WANG Fang, LUO Xin-long, ZHOU Yu, GUO Rui-hua, WU Wen-hui 2017, 33(10): 1031-1035.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.003 Abstract ( 278 )   PDF (1486KB) ( 219 )   Objective: To optimize the colony count of IgY against F. nucleatum in oral simulation environment. Methods: The final colony count was used as the evaluation index. On the basis of single factor test, response surface methodology was employed with three factors and three levers such as number of colonies at different dose of IgY, initial inoculation concentrations of F. nucleatum, and culture time in the artificial saliva. The experiment was repeated three times under the optimal conditions to verify the accuracy of the model. Results: The optimum culture conditions were as follows: culture time was 6 h, dose of IgY was 181 mmol/L, and F. nucleatum initial inoculation concentration was 2×106 CFU/mL. Under these conditions, the final number of colonies was 4.52×104 CFU/mL, and relative error with the theoretical value was less than 5%. The variance analysis showed that the P value of the model was significant, the missing value was not significant, and the theoretical value was in good agreement with the measured value. Conclusion: The number of colonies of F. nucleatum in the simulated oral env-ironment was significantly decreased, which indicated that the regression model could be a good predictor of the response of F nucleatum in the oral cavity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Apical Overfilling and Sealing with 4 Different Obturation Techniques in Oval-root Canals In Vitro LI Jing-jing, CHEN Su-lei, LI Jun-liang, QIAN Ya-jie, GAO Ya-fan, YANG Wei-dong 2017, 33(10): 1036-1039.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.004 Abstract ( 335 )   PDF (1072KB) ( 532 )   Objective: To evaluate the apical overfilling and microleakage in oval-root canals, which were obturated with GuttaFlow, continuous wave of vertical condensation, cold lateral condensation, and iRoot SP. Methods: Eighty-eight exacted mandibular premolars with single oval-root canals were prepared with MTwo to the 35#04. Eighty teeth were randomly divided into four groups. Each group had 20 teeth, which was obturated with GuttaFlow, continuous wave of vertical condensation, cold lateral condensation, and iRoot SP respectively. Root canal overfilling in each tooth was recorded. Twelve teeth with good filling were chosen and detected the apical microleakage with transparent tooth staining. Results: The overfilling of the root canals obturated with GuttaFlow and iRoot SP group had higher overfilling rate. Microleakage results showed: GuttaFlow group < continuous warm gutta-percha group <cold lateral condensation group <iRoot SP single pointed group. The microleakage between GuttaFlow group and cold lateral condensation group had significant difference, as well as GuttaFlow group and iRoot SP single point group, warm gutta percha group and cold side group, warm gutta percha group and iRoot SP single point group. Conclusion: GuttaFlow group and continuous warm gutta-percha group have better apical sealing ability in oval-root canals, but GuttaFlow has higher overfilling rate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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17β-Estradiol Induces Odontoblastic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells through Activation of Runx2 JI Yang, KONG Tao, TANG Xue-peng, LI Shi-ting,JI Yang 2017, 33(10): 1040-1043.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.005 Abstract ( 273 )   PDF (1488KB) ( 240 )   Objective: To investigate the mechanism of odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs by regulation of 17β-estradiol (E2). Methods: hDPSCs cultured in vitro were stimulated with 1μM E2, and then DPSCs were measured by qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence to investigate the expressions of the odontogenic differentiation marker genes and related downstream regulators, and to clarify the mechanism that E2 regulated the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs.Results: E2 increased the expressions of DSPP and DMP1 mRNA and ALP activity, enhanced the staining intensity of DSPP, and promoted the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. During the E2-induced odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, E2 activated the Runx2 activity. RNA interference of Runx2 obviously inhibited the expressions of DSPP and DMP1 mRNA and the DSPP staining intensity. Conclusion: E2 promotes the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs partly through Runx2 activity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Nuclear Localization Sequence and C-Terminal Deletion of Parathyroid Hormone Relative Peptide on Mandible Development in Mice LIU HONG, YAN Cheng-dong , JIANG Shang-fei 2017, 33(10): 1044-1047.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.006 Abstract ( 220 )   PDF (2029KB) ( 224 )   Objective: To study the influence of nuclear localization sequence (NLS) and C-terminal deletion of parathyroid hormone relative peptide (PTHrP) on the mandible development in mice. Methods: Computed tomography (CT) scanning, hematein eosin (HE) staining, total collagen staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, immunohistochemical staining, and western-blot were used to compare the developmental difference of the first molar in mandible between PTHrP knock mice (PTHrP KI group, n=10) and wild type mice (WT group). Results: Osteoblast density, mandible relative bone mass, ALP positive area, and collagen-I positive area of WT group were markedly higher than PTHrP KI group (P<0.05). However, expressions of mandible p16, p21, and p27 proteins of PTHrP KI group were higher than that of the WT group, while Ki-67 protein was lower than that of the WT group, and the differences were statistical significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: NLS and C-terminal deletion of PTHrP induce the decrease of osteoblasts and inhibit the synthesis and mineralization of extracellular matrix, thus leading to the mandible development disorder in mice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Identification of Oral Microorganisms by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) CAI Ye, YANG Wei-dong 2017, 33(10): 1048-1051.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.007 Abstract ( 235 )   PDF (2006KB) ( 389 )   Objective: To identify oral microorganisms extracted from healthy young people by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Methods: FT-IR fingerprint data of 50 typical strains, which were extracted from oral cavity of 30 healthy people, were analyzed by a series of methods like averaging, the first derivative, and vector normalization. They were analyzed by the cluster methods and compared with the standard strains. Results: Isolated strains were easily to be compared with the standard strains in the characteristic spectrum area at 3000-2800, 1500-1400, and 1200-900cm-1. Conclusion: As a technique which was accurate, fast, convenient, and time-effect, FT-IR was a reliable method for preliminary evaluation of oral microorganisms. It has guiding significance in establishing an early warning system for diseases caused by oral microorganisms. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Study on Expression of IKKα-regulated Maspin in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells ANG Jin-hua, ZHANG Fang, LI Xia, CHEN Qing-yong 2017, 33(10): 1052-1055.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.008 Abstract ( 328 )   PDF (1183KB) ( 257 )   Objective: To observe the expressions of IKKα-regulated Maspin in NF-κB non-classical pathway in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs). Methods: HPDLCs were carried out using tissue culture method and identified by inverted microscope and SP immunohistochemistry. Cells were divided into blank control group (NC) and LPS1-4 groups (LPS: 0.1,1,10,50 mg/L). Protein and mRNA levels of Maspin and IKKα were measured by Western Blot and RT-PCR respectively, and the secretions of TNF-α and IL-1β were tested using Elisa assay. Results: Maspin in HPDLCs was expressed in cytoplasm. Western blot showed that with the increase of LPS concentration, the expression of Maspin protein was down regulated and IKKα protein was up-regulated compared with NC group (P<0.05). The expression of mRNA was similar to that of protein expression. Secretions of TNF-α and IL-1β were enhanced accompanied with increasing concentrations of LPS, and negatively correlated with Maspin. Conclusion: The expression of Maspin in HPDLCs was down-regulated by LPS and showed a negative correlation with TNF-α and IL-1β, and may be regulated by NF-κB non-classical pathway IKKα. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Sampling Method on Detection of Streptococcus Mutans YIN Zheng-rong, SUN Gui-jun, HU Hui-zhen, WU Tao, HE Xiang-yi 2017, 33(10): 1056-1059.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.009 Abstract ( 257 )   PDF (987KB) ( 275 )   Objective: To compare the detection rate of oral Streptococcus mutans in caries-active and healthy patients by concentrated rinse sampling, saliva collection, and cotton swab methods. Methods: The samples were collected from 120 patients with cotton swab, saliva collection, and concentrated rinse methods. Streptococcus mutans were cultured in Murashige & Skoog medium, and verified with microscope. The difference in various methods were analyzed by SPSS22.0.Results: The detection rates of three methods were 93.33%, 96.67%, and 91.67% in caries-active people, and 56.57%, 58.33%, and 48.33% in healthy people. Conclusion: There is no significant difference among three methods(P>0.05). Cotton swab sampling method is the representative method in clinical for its simple, reliable and convenient characteristics. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of siRNA Loaded Collagen/bioactive Glass Composites CHEN Yan-ling, CHEN Liang-jiao, LI Zheng-mao, LAN Ze-dong 2017, 33(10): 1060-1063.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.010 Abstract ( 233 )   PDF (1413KB) ( 229 )   Objective: To prepare siRNA loaded collagen/bioglass composites and to investigate the function of collagen/bioactive glass composites, inducing local osteogenesis as well as sustained resealing siRNA. Methods: The loaded siRNA collagen/bioglass composites were prepared by freeze-drying method. The scaffold material characterization, mechanical properties, and degradation rate were evaluated. Micro CT was used to observe the adhesion and growth of MC3T3-E1 in scaffolds. The q-PCR was conducted to detect the activity of siRNA released from the composites. Results: The siRNA loaded collagen/bioglass composites was sponge-like material. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the bioactive glass was evenly dispersed in the collagen material. Compressive strength was low and porosity was appropriate. After the first week, the degradation rate was 30.7%. Cells form pseudopods on the material, tightly adhered to the surface of the material. Compared to the control group, the expression of noggin in the experimental group decreased by 16% (P <0.05), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: The siRNA loaded collagen/bioglass composite material prepared by freeze-drying composites has good performance and biocompatibility. As the scaffold degraded, siRNA released from the composites, and siRNA noggin remained partly active. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Different Root Canal Sealers on Apical Microleakage In Vitro GE Qiao-cheng, YIN Yan-jiao, DING Xin-xin, WU Pei-ling 2017, 33(10): 1064-1067.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.011 Abstract ( 400 )   PDF (1502KB) ( 347 )   Objective: To evaluate the apical microleakage with three root canal sealers after root canal filling, and to provide experimental evidence for selecting the appropriate root canal sealers to reduce microleakage in clinic work. Methods: Forty straight single root canal teeth were prepared by crown-down technique, and then divided randomly into four experimental groups (10 teeth in each group). Group A was filled with iRoot SP. Group B was filled with AH-plus. Group C was filled with Roekoseal. Group D was the control group. All teeth were immersed in India ink, demineralized, and dehydrated. The apical microleakages were observed with microscope, and the length of stained apical was recorded. Meanwhile, ultrastrucatral evaluation between filling materials and dentin was observed with scanning electron microscope. Results: There were significant difference in the leaked lengths among four groups (P<0.05). The length of group A was less than those of B, C and D group. There was statistically significant difference among B, C, and D group for apical leakage (P<0.05). The length of group B was longer than that of group C, but there was not significant difference in the leaked lengths between two groups. Scanning electron microscope revealed that group A (iRoot SP) had the best bonding between the sealer and dentin among four groups. Conclusion: iRoot SP can effectively reduce the microleakage in our study, and it has value in clinical application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Imaging Features of Osteoradionecrosis of Jaws ZHAO Yi, ZOU Hai-xiao, WU Li-fen, WANG Shi-ping, LIU Bing 2017, 33(10): 1068-1070.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.012 Abstract ( 356 )   PDF (1306KB) ( 912 )   Objective: To evaluate the imaging features of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws secondary to treatment of head and neck malignancy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical and imaging data of 68 patients with osteoradionecrosis of the jaws, including the type and site of primary tumors, the interval between the completion of radiotherapy and onset of osteoradionecrosis, imaging findings of the involved mandible or maxilla, postoperative pathological diagnosis. Results: Primary tumors were mostly nasopharyngeal carcinoma and oral cancer. The majority of osteoradionecrosis was involved in the body or body-ramus of the mandible (63 cases, 91.18%). Forty-nine cases (72.06%) of osteoradionecrosis were diagnosed within 5 years after radiotherapy. Loss or disorganization of trabecula and interruption of the cortical margin were observed in nearly all cases (89.7% and 77.94%, respectively), followed by sequestrum (42.65%) and bony sclerosis (33.82%), and soft tissue or muscle thickening adjacent to the affected bone in 6 cases. Conclusion: CT findings provide more reliable diagnostic tools for osteoradionecrosis of the jaws, and are able to determine the extent of involved bone and helpful to differentiate from tumor recurrence. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation and Countermeasures of Health Self-Management Ability of the Oral Medical Students FENG Xue-feng, CHENG Jian-feng, ZHAO He, ZHAO Xin-hao, LIN Zhao-hong 2017, 33(10): 1071-1073.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.013 Abstract ( 267 )   PDF (788KB) ( 246 )   Objective: To investigate the status of health self-management ability of oral medical students and to give the countermeasures according to the results. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 230 oral medical students from a medical university in Liaoning province. The questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS 17. Results: The total score of oral medical students' health and self management ability was (3.93±0.45) points, including health self-management behavior dimension (3.35±0.66 points), health self-management environmental dimension (3.90±0.62 points, and health self-management cognitive dimension (4.51±0.47 points). Correlation analysis of oral medical student's health self-management ability showed that there were significant differences in family support, whether for the only-child, place of residence, family monthly income, and parents' educational background (P<0.05). Conclusion: Oral medical students' health self management presents the state of "high cognitive and low behavior". The ability of oral medical students' health self management is correlated with family support, whether for the only-child, place of residence, family monthly income, and parents' educational background. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research about Effects of Using New Media for Oral Health Guidance to Chongqing Citizens on Periodontal Health Habits CUI Yue,YI Da-li,ZHOU Liang,LIU Hong-hong,LI Lan-xin,DENG Li-jun,KOU Ting-ting,CAI Jiang-wen,ZHOU Ji-xiang 2017, 33(10): 1074-1077.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.014 Abstract ( 173 )   PDF (832KB) ( 252 )   Objective: To analyze the effects on changing periodontal health habits of "Oral Health, Happy Family" second-phase project, which uses new media to provide periodontal health guidance for residents of Shangpingba District of Chongqing. Methods: Using stratified overall sampling method, 200 target families were chosen to fill in the designed questionnaire during the time period from December, 2014 to December, 2016. By using new media platforms and offering professional counseling, periodontal health knowledge was popularized to 200 families. Then their awareness of periodontal health knowledge and behavioral habits of protecting periodontal health before and after the oral health guidance were fully analyzed. Results: Awareness of periodontal health knowledge: periodontal health knowledge awareness was significantly improved across all ages after the counseling intervention. Periodontal health behavioral habits: the times of brushing teeth significantly increased among residents aged 12-35 and 36-60; the habits of brushing teeth before going to bed was improved among all surveyed residents. Conclusion: Using new media to provide guidance and counseling is an important and effective approach to improve the periodontal health knowledge awareness and promote periodontal health behavioral habits of residents of Shangpingba District. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of Temporomandibular Disorders in Drug Addicts SUN Dong-liang, YE Tao, MIAO Hui, YU Shi-bin 2017, 33(10): 1078-1081.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.015 Abstract ( 265 )   PDF (811KB) ( 169 )   Objective: To investigate the characteristics of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and analyze the potential risk factors for TMD in drug addicts. Methods: TMD related questionnaire survey and professional examination were conducted among 199 drug addicts in a compulsory detoxification center in one Chinese city. Results: 1)Joint noise, maxillofacial pain, and mandibular movement disorders were involved in 57.79% of the drug addicts during the past 3 months, and incidence of maxillofacial pain reached up to 42.72%; 2) 40.70% of the drug users had positive signs of TMD, with joint noise in 28.14%, mandibular movement disorders in 13.57%, and maxillofacial tenderness / pain during movement in 10.55%; 3) There was no close relationship between the duration of drug abuse and TMD symptoms and/or signs, but the incidence of TMD symptoms and maxillofacial pain was significantly higher in drug addicts with tension/anxiety and teeth clenching (P<0.05). Conclusion: As a multifactorial disease, there is no direct relation between TMD and drug abuse, but drug abuse related anxiety and clenching may be the risk factors of TMD. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expressions of IL-17, IL-1β, and IL-6 in Osteomyelitis of Jaw WANG Jun-ying, SA Guo-liang, LIU Zhi-kang, HE San-gang 2017, 33(10): 1082-1085.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.016 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (1867KB) ( 464 )   Objective: To investigate the expression of IL-17, IL-6, and IL-1β in osteomyelitis of different etiology in patients with pyogenic and radioactive osteomyelitis of mandible. Methods: Lesion bone was obtained from patients who were diagnosed as suppurative or radioactive osteomyelitis of mandible. Hematoxylin eosin staining was used to observe the structure of local bone, and the expression levels of IL-17, IL-6, and IL-1β in local tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: IL-17 and IL-6 was significantly increased in pyogenic osteomyelitis. However, the expression of IL-17 and IL-6 was insignificant different between radiation osteomyelitis and normal bone. The expression levels of IL-1β in the local of pyogenic and radioactive osteomyelitis were both increased compared to the normal bone tissues. Conclusion: IL-17 and IL-6 may play a more important role in imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption in the suppurative osteomyelitis, whereas, it has marginal effect on the radioactive osteomyelitis. IL-1β may involve in the occurrence of osteomyelitis of jaws. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Crown and Inlay Restorations on Periodontal Tissues WANG Ao-chen, LI Qiu-hong, BAI Jing, LI Bei-bei 2017, 33(10): 1086-1090.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.017 Abstract ( 337 )   PDF (1345KB) ( 361 )   Objective: To study the morphological changes of molar and premolar teeth with root canal treatment as well as its effect on periodontal tissues. Methods: Thirty cases with healthy periodontal tissues and thirty cases with chronic periodontitis were selected. After root canal treatment, 15 cases were randomly selected for inlay or crown restoration. Extra oral scanner was used to scan the plaster models and Geomagic Qualify12.0 was employed to perform the best fitting alignment and 3D comparison of the data before and after the restoration. Elastase and prostaglandin E2 in gingival crevicular fluid before and after treatment were analyzed by ELASA. Results: The morphological changes of the teeth with crown restoration in the proximal-occlusal surface , the proximal-gingival end in the buccal sides as well as the proximal-gingival end 1/2 in the lingual side were greater than that of inlay restoration. For the teeth of chronic periodontitis which received initial periodontal treatment, the levels of prostaglandin E2 and elastase in the gingival crevicular fluids were all significantly reduced and they were statistically significant after one year's restoration. Conclusion: The quantities in morphological changes for the original shape of the teeth in the buccal-lingual side due to crown restoration are greater than that of inlay restoration, but there is no significant effect on the periodontal tissues. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation on Vermilion Color of Uygur Youth Aged 15-20 Years in Xinjiang Area of Kashi SHI Min, ZHAO Chun-ping, ZHANG Jia-yu, HE Hui-yu, XIAO Feng, ZHANG Xu, GE Shu-peng 2017, 33(10): 1091-1094.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.018 Abstract ( 293 )   PDF (811KB) ( 198 )   Objective: To measure the color value of vermilion and to establish the database of Uygur youth’s vermilion color in Kashi area. Methods: Vermilion of 15-20 years’ old Uygur youth were included. Color analysis system of digital camera and computer were used to measure the color of vermilion. Results: The specific chroma range for Uygur youth was obtained. Conclusion: There were significant differences in the color of vermilion between genders and parts, and the color of upper vermilion differed significantly from that of lower vermilion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cephalometric Differences of Adolescents with Skeletal Class I Malocclusion between Uygurs and Hans in Xinjiang GUO Jing, ZHOU Mei, LIU Zhao-yong 2017, 33(10): 1095-1098.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.019 Abstract ( 190 )   PDF (1307KB) ( 231 )   Objective:To investigate the upper airway shape and hyoid position in the early permanent dentition in Uygurs and Hans. Methods: Cephalometry was carried on patients with early permanent dentition. The jaw, hyoid bone, and upper airway were traced and measured for statistical data processing. Results: In the upper airway measurements, no difference was found between Uygur and Han. With regard to vertical direction of hyoid position, no difference was found. However, in the horizontal direction, H-CVP in Han was significantly larger than that in Uygur. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the upper airway shape between the Uygur and Han patients with early skeletal class I malocclusion, however, the difference in the horizontal direction of hyoid was significant. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Bleeding Risk in Maxillary Sinus Lateral Wall Fenestration Based on Cone Beam CT LI Hao-ji, LIU Min 2017, 33(10): 1099-1102.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.020 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF (1086KB) ( 253 )   Objective: To observe the location and diameter of vessel through the lateral wall of maxillary sinus and assess the risk of bleeding during sinus elevation by cone-beam computed tomography. Methods: CBCT images of maxilla in 104 patients(208 maxillary sinus)with maxillary posterior teeth loss from 2016 to 2017 were selected and studied. The distance on lateral wall of maxillary sinus from the lower border of the vessel running through lateral wall to the bottom of the sinus was measured and its relationship to the operating window was estimated the risk of bleeding. Results: The average distance from the blood vessel to the sinus floor was 8.26±3.43mm. 26.4% of blood vessels were located within the area of operating window, posing potential risk of injury, and 2.2% of blood vessels whose diameter were greater than 2mm might cause serious bleeding. Conclusion: The probability of bleeding caused by injury of blood vessel is low in maxillary sinus lateral wall fenestration. The lateral wall distance within 7mm between upper edge of window and the bottom of the maxillary sinus is relatively safe. Preoperative application of CBCT can guide the fenestration and thus reduce the risk of vascular injury. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Operation Process on Heart Rate during Extraction of Mandibular Third Molar HONG Xiao-wei, WANG Zhi-yong 2017, 33(10): 1103-1105.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.021 Abstract ( 247 )   PDF (931KB) ( 297 )   Objective: To assess the intensity of anxiety during extraction of mandibular third molar with different operation process by monitoring patients’ heart rate changes. Methods: The study included 60 patients who were extracted the mandibular third molar under local anesthesia. The heart rate was monitored continuously during treatment to measure the anxiety. Different operation processes, including narcotic injection, flap surgery, turbine using, hammer using, dental elevator using, dental forceps using, and suturing operation. Results: Significant increase of heart rate was observed during operation process of narcotic injection, hammer using, dental elevator using, and dental forceps using. It is more significant when the operation time of hammer using and dental elevator using was prolonged. Conclusion: Patients have higher levels of anxiety during the operation process of narcotic injection, hammer using, dental elevator using, and dental forceps using, which is positively correlated with the operating time. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and Evaluation of Localized Management of Administration in Dental Clinical Practice CHEN Qi, REN Ting, WANG Mei, WANG Ya-ke 2017, 33(10): 1106-1109.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.022 Abstract ( 191 )   PDF (1264KB) ( 196 )   Objective: To evaluate the influence of localized management on the administration in dental clinical practice. Methods: The administration team of localized management was established, and the managing scope and responsibility were set up for each post and station. The rules of items placement and operating sequence were renewed. The evaluation criterion was made and the satisfaction survey on the effect of localized management in dental administration was conducted. Results: Localized management of dental administration could increase the patients' satisfaction and trust on dentist and. Meanwhile, the localized management decreased the wear of equipment and the cost ratio in the whole prosthodontic department. Conclusion: The application of localized management of dental administration improved the quality of dental service and insured the safety. The cost of the whole department was controled. The localized management of dental administration could be a novel mode which met the requirements for both clinician and patient. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Upper Jaw or Double Jaw Premolar Extraction of Class II Division I Malocclusion Patients on Mandibular Third Molar Eruption with Cone Beam CT Images JI Jun, WANG Tian-cong, ZHANG Bo, LUO Jia-di, LIU Shu, HU Qin-gang 2017, 33(10): 1110-1113.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.023 Abstract ( 230 )   PDF (1389KB) ( 267 )   Objective: To compare the effect of upper jaw or double jaw orthodontic extraction of Class II division I malocclusion patients on mandibular third molar (M3) eruption. Methods: Sixty-five patients with Class II division I malocclusion were chosen for orthodontic treatment, within upper jaw premolars extraction in 32 cases and double jaw premolars extraction in 33 cases. The Cone beam CT images were taken before and after treatment, 3D images were then created using Software NNT viewer. Measurements included the angle between the M3 axis and the mandibular occlusal plan (LM3), the mandibular second molar (M2) distal space, as well as the width between M2s and M3s. The data before and after treatment were analyzed by paired t test. Results: In upper jaw extraction group, left LM3 increased (P<0.01); while in double jaw extraction group, right LM3 reduced (P<0.01), the M2 distal space added (P<0.001), and the width of M3s decreased (P<0.001). Conclusion: Upper jaw extractions might increase the rate of M3 impaction; in contrast, double jaw extractions might enhance the rate of M3 normal eruption. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Therapeutic Effects of Different Fixations after Maxillary Anterior Tooth Injuries FU Lu, CAO Ya-bo, GU Zi-ya, LIN Xin-ping 2017, 33(10): 1114-1117.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.024 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (1021KB) ( 501 )   Objective: To compare the clinical effects of orthodontic button ligation fixation (A), dental arch splint method (B), straight wire bow fixed orthodontic fragments (C), and multistrand stainless wire resin bonding fixation (D) in injuries of loose anterior tooth fixation. Methods: One hundred and thirty-seven eligible subjects aged from 4 to 14 years were randomly treated by (A) Orthodontic button and 0.25mm metal wire, (B) Metal splint with hook and 0.4mm metal wire, (C) Straight-wire bracket and circular arch wire, and (D) The 0.2mm ligature wire was folded three times and resin bonding method. The healing conditions of traumatized teeth, gingival index, operating time, shedding rate, and comfortable index were measured. All data were statistically analyzed. Results: The effectively fixed patients number of group A and D were significantly higher than those of group B and C (P＜0.05). The gingival index of group A and C were significantly lower than those of group B and D (P＜0.05). The treatment time of group A and B were significantly lower than those of group C and D (P＜0.05). The shedding rate of group A and C were significantly lower than those of group D (P＜0.05). The comfortable index of group A were significantly better than those of group B, C, and D (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Orthodontic button ligation fixation is more effective and comfortable for the treatment of traumatized loosen teeth. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional Alterations of Pharyngeal Airway in Skeletal Class Ⅱ Adolescents Undergoing Nonextraction Treatment YANG Cai-xia, LI Cheng 2017, 33(10): 1118-1122.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.025 Abstract ( 280 )   PDF (1236KB) ( 273 )   Objective: To analyze alterations of upper-airway morphology after nonextraction treatment of skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion adolescent patients. Methods: Fifteen adolescent cases of skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion receiving nonextraction treatment were selected, who were taken cephalometric radiograph and cone beam computed tomograph before and after orthodontic treatment. Then, Dolphin 11.5 was used to take 3D measurements. The alternations of upper-airway and cephalometric values were analyzed. Results: After the nonextraction treatments, the changes of other measure projects of cranio-maxillofacial were not significant different, except labial inclination of lower incisors (P<0.05). The width of upper-airway sagittal osseous nasopharynx increased (P<0.05), and the change values of total cross area of upper-airway, smallest cross area of oropharynx, and cross area of nasopharynx, palatopharynx and glossopharyngeal were not significant. The volumes of upper-airway, palatal pharyngeal and the glossopharyngeal significantly increased (P<0.05). Before and after treatment, the overlaps of Cone beam CT indicated that after the nonextraction treatments, the patients' chin had grown forward, while the whole upper-airway had grown backward. Conclusion: For the nonextraction treated adolescent skeletal class Ⅱ patients, craniofacial patterns keep the pre-treatment growth modality, significant forward growths of chins arise, and the patients' faces improve significantly. The therapy would enlarge the upper-airway, improve respiratory function to a certain extent, and the upper-airway grows entirely backward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on the Role of Macrophage during Biomaterials Induced Bone Information LI Ming-Zheng, XIAO Yu, WU Zhen-zhen, BAO Chong-Yun 2017, 33(10): 1123-1126.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.026 Abstract ( 392 )   PDF (1931KB) ( 999 )   Objective: To review the research progress on the role of macrophage during osteoinduction. Methods: The literatures concerning this aspect were extensively reviewed and analyzed. Result: On one hand, macrophage has a key impact on bone formation. On the other hand, the surface topography and particle size of biomaterials can affect the function of macrophage in promoting bone formation. Conclusion: Understanding the role and mechanism of macrophage during osteoinction is important to accurate evaluate the osteoinduction of biomaterials. What's more, it is important to improve the property of biomaterials. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on Correlation Between Long Non-coding RNAs and Cell Differentiation WU Wen-zhen, WANG Kai-juan, WANG Jia-wei 2017, 33(10): 1127-1130.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.10.027 Abstract ( 324 )   PDF (838KB) ( 222 )   With the rapid development of genetics and bioinformatics technology, the long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) which once was considered as the transcription "noise", is now attracted more and more attention. It has been confirmed that LncRNA plays an important regulation role in almost all kinds of life activities, especially in the process of regulating gene expression by signaling molecules, decoy molecules, lead molecules, and scaffold molecular, etc, which has been one of the most hottest issues in life science. It is also known that LncRNAs performs their biological functions at different levels, including cell differentiation. This paper is to discuss the correlation between LncRNAs and cell differentiation, which includes LncRNAs with pluripotent stem cells who maintain their pluripotency and differentiation, LncRNAs with nerve cell differentiation, LncRNAs with muscles differentiation, and LncRNAs with osteoblast differentiation. References | Related Articles | Metrics