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Journal of Oral Science Research

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    28 December 2018, Volume 34 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Implementation of Functional Genome in the Functional Study of Non-coding Variants Associated with Non-syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate.
    LIU Huan
    2018, 34(12): 1265-1270.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.001
    Abstract ( 308 )   PDF (1613KB) ( 305 )  
    Orofacial clefting is the most common craniofacial birth defect and has a strong genetic underpinning.Genome-wide association studies have detected common variants associated with this disorder, most of which lie in the non-coding DNA segments.However, due to poor understanding on the connection between the sequence and function of non-coding DNA during human craniofacial development, how these associated variants increase the risk of orofacial clefting remain largely unknown, which is a major challenge to the translation of genetic results into clinical practice.This article aims to give a systematic introduction to craniofacial functional genome results and their integration with machine learning in order to propose an improved research system for orofacial-clefting-associated non-coding variants.
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    Correlation of Signal Pathway in Periodontitis and Atherosclerosis.
    HUANG Lin-yan, LAI Ren-fa, HUANG Yi
    2018, 34(12): 1271-1273.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.002
    Abstract ( 371 )   PDF (800KB) ( 200 )  
    The incidence of chronic periodontitis (CP) is over 70% in the over 65 years old people in China.And the prevalence of atherosclerosis (AS) is increasing with the change of dietary structure.A large number of studies reported that there are common risk factors between CP and AS.CP, a chronic multi-factor inflammatory disease caused by microorganisms, is closely related to AS which is based on chronic infection and is a key basic pathological of cardiovascular disease.Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) is a main periodontal pathogen to CP.From gingival epithelium, P.g.enters the bloodstream, which causes the endothelial dysfunction, releases the inflammatory cytokines, turns macrophages phagocytose lipids into foam cells, and causes the formation of atheroslerotic plaque.This article discussed the association between CP and AS.
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    Current Situation in Orthodontic Treatment of Skeletal Class Ⅲ Malocclusion Using Miniscrew Anchorage
    GAO Jie, GE Zhen-lin
    2018, 34(12): 1274-1276.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.003
    Abstract ( 278 )   PDF (922KB) ( 218 )  
    It is a difficult problem to treat the skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion.In recent years, the widely application of miniscrew anchorage provides a new idea for camouflage treatment of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion.In this review article, the current situation in orthodontic treatment of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion using miniscrew anchorage is discussed, in order to provide reference for clinical treatment.
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    Research Progress of Nano Targeted Drug Delivery System in Treatment and Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
    YAO Meng-huan, WANG Tie-mei, LIN Zi-tong
    2018, 34(12): 1277-1280.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.004
    Abstract ( 315 )   PDF (814KB) ( 314 )  
    Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region.The surgical treatment is the routine treatment strategy.Nevertheless, there exist several risks and the reduced life quality after treatment.The conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy will impair normal tissue in high concentration.Nano targeted drug delivery system is a new treatment technology with aim to treat malignant tumors accurately and improve therapeutic effect.This technology has made great progress in other parts of human body, but not enough in the area of oral squamous cell carcinoma.As treatment technology is developing rapidly, how to improve the efficiency and safety about and monitor the result of nano targeted drug delivery have become a new challenge, whichcontributes to the evaluating of instant therapeutic effect.In this paper, the progress of nano targeted drug delivery system in diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma in recent years were reviewed.
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    Research on fimA Genotyping and Related Diseases of Porphyromonas Gingivalis.
    DU Liu-yi, LV Hui-xin, WANG Yao, ZHOU Yan-min
    2018, 34(12): 1281-1283.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.005
    Abstract ( 307 )   PDF (808KB) ( 315 )  
    Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) is involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases including periodontal tissue infections, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and etc.Fimbriae is an important virulence factor of P.gingivalis and can assist it to adhere and invade host cells.P.gingivalis strains are classified into six types based on divergent nucleotide sequences of the fimA gene (types Ⅰ, Ⅰb, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ).The pathogenicity of P.gingivalis strains with different fimA genotypes was different.This review focuses on the recent progress in the study of different fimA genotypes and related diseases of P.gingivalis fimbriae.
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    Study on Dynamic Equilibrium of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg in Oral Buccal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model of Syrian Hamster Induced by DMBA
    TIAN Yuan-ye, LI Hong-yuan, LI Jun-ping, TANG Zhan-gui
    2018, 34(12): 1284-1288.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.006
    Abstract ( 230 )   PDF (2193KB) ( 234 )  
    Objective: To find out the changes of Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, Th1/Th2, and Th17/Treg in golden hamsters induced precancerous lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)by the action of carcinogenic agent 7,12- dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA).To explore the relationship with oral cancer by analyzing the above cells and the ratio of dynamic changes between different groups.Methods: 1) Modeling: using 1 mL 0.5% DMBA to smear the Syrian golden hamster cheek pouch mucosa three times a week to induce precancerous lesions and OSCC models.2) Take blank control group (n=10), negative control group (n=5), precancerous lesion group (n=10), OSCC group (n=18) spleen and grind into single cell suspension and use flow cytometry test.Results: 1) Compared with the control group, there was statistical significance (P<0.05) concerning the number of Th1 cells decreased, the number of Th2 cells increased, the number of Th2 cells decreased, the number of Th17 cells decreased, the number of Treg cells increased, the ratio of Th1/Th2 ratio decreased and the ratio of Th17/Treg ratio was decreased in the oral cancer group (P<0.05).2) Compared with the control group, there was statistical significance (P<0.05) concerning the number of Th1 cells decreased, the number of Th17 cells decreased, the number of Treg cells increased, the ratio of Th1/Th2 ratio decreased, and the ratio of Th17/Treg ratio decreased in precancerous lesions.However, the increase in the number of Th2 cells was not statistically significant (P>0.05).3) Compared with precancerous lesions, there was statistical significance (P<0.05) concerning the ratio of Th17/Treg ratio increased in the oral cancer group; while the number of Th1 cells increased, the number of Th2 cells increas- ed, the number of Th17 cells increased, and the number of Treg cells increased and the decrease of Th1/Th2 ratio were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion: 1) The shift of Th1/Th2 balance to Th2 maybe involve in the occurrence and development of normal mucosal carcinogenesis.2) The shift of Th17/Treg balance to Treg maybe involve in the occurrence of normal mucosal canceration.
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    Clinical Characteristics of Ameloblastic Carcinoma of the Jaw: 10 Cases Report
    ZOU Hai-xiao, WU Li-fen, LI Chen, ZHAO Yi-fang, SUN Yan-fang
    2018, 34(12): 1289-1292.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.007
    Abstract ( 311 )   PDF (1203KB) ( 364 )  
    Objective: To report the clinical characteristics and prognosis of 10 cases of ameloblastic carcinoma.Methods: The clinical data of 10 cases of ameloblastic carcinoma of the jaw were retrospectively analyzed.Results: There were 7 male and 3 female patients included in this study, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.3:1.Their ages ranged from 17 to 85 years (median, 52 years).Two cases occurred de novo, whereas 8 patients presented with carcinoma ex-ameloblastoma.Three patient had surgery treatment history.The posterior mandible was involved in 6 cases.Most patients attended to our department with chief complain of swelling and pain.Surgery was scheduled for all patients.There were 4 patients received cervical neck dissection at the same time.No cervical lymph node metastasis was found postoperation.Four cases received bone grafting in the same period.During the follow-up period of 1.5-4 years, 2 patients were lost, recurrence occurred in 4 patients, of which 2 patients had conservative operation history.Conclusion: Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor, and the clinical manifestations are often atypical.It is important to improve the understanding of the disease for choosing considerable treatment.
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    Experimental Study on Thapsigargin Induced Apoptosis in Tongue Cancer Cell Line Cal-27.
    DAI Qiao-qun, CHEN Wen-ying, SHI Fang-ping, CHEN Yu-lu
    2018, 34(12): 1293-1296.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.008
    Abstract ( 229 )   PDF (1468KB) ( 158 )  
    Objective: To study the effects of thapsigargin on the viability and apoptosis of CAL-27 cells.Methods: CAL-27 cells were treated with different concentrations of thapsigargin and detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT).After double staining with Annexin V-FITC/PI, the proportion of apoptotic cells was detected by flow cytometry.Western blotting was used to detect the activation of Caspase-3 and other apoptosis-related proteins.Results: Different concentrations of thapsigargin could inhibit the growth of CAL-27 cells in a dose-and dependent manner.The IC50 was 15.09 μmol/L.DAPI staining showed that the nucleus becomes smaller and the chromatin shrinks with increasing doses of thapsigargin.Flow cytometry results showed that the apoptotic cells at late phase were increased.When detecting the apoptosis related proteins, the activation of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 was shown after treatment with thapsigargin.Conclusion: Thapsigargin can significantly inhibit the proliferation of CAL-27 cells and induce the apoptosis of CAL-27 cells.The mechanism of action is related to the activation of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9.
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    Expression and Significance of CD147, MMP-9, and VEGF in Salivary Gland Tumors
    LI Kuang-zheng,JIANG Yi-xia,FAN Xiao-sheng, REN Qian, CAO Fang-yun
    2018, 34(12): 1297-1301.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.009
    Abstract ( 217 )   PDF (1519KB) ( 165 )  
    Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of CD147, MMP-9, and VEGF in salivary gland tumor tissues.Methods: From February 2010 to November 2017, 120 paraffin samples were collected for examination after salivary gland surgery, including 80 cases of salivary gland malignant tumor, 20 cases of salivary gland benign tumor, and 20 cases of normal salivary gland tissue.The normal salivary gland tissue was used as a control group.The expression of CD147, MMP-9 and VEGF were detected by SP immunohistochemical method.Results: Protein positive expression rates for CD147, MMP-9, and VEGF: salivary gland malignant tumor tissue > salivary gland benign tumor > normal salivary gland tissue (P＜0.05).The expressions of CD147, MMP-9, and VEGF were related to metastasis of cancer cells, nerve infiltration, and cervical lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05), but not related to patient's age, pathological type, and original site (P>0.05).The expression of CD147, MMP-9, and VEGF in malignant tumor of salivary gland showed significant correlation (P＜0.001).Conclusion: The synergistic of CD147, MMP-9, and VEGF may play an important role in the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of salivary gland tumors.
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    Study on Inhibitory Effect of Ginsenoside Rh2 on Cariogenic Bacteria Biofilms
    Cao Xi-xi, Ye Qian-lin, Zhou Li-bo, Fan Ming-wen, Liu Chang
    2018, 34(12): 1302-1306.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.010
    Abstract ( 338 )   PDF (2049KB) ( 213 )  
    Objective: To explore the effect of ginsenoside Rh2 on cariogenic biofilm in vivo and in vitro.Methods: Crystal violet staining and laser scanning confocal microscopy were used to observe the effect of Rh2 on biofilm in vitro.A dental caries rat model was established.Microtomographic examination of the jaw bone and Keyes caries score were used to evaluate the protective effect of Rh2 on dental caries.Results: In vitro experiments showed that Rh2 significantly inhibited the growth of cariogenic bacteria on the biofilm and reduced the extracellular matrix.In animal experiments, the volume and density of pit area in the molars of group Rh2 rats were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).The caries scores of the molar in group Rh2 rats were lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Rh2 can inhibit cariogenic biofilm formation in vitro and protect rats from dental caries.
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    Study on Caries and Microbial Community Structure by 16S rRNA High-throughput Sequencing in Uighur Children of Southern Xinjiang.
    WU Nan, DAI Hai-tao, XU Jiang
    2018, 34(12): 1307-1311.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.011
    Abstract ( 281 )   PDF (1720KB) ( 202 )  
    Objective: To study the condition of dental caries in Uighur children in southern Xinjiang and analyze the reasons of high incidence of caries in microbiology.Methods: Caries and filling rate of 296 Uygur children aged 3-5 in 5 company kindergartens in southen xinjiang were randomly selected.The microbiological community structure and diversity of oral cavity in children were analyzed by illumina misequencing platform.Results: Tooth decay rate was 83.4%, average caries was 3.07±3.22, and supplementary filling rate was 2.07%.The tooth decay rate and average caries of 5 year old group were higher than those of 3 year old group.There was no significant difference between the rate of caries and the average of caries in children with different gender.The dental plaque of two groups was various.There were 98 outs, belongs to12 phylum, 18 classes, 25 orders, 34 families, and 60 genus.Streptococcaceae, porphyromonadaceae, fusobacteria, veillonellaceae, and peptostreptococcaceae were richer in high caries.Conclusion: The incidence of dental caries in Uygur children in southern Xinjiang is higher than the domestic average, and it is necessary to strengthen the input of oral resources in southern Xinjiang.There are some differences in the structure of oral microorganism community between caries and non-caries.The effects of streptococcaceae, porphyromonadaceae, fusobacteria, veillonellaceae, and peptostreptococcaceae on caries development need to be further studied.
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    Impact of Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia on Oral Health Related Quality of Life of Children with Disabilities.
    ZHONG Jie, CHEN Xiao-xian, ZHANG Hong-mei, JIANG Xia, HUANG Qian
    2018, 34(12): 1312-1315.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.012
    Abstract ( 215 )   PDF (802KB) ( 153 )  
    Objective: To observe and analyze the effects of dental treatment under general anesthesia on oral related quality of life in children with disabilities.Methods: Forty-eight cases of disabled children under general anesthesia were collected, and the Child Oral Health Impact Profile -14 (COHIP-14) and Family Impact Scale-12 (FIS-12) were completed before the general anesthesia, 1 month after the operation, and 6 months after the operation by the caregivers.Data analysis was carried out by the analysis software SAS 9.4.Results: The COHIP-14 mean scores was (35.7±7.3) before operation, (47.8±4.6) after 1 month, and (48.3±3.9) after 6 months (P<0.001).FIS-12 mean scores was (19.3±5.6) before operation, (10.5±2.9) after 1 month, and (9.4±2.4) after 6 months (P<0.001).Conclusion: Dental treatment under general anesthesia can significantly improve oral quality of life in children with disabilities and their families.
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    Canal Transportation and Efficiency of Two Kinds of Files to Prepare the MB2 of Maxillary Molar.
    LI Jun-liang, YANG Wei-dong, WEN Shan-hui, LI Jing-jing, CHEN Su-lei, ZHOU Nan
    2018, 34(12): 1316-1319.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.013
    Abstract ( 276 )   PDF (1096KB) ( 170 )  
    Objective: To compare the canal transportation and preparation efficiency of ProGlider and PathFile to prepare the MB2 of maxillary molar.Methods: 63 teeth with MB2 were obtained from 120 extracted maxillary molars in vitro using CBCT scanning.The MB2 was examined after opening the pulp chamber, and 42 teeth with MB2 were obtained.They were randomly divided into two groups.The root canals were prepared with ProGlider and PathFile, respectively.The preparation time was recorded.CBCT scanning was performed before and after preparation to evaluate the root canal transportation and centering ratio at 3, 5, and 7 mm from the apex and the most curved point.Results: The preparation time of ProGlider was significantly shorter than PathFile.There was no significant difference in mean transportation value between two groups at 3 mm and 7 mm levels.But ProGlider showed a significantly lower mean transportation value than PathFile at 5 mm levels and the most curved point.There was no significant difference in the centering ability between two groups at 3 mm, 5mm and 7 mm levels.But ProGlider showed a significantly better centering ability than PathFile at the most curved point.Conclusion: Both ProGlider and PathFile could prepare MB2 of maxillary molar efficiently and show good centering ability.The shaping ability of ProGlider was better than PathFile at the most curved point.
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    Effect of Nd:YAG Laser-activated Root Canal Irrigation on Fiber Post Bonding.
    LU Guan-fan,FENG Kun,SU Zheng,JI Hai
    2018, 34(12): 1320-1323.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.014
    Abstract ( 233 )   PDF (1323KB) ( 170 )  
    Objective: To study the effect of Nd:YAG laser-activated root canal irrigation on fiber post bonding.Method: Twenty single-rooted teeth were collected and divided into two groups according to the final irrigant activation protocols after root canal preparation: conventional syringe irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl and Nd:YAG laser irrigation with 2.5%NaOCl.After root canal obturation and fiber post bonding, the specimens were sectioned and subjected to push-out test.The fractured mode was observed.Results: The bonding strength of Nd:YAG laser-activated irrigation group was higher than that of control group.Analysis indicated that the predominant failure mode was the mixed type.Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser-activated irrigation can improve the bonding strength of fiber posts.
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    Mineralization of A Novel Immortalized Cementocyte Cell Line: A Pilot Study.
    WANG Xin, ZHANG Cheng, LI Tian-cheng, TAO Gui-yu, DUAN Pei-pei, ZOU Shu-juan
    2018, 34(12): 1324-1328.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.015
    Abstract ( 247 )   PDF (1690KB) ( 167 )  
    Objective: To investigate the mineralization of a novel murine immortalized cementocyte-like cell line IDG-CM6.Methods: In vivo, three-month-old C57BL/6 male mice were sacrificed to collect the cellular cementum and alveolar bone around the mesial root of the first mandibular molar for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy.In vitro, IDG-CM6 cells were cultured for 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days to compare with osteoblast/osteocyte cell line IDG-SW3.Alizarin red staining, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the cells.Results: Both two cells mineralized during the cell culture.However, the alizarin red staining showed significant calcium deposition in IDG-CM6 cells compared with IDG-SW3 cells at the same time course.SEM showed that there was no obvious difference in Ca/P ratio between two kinds of cells, consistent with that of the cellular cementum and alveolar bone.Raman analysis indicated that the PO43-/CH2 of IDG-CM6 cells was significantly lower than that of IDG-SW3 cells, consistent with the markedly lower PO43-/CH2 (1.76) of cellular cementum than that of alveolar bone (4.76).Conclusion: IDG-CM6 cells might be an ideal model to study the mineralization and biological characteristics of cementum.
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    Effects of AhR Overexpression on the Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide- caused Inflammatory Response of Macrophages under High Glucose Conditions.
    ZHONG Xing-hua, LI Hao, LI Wei
    2018, 34(12): 1329-1332.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.016
    Abstract ( 255 )   PDF (861KB) ( 131 )  
    Objective: To investigate the effects of enhanced expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) on the inflammatory response of macrophages induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg LPS) under high glucose conditions.Methods: RAW264.7 murine macrophages were inoculated in the medium with high glucose and were transfected with recombinant plasmids to enhance AhR expression.Then, Pg LPS was added to the medium with high glucose to induce inflammatory response.Western blotting was chosen to examine the expression of AhR, Notch1, Jagged1 and iNOS in macrophages, and ELISA was used to detect the concentration of TNFα and IL1β in the culture supernatant.Results: Compared with the cells without enhanced AhR expression, the cells overexpressing AhR exhibited less expression of Notch1, Jagged1, iNOS, TNFα, and IL1β under the condition of Pg LPS stimulation superimposed on high glucose (P<0.05).Conclusion: Increased AhR expression can inhibit the inflammatory response of macrophages induced by Pg LPS under high glucose conditions, and the suppresive effect may be associated with the inhibition of Notch signaling by AhR.
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    Study on Mongersen's Anti-inflammatory Effect in Periodontal Inflammatory Microenvironment in Vitro.
    WANG Liu-ran, LIU Xin-chan, MENG Yang, DING Xiao-han, WU Zhou, YU Wei-xian
    2018, 34(12): 1333-1336.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.017
    Abstract ( 208 )   PDF (888KB) ( 215 )  
    Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of mongersen, a Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide,in vitro.Methods: Lipofectamine TM 2000 contained mongersen was used to tansfect mouse macrophage (RAW264.7).Then RAW264.7 cells were co-cultured with Pg-LPS which was the main pathogen of periodontitis to simulate the periodontal inflammatory environment.After 12 hours, flow cytometry, western blot, and qRT-PCR were used to detect the transfection efficiency and expression of Smad7 protein and macrophages-related cytokines.Results: The transfection efficiency was 76.57% by flow cytometry.Mongeren could inhibit the protein expression of Smad7 by western blot.The expression of TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1β, and other pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced after adding mongersen.
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    Bone Healing of Customized 3D Printed Porous Titanium Root-analogue Implants in Vivo
    QIN Feng-li, WANG Chao, LIU Ting, YU Ti, HUANG Yuan-ding
    2018, 34(12): 1337-1341.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.018
    Abstract ( 304 )   PDF (3708KB) ( 250 )  
    Objective: To observe the bone healing effect of customized 3D printed porous titanium root-analogue implants with different designs in the body.Methods: By using CBCT imaging, reverse engineering, and computer aided design technology, the porous titanium root analogue implants were personalized designed.Then the porous titanium root analogue implants with appropriate pore diameter, porosity, and connectivity were produced by DMLS technique with high precision.The individualized implants were implanted in the beagle jaw.After three months, the bone healing was observed by X-ray film, micro-CT, and histology slices.Results: Through postoperative gross observation, radiographic and histologic examination, the personalized implants had good biological safety in the body.The bone grew into porous titanium structure and osseointegration was showed around bone and implant.Single root implant in group A had the best result.The effect of radical patterns implant in group C was modest.Root-connected patterns implant in group B had the worst result.Conclusion: The 3D printed porous titanium root-analogue implant can achieve complete osseointegration and good bio-safety in vivo.It might be used in the immediate implantation.
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    Effect of Occlusal Venting Diameter of Implant-supported Crown on Cement Flow - A Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis.
    LI Zhe, QIN Bo-wen, CHANG Xiao-feng, MENG Zhao-li, PAN Feng, WANG Miao, DU Liang-zhi
    2018, 34(12): 1342-1346.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.019
    Abstract ( 224 )   PDF (1941KB) ( 257 )  
    Objective: To analyze the cement flow patterns inside implant-supported crowns with different occlusal venting diameters by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach in order to provide a reference to the venting of cement-retained crown.Methods: By using ICEM 17.0 software, four CFD models were created, including no hole (NH) crown, and the crowns with occlusal hole (OH) ranging from 1mm to 3 mm in diameter (OH1-OH3).Real-time model simulations of cement and air displacement were produced by using volume of fluid (VOF) model which was available in Fluent 17.0 software.Results: In NH group, the cement filled incompletely and overflowed obviously, but in OH groups, the die space between crown and abutment was full-filled by cement, and the extrusion was reduced greatly.There were no apparent differences for the cement flow patterns among OH1-OH3 subgroups.Conclusion: The occlusal hole on the crown can improve the flow pattern of cement to achieve ideal internal filling and reduce external extrusion, but the cement flow cannot be further optimized by increasing the venting diameter.Thus, an occlusal hole with 1 mm in diameter should be considered in order to maintain structural integrity.
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    Characteristics and Antibacterial Properties of Zinc-containing Coating Prepared by Surface Microarc Oxidation on Ti6AL4V
    LI Yue-kun,XU Lin,DU Qing,XIE Wei-li
    2018, 34(12): 1347-1350.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.020
    Abstract ( 225 )   PDF (2083KB) ( 163 )  
    Objective:To prepare zinc-containing coatings with different concentrations on Ti6Al4V by micro-arc oxidation and compare their microstructure and antibacterial properties.Methods: Four sets of specimens with different zinc concentrations were prepared on the surface of Ti6Al4V by micro-arc oxidation, i.e.non-zinc (N-Zn), low-zinc (L-Zn), medium zinc (M-Zn), and high-zinc (H-Zn) groups.The polished Ti6AL4V (CP) was set as a control.SEM and EDS were used to observe the surface morphology and atomic ratio of the coating.XRD was used to determine the phase composition.Film method was used to determine the inhibitory effect of the test piece on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Results: 1) SEM showed that with the increase of zinc concentration, the surface of the coating became smaller and uniform.However, the coating fracture occurred on the surface of the H-Zn group.2) EDS displayed that compared with the CP group, Ca, P, and other elements appeared on the surfaces of four groups.The ratio of Ca/P was 1.7.3) The results of XRD showed that anatase and rutile were formed on the coating surface.4) Film coating method leaded to conclusion that the colonies in the experimental group had statistically significant differences compared with the CP group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the number of colonies between the M-Zn group and the H-Zn group (P>0.05).Conclusion: The zinc-containing coating prepared by the micro-arc oxidation method can enhance the surface antibacterial performance of the specimen, and the antibacterial performance increases with the increase of the zinc concentration of the coating.
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    Effect of Nano-silver Inorganic Zirconium Phosphate on Physical and Chemical Properties of Denture Base Resin.
    ZHAI Yu-xiang, YANG Cheng-xue, CHEN Lin
    2018, 34(12): 1351-1355.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.021
    Abstract ( 218 )   PDF (1274KB) ( 155 )  
    Objective: To investigate the effects of nano-silver inorganic zirconium phosphate on physical and chemical properties of denture base resin.Methods: Nano-inorganic silver zirconium phosphate was added into the resin base at concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%, and without additive as a control group (0%).The surface hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption value, dissolved value, and infrared spectrum were measured according to the national standards.Results: The maximum hardness was (164.60±6.83) MPa in 7% group.Compared with control group, each adding group showed significantly differences (P<0.05).Compared with 1% group, the flexural strength of 3% group reached (97.53±10.00) MPa, the compression strength reached (316.00±9.89) MPa, and the tensile strength reached (64.86±5.02) MPa (P<0.05).There was no significant change in water absorption and dissolution between the groups (P>0.05).In addition, there was a peak at about 550 cm-1，wavelength on the infrared spectrum of each addition group, which was assigned to phosphate group.Conclusion: The resin base got the best physical and chemical properties at 3% nano-silver inorganic zirconium phosphate.Infrared spectrum analysis showed that nano-supported silver zirconium phosphate was successfully added to PMMA.
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    RNA-Seq Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Expression of Genes in the Key Period of Palatogenesis in Mice.
    PENG Yao, SU Chao-nan, WANG Xin-huan, WANG Kun, QIAO Wei-wei, GAO Qian, MENG Liu-yan
    2018, 34(12): 1356-1359.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.022
    Abstract ( 224 )   PDF (1641KB) ( 284 )  
    Objective: To construct DEGB during palatogenesis in mice, and to explore the key regulatory factors and regulation mechanism of palate development.Methods: The embryonic palatal shelves of pregnant C57BL/6 at Ed13.5, Ed14.5, Ed15.5, and Ed16.5 were collected respectively for RNA-seq to screen DEGs.Selected DEGs were validated and analyzed by qPCR and immunohistochemistry.Results: RNA-seq identified 243 DEGs (27 DEGs were down-regulated and 216 DEGs were up-regulated) at the first stage of palatal development (Ed13.5-Ed14.5), 208 DEGs (30 DEGs down-regulated and 178 DEGs up-regulated) at the second stage (Ed14.5-Ed15.5), and 262 DEGs between E15.5 and Ed16.5 (31 DEGs down-regulated and 231 DEGs up-regulated) at the third stage (Ed15.5-Ed16.5).The expression of DEGs related with micro RNA and crystallin family changed significantly.Immunohistochemistry showed that Spp1 was gradually increased in palatal mesenchyme from Ed13.5 to Ed16.5.Conclusion: Members in micro RNA family and crystallin family and Spp1 gene play a role in the palatogenesis.
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    Whole Exome Sequencing for Pathogenic Genes in a Hypodontia and Tumor-prone Family.
    HOU Fei-fei,ZHAO Xiao-xue,WU Jing,MA Teng-fei,WANG Hui-juan,ZHANG Xiang-yu
    2018, 34(12): 1360-1363.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.023
    Abstract ( 227 )   PDF (1113KB) ( 184 )  
    Objective: To provide a reference for the early diagnosis of cancer disease risk indicators by studying the intrinsic relationship between the hypodontia and tumor gene.Methods: The clinical data of pedigree with hypodontia and tumor-prone was collected.The pedigree genetic map was drawn to analyze the genetic characteristics.The pedigree members of whole blood genomic DNA for whole exome sequencing was extracted.The obtained sequence was compared with the Human Genome Sequence 37th Reference Gene Group (GRCh37).The sample variation information was screened, counted, and annotated to filter out the disease-associated mutations or gene.Results: There was an intrinsic link between abnormal tooth development and tumorigenesis.Hypodontia was expected to become an extremely important risk indicator in future tumor research.Conclusion: There may be an internal relationship between hypodontia and tumor-prone.Congenital absence of teeth is expected to be an important risk indicator in future cancer research.
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    Acoustic Characteristics of Patients with Velopharyngeal Insufficiency in Uyghur Language.
    Kubila·Silajiding, YIN Hong-bin, Adili·Moming, WANG Ling
    2018, 34(12): 1364-1367.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.024
    Abstract ( 215 )   PDF (2078KB) ( 213 )  
    Objective: To explore the acoustic characteristics of glottic system and acoustic cavity system of the patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency in Uyghur language, and to evaluate the function of palatopharyngeal closure.Methods: Fifty cases of velopharyngeal insufficiency patients after cleft palate surgery and 50 normal children were read assessment of plosive consonant test and recorded the voice, using Praat analysis software to collect the formant parameters F1, F2, F3 and acoustic parameters Shimmer, Jitter, HN.Statistically analysis was conducted between two groups.Results: Uyghur patient with velopharyngeal insufficiency consonants /d /, /q/, /g/, /k/, /t/ resonance peak difference were statistically significance (P<0.05).Acoustic parameters Shimmer, Jitter, and HNR value’s difference showed statistically significance (P<0.05).Conclusion: The formant parameters F1, F2 and F3 provide basic evidence of the speech therapy for Uyghur patient with velopharyngeal insufficiency.Acoustic parameters Shimmer, Jitter, and HNR can be effective as an acoustic index for evaluating the palatopharyngeal closure function.
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    Keratoameloblastoma: 3 Cases Report and Imaging Features Analysis.
    FENG Ying-lian, ZHANG Lei, WANG Tie-mei, LIN Zi-tong, LIU Shu, HUANG Xiao-feng
    2018, 34(12): 1368-1372.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2018.12.025
    Abstract ( 242 )   PDF (2262KB) ( 390 )  
    Objective: To investigate the imaging features of keratoameloblastoma (KA) and discuss its differential diagnosis after reviewing the literatures.Methods: Three patients who were diagnosed pathologically as KA were involved in this study from 2011 to 2017 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.The radiological appearances were retrospected and summarized.After reviewing the literatures, its differential diagnosis was discussed.Results: Among 3 cases, the lesions were all located in the left side of mandibular body and ascending branch.The common radiological findings were expansible inhomogeneous lesions with septa, as well as scalloping and worm-eat borders.Heterogeneous high attenuation foci intermixed with areas were found, part of which had scarred calcification.The differential diagnosis included primary intraosseous carcinomas, malignant ameloblastoma, and central giant cell lesion.Conclusion: Both benign and malignant radiological characteristics can be seen on the imaging of KA.The identification of typical radiographic features is helpful to diagnose the KA and make surgical decision.More case reports are important to precisely diagnose this extremely rare histological ameloblastoma.
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