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28 December 2020, Volume 36 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Early Orthodontic Treatment for Children HE Hong, ZHAO Tingting 2020, 36(12): 1083-1086.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.001 Abstract ( 589 )   PDF (1059KB) ( 617 )   Through preventive, interventional, and corrective measures, early treatment can guide normal dentofacial development of children and reduce the occurrence rate and severity of malocclusions. It is therefore beneficial for children's physical and mental health. Clinicians need to grasp the concept of "airway-informed orthodontics diagnosis and treatment" and eliminate the causes of malocclusion as early as possible. To develop the best treatment plan, clinicians should take into account children's growth, severity of malocclusion, the effectiveness and efficiency of orthodontic treatment, as well as relevant psychosocial factors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress and Application Potential of Photodynamic Therapy in Treating Oral Candidiasis WEI Diyuan, YAN Zhimin 2020, 36(12): 1087-1090.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.002 Abstract ( 327 )   PDF (752KB) ( 436 )   Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a precision targeted therapy that produces singlet oxygen through photodynamic reaction to exert selectively anti-tumor and anti-microbial activity. With the broadened clinical application in recent years, PDT's anti-candida effect has attracted more attention. Compared with traditional antifungal agents, PDT has relatively definite mechanism and curative effect, and does not lead to resistance, which exhibits clinical potential in the treatment of oral candidiasis. Here we conduct a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of mechanisms, influence factors, clinical effectiveness and safety, research progress, and application potential of PDT in treating oral candidiasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Mechanisms of Metformin in Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ZHANG Shichen, HAN Bing 2020, 36(12): 1091-1094.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.003 Abstract ( 224 )   PDF (781KB) ( 275 )   Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth common cancer in the world. Although therapies have been improved gradually, the 5-year survival rate of patients with HNSCC remains stable at about 63%. Currently, all therapeutic strategies have severe side effects which reduced the quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to find a new therapy with lower toxicity and higher safety. Metformin is a hypoglycemic agent of biguanide class. Researches have shown that the metformin could inhibit the development and progression of HNSCC, in addition to reduce blood glucose. Mechanisms of metformin against HNSCC might include reducing the level of insulin, inhibiting the mTOR pathway and cancer stem cells, inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis and immunomodulation, and enhancing the effect of adjuvant therapies. This article reviews the possible mechanism of metformin against HNSCC based on current available literatures. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between DNA Methylation and Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer ZHANG Wenjie, GUAN Cuiqiang 2020, 36(12): 1095-1098.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.004 Abstract ( 236 )   PDF (763KB) ( 244 )   In recent years, it has been found that DNA methylation is closely related to the occurrence of oral diseases. As a common oral mucosal disease, recurrent aphthous ulcer has complex etiology. With the understanding of its pathogenesis, the changes of DNA methylation induced by its pathogenic factors have been paid more and more attention. In this paper, DNA methylation induced by the pathogenic factors of recurrent aphthous ulcer, such as microorganism, nutrition, and immunity, is reviewed, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease, providing new research ideas for clinical treatment in the future, and also contributing to the development and application of related therapeutic drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of HMGB1 in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis HU Zhihui, FANG Wei 2020, 36(12): 1099-1102.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.005 Abstract ( 203 )   PDF (775KB) ( 191 )   High mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) is an architectural chromatin-binding protein that can be released actively by activated cells or passively by dying cells and can serve as a cytokine to drive the pathogenesis of inflammation. Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common clinical disease, but so far, its pathogenesis is not yet clear. It has been confirmed that HMGB1 expression is increased in TMJOA tissues. Based on the biological characteristics of HMGB1, this article reviews the research progress of HMGB1 in TMJOA in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of TMJOA. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Metformin on Apoptosis of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Induced by High Glucose LIANG Defeng, ZHOU Xincai, WU Yunfei 2020, 36(12): 1103-1107.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.006 Abstract ( 228 )   PDF (962KB) ( 253 )   Objective: To investigate the effects of metformin on the apoptosis of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) induced by high glucose and on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway. Methods: PDLF cells were cultured in vitro, and the cells were divided into NG group (5 mmol/L D-glucose), HG group (30 mmol/L D-glucose), NG + Met group (5 mmol/L D-glucose + 2 mmol/L metformin), HG + Met group (30 mmol/L D-glucose + 2 mmol/L metformin), and HG + Met + Mil group (30 mmol/L D-glucose + 2 mmol/L metformin + 50 nmol/L miltefosine). The cells were cultured for 48 hours. CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation of PDLF cell. The apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of PDLF were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT in PDLF cells were detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with NG group, the OD value of PDLF cells, proportions of PDLF cells in S and G2/M phases, protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT in HG group, HG+Met group, and HG+Met+Mil group were significantly lower (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate and proportion of PDLF cells in G0/G1 phase were significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with HG group, the OD value of PDLF cells, proportions of PDLF cells in S and G2/M phases, and protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT in NG+Met group, HG+Met group, and HG+Met+Mil group were significantly higher (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate and proportion of PDLF cells in G0/G1 phase were significantly lower (P<0.05). Compared with NG+Met, the OD value of PDLF cells, proportions of PDLF cells in S and G2/M phases, and protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT in HG+Met group and HG+Met+Mil group were significantly lower (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate and the proportion of PDLF cells in G0/G1 phase were significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with HG + Met group, the OD value of PDLF cells, proportions of PDLF cells in S and G2/M phases, protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT in HG + Met + Mil group were significantly lower (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate and proportion of PDLF cells in G0/G1 phase were significantly higher (P<0.05). Conclusion: Metformin can resist PDLF apoptosis induced by high glucose, which may be achieved by activating PI3K/AKT pathway. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of MicroRNA-218-5p on Inflammation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Induced by Lipopolysaccharide through Targeting TLR2 Gene ZHOU Yang 2020, 36(12): 1108-1112.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.007 Abstract ( 204 )   PDF (1001KB) ( 218 )   Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of miR-218-5p on proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods: PDLSCs were isolated and cultured. PDLSCs cells were treated with LPS to establish an inflammatory model. MTT assay and flow cytometry were applied to detect the cell survival rate and apoptosis rate, respectively. qRT-PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the expression levels of miR-218-5p and TLR2 protein, respectively. The kits was used to detect the contents of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in PDLSCs. The dual luciferase reporting system was used to detect the targeting relationship between miR-218-5p and TLR2. Results: Human PDLSs were treated by LPS for 0h, 12h, 24h, and 48h. miR-218-5p in PDLSs cells was down-regulated, TLR2 was up-regulated, cell survival rate was down-regulated, apoptosis rate was up-regulated, and the contents of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were up-regulated, showing a time-dependent trend with statistical significance (P<0.05). MiR-218-5p targeted and regulated the expression of TLR2. Over-expression of miR-218-5p or silencing of TLR2 both improved cell survival rate and reduced cell apoptosis rate and levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Over-expression of TLR2 reversed the effect of miR-218-5p over-expression on inflammation and proliferation of PDLSCs induced by LPS. Conclusion: MiR-218-5p regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response of PDLSCs cells induced by LPS through targeting TLR2. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of Nrf2 in Liver Injury Induced by Periodontitis in Rats LI Yan, XIA Boyuan, LI Xin, DING Xu, WANG Wentian, YU Weixian 2020, 36(12): 1113-1116.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.008 Abstract ( 222 )   PDF (2535KB) ( 184 )   Objective: To investigate the role of Nrf2 in liver injury induced by periodontitis in rats. Methods: 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group and periodontitis group, with 12 rats in each group. The periodontitis model was established by 0.2mm orthodontic wire ligation and inoculation of Porphyromonas gingival on the neck of the first maxillary molar. After 6 weeks of modeling, periodontal clinical parameters were measured. Histopathological and immunohistochemical methods and qRT-PCR were used to detect the liver injury and the expression of Nrf2, Keap1, and NQO-1 mRNA and protein in liver tissues. Results: The periodontal tissues of rats in the periodontitis group showed obvious inflammation. The liver cord structure was disorder. Hepatocytes were degenerated and necrosis. mRNA expression levels of Nrf2 and NQO-1 were lower than that of the normal group, and Keap1 was higher than that of the normal group. The Nrf2 protein expression level in periodontitis group was lower than that in normal group. Conclusion: Nrf2 plays an important role in liver injury induced by periodontitis in rats. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Luteolin on NLRP3/IL-1β Signal Pathway and Bone Remodeling in Periodontitis Rats. LI Yuanhui, XING Kongcai, WANG Yiting , LI Xiaohong 2020, 36(12): 1117-1122.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.009 Abstract ( 224 )   PDF (2954KB) ( 297 )   Objective: To investigate the effects of luteolin on the signal pathway of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and bone remodeling in periodontitis rats. Methods: SD male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (gavage with the same amount of saline), model group (gavage with the same amount of saline), luteolin low and high dose groups (given 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg luteolin by gavage), once a day, with 10 in each group. Except the control group, the other groups of rats were prepared with periodontitis model. After 7 days of continuous administration, the trabecular number (TB.N), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and alveolar bone absorption were observed by Micro-CT. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of periodontal tissues. The number of osteoclasts in periodontal tissue was observed by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. The expressions of nuclear factor κB receptor activator ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were determined by immunohistochemistry. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β in periodontal tissues. Results: Compared with those in the control group, the periodontal fibers in the model group were disorganized, the periodontal membrane was narrow, the surface of alveolar bone was not smooth, and there were more bone resorption lacunae. TB.N and Tb.Th in alveolar bone and the expression of OPG in periodontal tissue were significantly lower (P<0.05), while Tb.Sp, CEJ-ABC value, osteoclast number, RANKL expression, NLRP3, and IL-1β protein expressions in periodontal tissue were significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with those in the model group, the periodontal fibers in the low and high dose luteolin groups were arranged in order, and the above pathological symptoms were alleviated obviously, TB.N and Tb.Th in alveolar bone and the expression of OPG in periodontal tissue increased in turn (P<0.05), while Tb.Sp, CEJ-ABC value, osteoclast number, RANKL expression, NLRP3, and IL-1β protein expressions in periodontal tissue decreased in turn (P<0.05). Conclusion: Luteolin may reduce the periodontal tissue damage and promote the alveolar bone remodeling by inhibiting NLRP3/IL-1β signal pathway. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of High Glucose on Porphyromonas Gingivalis LPS induced Inflammation of Periodontal Ligament Cells SUN Tianxiang, MIAO Di, WANG Baoyan, CHEN Yue 2020, 36(12): 1123-1127.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.010 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (1185KB) ( 203 )   Objective: To investigate the impact of high glucose on inflammatory mediators release and NF-κB expression and on activation of human periodontal ligament cells induced by P.gingivalis lipopolysaccharide. Methods: Primary cultured hPDLCs were challenged in P.gingivalis LPS (1μg/mL), high glucose (25mmol/L), and high glucose+P.gingivalis LPS for 6 and 12 hours. The hPDLCs were cultured in physical concentration of glucose as control. The expression of TNF-α and IL-1β were detected by ELISA. The expression of NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 were measured by qRT-PCR and western-blot. Results: High glucose and P.gingivalis LPS could promote the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, and promote the expression and activation of NF-κB p65 in hPDLCs. The co-stimulation of high glucose and P.gingivalis LPS could enhance the expression of inflammatory cytokines and activation of NF-κB p65. Conclusion: High glucose may enhance the inflammation induced by P. gingivalis LPS through activation of NF-κB. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Study on Dual-species Biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans. ZHANG Mengjie, LU Wei, HOU Mengyao, JIANG Xiu, WANG Feihu, TAO Rui 2020, 36(12): 1128-1131.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.011 Abstract ( 200 )   PDF (1336KB) ( 184 )   Objective: To measure the biomass and observe the structure of dual-species biofilm of Streptococcus mutans UA140-mrfp and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 using BioFlux System. Methods: Biofilm volume was measured by crystalline violet staining after mixed culture of Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis. After 30 min standing, dual-species biofilm was cultured in BioFlux200 system under 0.8 dyne continuous shear force for 12 hours. The biofilm structure was observed under fluorescence microscope. Results: The volume of dual-species biofilm was not statistically different from that of mono-species biofilm. However, the dual-species biofilm could form reticulated distribution biofilms in microfluidic environment. Conclusion: Compared with static biofilm models, BioFlux system could form integrated dual-species biofilm. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Integrin Alpha 6 on Proliferation and Odontoblast Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells YIN Xiaowei, ZHANG Shuang, DENG Haotian, HE Lina, LI Yanping, ZHANG Weiwei, PAN Shuang, NIU Yumei 2020, 36(12): 1132-1136.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.012 Abstract ( 198 )   PDF (2325KB) ( 311 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of integrin alpha 6 on proliferation and odontoblast differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods: HDPSCs were isolated and cultured by enzyme digestion in vitro, and the integrin α6 silencing lentivirus was constructed to infect hDPSCs. The hDPSCs were divided into negative control group (shMock group) and integrin α6 silencing group (shITGA6 group). 3-(4,5-dimethylthithioazole-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazole bromide (MTT) and Ki-67 immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the effect of integrin α6 on the proliferation of hDPSCs. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Western blot were used to detect the expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein-1(DMP-1), and alizarin red staining was used to detect the effect of integrin α6 on the odontoblast differentiation and mineralization of hDPSCs. Results: MTT results showed that the proliferation capacity of hDPSCs in shITGA6 group was significantly reduced (P<0.01). The immunofluorescence staining of Ki-67 showed that the positive cell rate of Ki-67 in shITGA6 group was significantly lower than that in shMock group (P<0.001). Alkaline phosphatase staining showed that ALP staining in shITGA6 group was obviously deeper. Western blot showed that the expression of DSPP and DMP-1 in shITGA6 group was significantly up-regulated than that of shMock group (P<0.05). Alizarin red staining showed that the mineralized nodules increased significantly in shITGA6 group. Conclusion: Integrin α6 can promote the proliferation of hDPSCs and inhibit the odontoblast differentiation of hDPSCs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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In Vitro Study on Time Correlation of Bioactive Glass in Promoting Dentin Remineralization YUE Yangli, MA Guixia, LIU Cuili, HE Guitian 2020, 36(12): 1137-1141.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.013 Abstract ( 210 )   PDF (1759KB) ( 300 )   Objective: To study the effect of bioactive glass on promoting dentin remineralization at different time points. Methods: 0.5mol/L EDTA was used to prepare completely demineralized dentin plates, which were randomly divided into 5 groups according to different treatment time points: experimental group A (1 day), group B (4 days), group C (7 days), group D (14 days), and blank control group E. The dentin morphology and the physicochemical properties of minerals were detected by focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectrometerATR-FTIR). Results: FIB SEM showed that the longer the treatment time was, the denser the minerals and the higher the degree of occlusion of dentin tubules were. EDX showed that the calcium-phosphorus content and the calcium-phosphorus ratio in group D were significantly higher than those in group A, B, and C (P<0.05). ATR-FTIR showed that the longer the treatment time was, the higher the absorption peak strength of phosphate was. And XRD showed that groups B, C, and D had formed diffraction peaks similar to hydroxyapatite. Conclusion: BAG can promote the completely demineralized dentin to form minerals similar to hydroxyapatite structure, which has accumulated effect as time proceeded. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Autophagy Regulates Senescence in Human Dental Pulp Cells via GATA4 HUANG Pei, QIAO Weiwei, MENG Liuyan 2020, 36(12): 1142-1147.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.014 Abstract ( 215 )   PDF (4122KB) ( 255 )   Objective: To investigate how autophagy acts on senescence in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory microenvironment. Methods: hDPCs were isolated and cultured in vitro and continuously stimulated by 10 ng/L LPS for 6 days. Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) siRNA were respectively applied to treat hDPCs. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of GATA4, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3), and senescence-related proteins p53 and p16 in hDPCs under different treatments. Cell immunofluorescent assay was utilized to evaluate the expression of LC3. β-galactosidase staining kit was used to detect the expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) in hDPCs. Results: After LPS stimulation, the expressions of LC3, GATA4, p53, and p16 as well as SA-β-Gal positive cells in hDPCs significantly increased compared with those in control group. After inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA, the expression of GATA4, p53, p16, and SA-β-Gal positive cells further increased. Compared to Nc group, GATA4 siRNA group experienced a dramatic decrease in p53 and p16 expression and SA-β-Gal positive cells, however, there was no significant change in LC3 expression. Conclusion: Under a LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment, autophagy negatively regulates the senescence in hDPCs via GATA4. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of Periostin Gene in Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Inflammatory Microenvironment LU Yongchao, WANG Wei, LV Ao, LIU Yiqing, DU Yi 2020, 36(12): 1148-1152.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.015 Abstract ( 205 )   PDF (2471KB) ( 175 )   Objective: To investigate the expression level of Periostin gene in osteogenic differentiation of wistar rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in inflammatory microenvironment. Methods: rBMSCs were isolated and cultured by whole bone marrow adherence method. The cell morphology was observed and the osteogenic differentiation of the third generation rBMSCs was induced. The cell inflammatory response was induced by 10ng/mL TNF-α. Then, the cell proliferation activity was detected by CCK-8 and the gene expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. The third generation of rBMSCs was divided into control group and inflammation group for osteogenic induction. The deposition amounts of calcium ions were measured after alizarin red staining. The expression levels of Periostin in the cells were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot on the 14th day of osteogenic induction. Results: rBMSCs were successfully isolated and cultured by whole bone marrow adherence method. The gene expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the inflammation group were 1.8 times (P<0.05) and 2.1 times (P<0.01) of those of control group, respectively. Compared with the control group, the inflammation group had lower bone formation ability and lower expression of related osteogenic genes. The expression levels of Periostin gene and protein in the inflammation group after osteoinduction were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression level of Periostin gene in osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs induced by inflammatory microenvironment decreased, and the osteogenic capacity of rBMSCs decreased. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Ovariectomy on Macrophage Polarization in Bone Marrow: A Pilot Study in Mice LUO Tao, ZHENG Zhichao, HUANG Jiangyong, GUO Lvhua, WU Zhe, ZHANG Qingbin 2020, 36(12): 1153-1156.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.016 Abstract ( 236 )   PDF (769KB) ( 194 )   Objective: To investigate the role of estrogen in regulating macrophage polarization by establishing a model of osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice. Methods: 8-week-old healthy female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into ovariectomy group and control (pseudo-surgical) group. Body weights were measured every 3 days and animals were euthanized at 12-week-old. Bone mineral density was measured using DXA. Serum interleukin-10 concentration was determined by ELISA. Bone marrow cells were obtained from femoral bone and macrophages polarization were determined using flow cytometry. The ratio of M1/M2 in the ovariectomy group was compared to that of control group. Macrophage cells were cultured in vitro in the presence of IL-10 and the expression of M1/M2 related genes was detected using realtime-PCR. Results: Bone density measurement confirmed that ovariectomy induced bone loss in the femur (P<0.05). The ovariectomy group mice gained weight for 18 days. Ovariectomy group show significantly reduced serum IL-10 (P<0.01) and bone marrow cells IL-10 mRNA expression (P<0.01), and increased M1 to M2 macrophages ratio (P<0.01). Mechanically, in vitro macrophage cell culture experiment confirmed that IL-10 induced upregulation of M2 macrophage-related genes (P<0.01). Conclusion: Insufficient estrogen secretion lowers serum IL-10 expression and bone marrow cells IL-10 mRNA expression, which enables macrophage differentiation toward M1 type. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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IGF1 Participation in Bone Regeneration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients through PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway in Vitro GE Jie, ZHOU Peipei, XU Tianshu, ZHU Zhichao, YANG Xu 2020, 36(12): 1157-1161.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.017 Abstract ( 166 )   PDF (1686KB) ( 156 )   Objective: To investigate the mechanism of insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in bone regeneration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in vitro. Methods: Human IGF1 ELISA TABLE was used to detect the IGF1 levels of serum between normal and T2DM patients. The difference of senescence phenotype between normal bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and T2DM BMSC (DM-BMSC) was detected by β-galactosidase senescence staining. The expression of osteogenic proteins and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was investigated using western blotting analysis. To further illustrate the characters of senescence, osteogenesis, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway expression, IGF1 and AKT inhibitor were added to DM-BMSC culture medium. Results: ELISA analysis showed that serum level of IGF1 was deficient in T2DM (P<0.05). The number of senescent DM-BMSC was more than that of BMSC (P<0.001). Western blotting indicated that DM-BMSC exhibited insufficient ability of osteogenesis and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway expression compared to BMSC. After cultured with IGF1, the number of senescent DM-BMSC decreased while the expression of osteogenesis markers and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway increased. However, AKT inhibitor restrained this function of IGF1. Conclusion: Lack of IGF1 leads to senescence of DM-BMSC and deficient osteogenic ability through PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in vitro which may affect bone regeneration of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Combination of Stromal Vascular Fraction and PRF on Autogenous Fat Transplantation: An Animal Experimental Study LONG Jing, HUANG Xieshan, PAN Xiaomeng, LIAO Jun 2020, 36(12): 1162-1167.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.018 Abstract ( 157 )   PDF (4269KB) ( 150 )   Objective: To investigate the effect of stromal vascular fraction combined with PRF on the absorptivity of autogenous fat transplantation and the best ratio of adipose granules to PRF. Methods: The soft tissue defect model of bilateral rabbit ears was used. The volume, survival rate, and quality of the grafts were compared at different observation points. The arrangement, morphology, and quantity of adipocytes in each group were compared by HE staining and electron microscope scanning. Results: In the simple fat tissue transplantation group, there were 2 cases with cicatrization of the epidermis in the operation area, and no obvious abnormality was found in the rest. With the increase of observation time, the survival rate, mass, and volume of the grafts were gradually reduced. When the mass ratio of fat particles to PRF was 3∶1, the survival rate, mass, and volume of the grafts were the largest. With the increase of time, the PRF was slowly released, and histological observation showed that the fat cells in each group were not abnormal. With the same degree of reconstruction, the number of intact adipocytes in group B was the most, and the shape and size of adipocytes in group B were more uniform. Conclusion: The combination of PRF and stromal vascular fraction can reduce the absorption rate of autogenous adipose tissue and improve the survival rate of the graft. When the mass ratio of adipose granules to PRF was 3∶1, the graft survival rate was the highest. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Colloidal Silver Gelatin Sponge on Prevention of Complications after Tooth Extraction in Diabetic Patients MA Yongqing, YANG Miaomiao 2020, 36(12): 1168-1171.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.019 Abstract ( 462 )   PDF (739KB) ( 295 )   Objective: To evaluate the effect of colloidal silver gelatin sponge on prevention of complications following dental extraction in diabetics. Methods: A total of 300 diabetic patients undergoing dental extraction in our hospital were included in this study from January 2019 to January 2020, who were divided into three groups. In the experimental group, the teeth extraction sockets were filled with the Gelatamp colloidal silver gelatin sponge, and the control group with medical absorbable gelatin sponge. The socket remained empty in blank control group. The incidence of bleeding was observed on 0.5 and 24 hours after extractions, and the infection rate was observed on 3 and 7 days postoperatively. Results: The bleeding and infection rates of the experimental group were 5% and 4%, respectively, compared with 12% and 13% for control group and 21% and 20% for blank control group. The experimental group had significantly lower incidence of the complications such as bleeding and infection. Additionally, the level of white blood cells of the experimental group was lower than the other groups. Conclusion: The colloidal silver gelatin sponge has an advantage on hemostasis and anti-inflammation, which can significantly prevent the occurrence of complications following dental extraction in diabetic patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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CBCT Scanning and Three-dimensional Reconstruction for the Treatment of Five Root Canals in Right Maxillary Second Molar: A Case Report LI Mingming, LUO Jingjing, WU Fanglong, YU Ting, CHENG Ran, WANG Guosong, HU Tao 2020, 36(12): 1172-1173.  DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2020.12.020 Abstract ( 233 )   PDF (2694KB) ( 280 )   There is great variation in maxillary second molars. Missing root canals or root canal perforation are quite common. A case of 5 root canals of maxillary second molar with furcal perforation and calcified and curved root canals was reported. Finally, appropriate treatment effect was achieved with the help of CBCT and three-dimensional reconstruction beforehand. References | Related Articles | Metrics