Journal of Oral Science Research

Effect of Streptococcus Sanguis Bacteriocin on Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Porphyromonas Gingivalis.

MA Sheng-li, YU Shu-yang, CHEN Chun-xiao, ZHANG Jin-chao, SONG Xin-man, HAN Ye

2017, 33(8): 803-806. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.001

Abstract ( 410 )

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Objective: To study the effects of streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins on the surface morphology and the mechanical properties of porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g). Methods: Standard strains ATCC10556 and ATCC33277 were recovered and extended. Streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins was extracted by low temperature high-speed centrifugation and ultrasonic broken. Streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins was affected with P.g at 37℃ and anaerobic cultured for 48h. Atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to observe the microstructure of Streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins on P.g. Through the force-distance curve, the Young's modulus and adhesion of Streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins on P.g were calculated. Results: AFM showed that Streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins could reduce the diameter of P.g, rise the average roughness and average peak height (P<0.05). After Streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins on P.g, the adhesion and the Young's modulus of P.g reduced significantly (P<0.001). The adhesion and the Young's modulus of P.g were (0.7±0.1)nN and (5.54±0.16)Mpa. After Streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins on P.g, the adhesion and the Young's modulus of P.g were 0.50± 0.1nN and 3.97±0.64Mpa. Conclusion: Streptococcus sanguis bacteriocins can change the morphology of P.g and reduce the adhesion and the Young's modulus of P.g.

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Cultivation, Identification and Multiple Differentiation of Rabbit Adipose-derived Stem Cells.

WANG Lin, WU Guo-min, SUN Xiu-mei, XIAO Yan-ju, CHEN Kai, PENG Pei-xuan.

2017, 33(8): 807-810. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.002

Abstract ( 371 )

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Objective: To isolate, cultivate, identify, and multipotential differentiate the rabbit adipose-derived stem cells. Methods: Adipose tissue was taken from New Zealand white rabbits groin and the cells were obtained. The cells were cultured and observed. Phenotypic markers and differentiation characteristics of cells were evaluated. Results: Cells obtained were kind of fibroblast-like cells which grew rapidly. The cells could proliferate stably up to 20 passages or more. The cell surface antigens CD34 and CD14 were negative, while CD44 were positive. In addition, they could differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Conclusion: ADSCs were isolated successfully. The cells proliferated in vitro steadily and had good multiple differentiation potential.

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Effects of Sulfuric Acid Etching and Adhesive on Bond Strength of Polyetheretherketone.

WU Yu, YAN Qi, SHI Bin.

2017, 33(8): 811-815. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.003

Abstract ( 418 )

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Objective: To study the effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength between PEEK and veneer resin. Methods: One hundred and sixty PEEK samples were prepared and randomly divided into four groups for surface treat: 98% sulfuric acid etching group, adhesive group, 98% sulfuric etching acid + adhesive group, and control group. Each group was divided into two subgroups of different veneering resins: GC Gradia resin and Ceramage resin. Half of each subgroup was randomly selected and immersed in distilled water at 37℃ for 24 h, and the other half was thermocycled 10000 times. The bond strength of samples was measured in a universal testing machine, and then analyzed by ANOVA and SNK-q test in SPSS software. The failure types were assessed by stereomicroscopy. Results: The highest shear bond strength before and after thermocycling was observed for the group treated with sulfured acid and veneering Ceramage resin(P＜0.05). After thermal cycling, all experimental groups showed lower shear bond strength (P＜0.05) except sulfuric acid + adhesive treatment group between PEEK and GC Gradia resin. Conclusion: The treatment with 98％ sulfuric acid etching or the adhesive both can enhance the shear bond strength between PEEK and veneer resin. The bond strength between GC Gradia and PEEK with sulfuric acid + adhesive treatment is more durable.

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Repair of Skin Defect in Mice with Platelet-rich Fibrin.

XU Hai-yan, LIU Bin, DAI Tai-qiang, XU Fang-fang, AN Ran.

2017, 33(8): 816-819. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.004

Abstract ( 382 )

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Objective: To assess the possible protective effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) against mice impaired wound. Methods: Twenty-one Balb/C mice, who received full thickness skin wound (1.5 cm × 1.5 cm) on the back were obtained. The wound mice were then randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e. skin defect control group, public products in the control group (AD chitin), and freeze-dried PRF particle groups. The healing time and the healing rate of wound in mice were measured in different groups. Skin tissue pathological slices were taken on 21th day and healing condition was observed. Results: On days 21, wound area and volume in freeze-dried PRF particle treatment wounds were significantly decreased compared with those in other groups (P＜0.01).The healing time was shorter than that of other groups. Conclusion: These results confirmed that PRF had potential to accelerate the speed and improve the quality of open wound healing of skin. It provides a new strategy to promote skin wound repair after injury.

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Influence of Pre-load on Surface Microstructure and Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of R-phase Rotary Files.

YANG Yin-jie, HOU Ben-xiang, HOU Xiao-mei.

2017, 33(8): 820-823. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.005

Abstract ( 477 )

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Objective: To compare the effect of pre-load on surface microstructure and cyclic fatigue resistance of K3XF and K3. Methods:Forty-eight K3XF or K3 instruments #25/.06 were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 12). The instruments from group 1 were not pre-loaded, and the group 2 to 4 underwent pre-load for 5s, 10s and 20s by using a simulated metal root canal with curvature of 60° and radius of 3.5 mm, respectively. The surface microstructure of two instruments randomly selected from each group was observed using SEM. Then the remaining 10 instruments were submitted to the cyclic fatigue test using the before mentioned apparatus. The time till fracture was recorded as well as the number of cyclic fatigue (NCF) and the fragment length. The topographic features were analyzed using SEM. The data were analyzed with the Two-Way ANOVA analysis at a significance level of P<0.05 by using SAS 9.3. Results:SEM observation demonstrated obvious flute abrasion, numerous cracks and irregularities on both of the files. However, this kind of destruction was less on K3XF than that on K3. Cyclic fatigue resistance of K3XF significantly decreased from (210±59) to (156±37) after pre-loaded for 20 s (P<0.05). Cyclic fatigue resistance of K3 decreased from (145±38) to (110±27), (101±31) and (62±31) after pre-loaded for 5s, 10s and 20s, respectively (P<0.05). Significant difference was observed between groups (P<0.05) except that between 5s and 10s groups. Conclusion: K3XF exhibits better resistance against pre-load compared to K3.

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Expression of Polycystin-1 in Cranial Base Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis of Growing Mouse.

GAO Guo-jie,ZHANG Xiao-yue,SHEN Gang.

2017, 33(8): 824-827. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.006

Abstract ( 316 )

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Objective: To investigate the tempro-spatial characters of polycystin-1 (PC1) expression in mouse spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) at different growth stages. Methods: Tissue sections of SOS of 1, 4,8 weeks postnatal mouse were prepared, then the expression of PC1 was detected with immunohistochemical staining and the percentage of positive area to synchondrosis area was calculated. Results: At the age of 1 week, the expression of PC1 in SOS was observed in reserve zone, pre-hypertrophy zone, and early hypertrophy zone; at 4 weeks, PC1 expression in reserve zone, proliferation zone, and pre-hypertrophy zone was obviously enhanced; at 8 weeks, the PC1 expression was concentrated in pre-hypertrophy zone and hypertrophy zone. The mean percentages of positive area were 4.51%, 5.7% and 4.59% at 1week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks, respectively. The difference between 4-week-old group and any other group was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: PC1 is expressed in spheno-occipital synchondrosis of growing mouse, but its site and level vary at different growth stages.

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Effects of Irradiation on IK1 and BK Channels in Rat Submandibular Glands.

ZHU Hong-hua, GONG Bai-juan, SONG Zi-qi, JU Hao, FENG Jing, LI Zhi-min, SUN Hong-chen.

2017, 33(8): 828-831. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.007

Abstract ( 257 )

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Objective: To explore the mechanism of irradiation-induced salivary glands hypofunction by investigating the change of IK1 and BK channels electric current after irradiation in rat submandibular gland. Methods: Male Wistar rats, weight 180-220g, were randomly divided into control group and irradiation group. The bilaterally submandibular glands of irradiation group were irradiated with a single dose of 15Gy. The control rats were only anesthesia but no irradiated. On the pre-IR, post-IR 3rd day, 15th day and 40th day, respectively, the macroscopic K⁺ currents change of IK1 and BK channels in acinar cells of submandibular glands were recorded with whole-cell patch clamp experiments. Results: At +80 mV, in compared with control group, the current density of BK channel and IK1 channel of 3 day group was not significant different, and 15 day group reduced 9.7% and 12.8%, respectively (P<0.05), and 40 day group reduced 13.8% and 17.1%, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion: Irradiation can reduce the K⁺ current densities of BK channel and IK1 channel in rat submandibular gland, which may be one reason for radiation-induced salivary glands hypofunction.

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GO Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes of NF- kappa B Pathway in Rat Orthodontic Tooth Movement.

LI You, ZHANG LIN-kun, ZHANG XI-zhong, KANG YONG-ge, MA Yao.

2017, 33(8): 832-836. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.008

Abstract ( 269 )

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Objective: To compare the mRNA expression profiles of periodontal tissues surrounding tooth between normal rats and rats with orthodontic force, to screen different genes and perform GO analysis by microarray technology. Methods: Six SD rats were randomly selected and divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group established rat orthodontic tooth movement model. According to the results of pre-experiment, the rats were sacrificed at 0h and 12h, respectively, and the maxillary first molar peripheral 1 mm periodontal tissues were harvested and sampled, then total RNA was extracted for rat whole genome microarray detection. GO analysis of differentially expressed genes was performed and RT-qPCR was used to confirm the results on core samples. Results: Microarray results showed that, in contrast to control group, a total of 463 differentially expressed genes, including 250 up-regulated genes and 213 down-regulated genes existed in the experimental group. Among the differentially expressed genes, there were 8 up-regulated genes involved in NF- kappa B signaling pathway. And the GO analysis involved 1189 different functional categories. Conclusion: Inflammation and neutrophil chemotaxis related genes up-regulated in periodontal tissue during orthodontics tooth movement.

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Effect of Early Intervetion by Botulinum Toxin Type A on Mandible Growth.

PIAO Zheng-guo, ZOU Rui, LIAO Ting, YAN Jing.

2017, 33(8): 837-840. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.009

Abstract ( 219 )

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Objective:To evaluate the effects of botulinum toxin type A on mandible overdevelopment in animal model. Methods: Three-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats (n=35) were divided into seven groups: five rats in group 1 served as normal control and received no treatment, five rats in group 2 as negative control and their bilateral masseters were injected with peanut oil (solvent oil of Nandrolone Decanoate) at the fourth week, and the rest 25 rats were divided into group 3 to grouop 7. They were received injection of Nandrolone Decanoate in bilateral masseters every week and four groups, group 4 to group 7, were injected with botulinum toxin type A in bilateral masseters at the third to the seventh week, respectively. The mandibles were harvested at the fifteenth week and scanned by Mirco-CT. And the data generated were imported into Mimics to reconstruct 3D model of mandibles and analyzed. Results: All indexes in group 2 were similar to those in group 1. Compared with group 1 and group 2, the mandible indexes in group 3 significantly increased. The indexes in group 5, 6, and 7 were similar to those in group 1. Compared with group 5, 6 and 7, the length and height of mandible in group 3 increased. The length and height of mandible decreased in BTX-A treated group. Conclusion: Local injection of nandrolone decanoate into rats’ bilateral masseter can induce mandible overdevelopment in pubertal rats, which can be prevented by local injection of BTX-A into rats’ masseter. The preventive efficacy peaks at the fifth week post treatment by nandrolone decanoate.

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Fatigue Analysis of Taper Lock Abutment in Platform Switching Implant by Three-dimensional Finite Element.

JIANG Jian-hui,FAN Jian,ZOU Geng-sen,CHEN Jiang,DAI Lin-lin.

2017, 33(8): 841-844. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.010

Abstract ( 234 )

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Objective: To realize the fatigue life of taper lock abutment in platform switching implant with different materials. Methods: The image making software was used to set up the three-dimensional finite element models which simulated the platform switching abutment connection with alveolar bone complex. Results: The rank of fatigue life of these different implant abutment materials was titanium＞zirconia＞alumina. Conclusion: The fatigue life of these implant abutment materials were over 30 years. The key factor of different material fatigue life is the point of stress concentration.

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Titanium Surface Modified with Polymeric Quaternary Ammonium Compound by Atrp and Its Antibacterial Properties.

LI Jie, MA Chao-yang, JIN Lu, XIAO Qun, LI Zhi-an.

2017, 33(8): 845-848. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.011

Abstract ( 326 )

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Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial ability of a kind of polymeric quaternary ammonium compound grafted on titanium surface by ATRP. Methods: Titanium surface was grafted with poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) brush (PDMAEMA) by ATRP and further decorated with 1-bromohexadecane to synthesis polyquaternium. The modified surfaces were characterized using contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The antibacterial performance of the modified surfaces was evaluated with the streptococcus mutans (S.m) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) attachment test by fluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscope. Results: Contact angle measurements, XPS, and FTIR showed the aimed products were successfully deposited on Ti surface. No matter gram-positive S.m or gram-negative E. coli, there were a lot of live bacteria and little dead bacteria on the Ti surface, however, almost full of dead bacteria on the modified Ti surface. Furthermore, modified surface showed great antibacterial ability after 4h and 24h. The results of SEM were the same as that of FM that the bacteria on modified surface were much less than bare titanium. Conclusion: A kind of polymeric quaternary ammonium compound was successfully grafted on the titanium surface. And the modified surface possessed great antibacterial ability.

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Experimental Study on Dental Implants Affecting Magnetic Resonance Imaging by Water Model Experiment

CAI Feng, CHEN Fang, CHENG Zhi-gang.

2017, 33(8): 849-851. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.012

Abstract ( 244 )

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Objective: To evaluate the magnetic properties of metal implants and provide experimental basis for clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination and a reference for doctors and patients to choose implants by water model experiment. Methods: Different brands of implants were placed in a water model, which were scanned by a 4.7 T magnetic resonance machine. Results: There were no missile effect for all implants, but there were local influences caused by implants differing in range depending on brands. The artifacts generated in the spin echo sequence scan were less significant than those generated in gradient echo sequence. Conclusion: The metal implants, whose magnetic susceptibility is much larger than 10^-4, can be treated as the very weak ferromagnetic material. Though they have local impacts on MRI, they can be safely present during MRI examination.

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Screening of Key MiRNAs during Salivary Gland Development in Mice and Functional Prediction.

CUI Li-juan, LIU Guo-qin.

2017, 33(8): 852-855. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.013

Abstract ( 232 )

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Objective: To screen differential expression of miRNAs during salivary gland development in mice. Methods: Using microarrays, miRNA expression profiles were established at selected time points during development (E18.5, E19.5, P0, P3) of the murine submandibular gland. Furthermore, using GENESPRING10.0, Quantile normalization was established. According to Gene Ontology, the functions were predicted. Results: The expressive profiles of miRNA were established. The miRNAs whose expressive signal strength changed greatly were mmu-miR-133a, mmu-miR-721, mmu-miR-1, mmu-miR-133b, mmu-miR-133a, and mmu-miR-206. Conclusion: The miRNAs whose expressive signal strength changed greatly may play an important role in the salivary gland development.

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HemoglobinA1c in Gingival Crevicular Blood Screening for Diabetes

WU Juan, ZHAO Jie, ZHANG Xuan, SUN Wei-bin, LIN Yue, LIN Liang-yuan

2017, 33(8): 856-859. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.014

Abstract ( 230 )

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Objective: To determine if hemoglobinA1c (HbA1c) gingival crevicular blood (GCB) could be used to build a predictive model for diabetes. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups based on the history of diabetes and the results of HbAlc in finger-stick blood (FSB). Group 1 was diabetes and Group 2 was without diabetes. FSB and GCB were collected from moderate or severe periodontitis patients with adequate bleeding on probing. Glucose and HbA1c levels were analyzed. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure the correlation between glucose and HbA1c values in FSB and GCB. A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine an optimal GCB HbA1c criterion value for a positive diabetes screening. Results: The pearson correlation coefficients were 0.993 and 0.926 for FSB and GCB glucose, respectively, and were 0.977 and 0.829 for FSB and GCB HbA1c. The ROC analysis identified a criterion value of 5.7% for the GCB HbA1c test with high sensitivity (100%) and high specificity (95.2%), corresponding to FSB HbA1c values ≥ 6.5% (in the diabetes range). Conclusion: HbA1c in GCB samples may be an acceptable predictor for diabetes screening.

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Dynamic Features and Fatigue Failure of Maxillary Canine Root Canal with Various Profiles after Restored with Fiber Posts.

XIAO Yan, SHEN Kai-qi, GUO Jia, ZHANG Wen-bo, LIU Bing.

2017, 33(8): 860-864. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.015

Abstract ( 248 )

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Objective: To analyze the dynamics and fatigue failure mechanisms of the maxillary canine with normal or funnel-shaped root canal restored by fiber posts using the 3D finite element analysis. Methods: The eye tooth model of two root canals was obtained using the Micro CT scan and Mimics and UG software. The Nastran model was used to mimic the dynamic characteristics of the tooth. Smith-Waston-Topper principal was utilized to predict the fatigue life of the teeth, while the fatigue failure was also analyzed. Results: The fatigue resistance of the root canal with normal profile restored by the fiber posts was superior to that of the funnel-shaped root canal. The position of initial fatigue damage was similar to the position with the maximal principal stress. The threshold of the fatigue safety factors was coincidented with the transverse turning curve after repairment. In the presence of maximal strain, the line stretcher of the perpendicular line of the load was coincidented with the oblique turning curve after repairment. Conclusion: The shelf life of the root canal with normal profile was higher than that of the funnel-shaped root canal restored by the fiber posts. The localization of the maximal principal stress restored by fiber posts was the fatigue region susceptible to the injury. The fatigue failure was mainly induced by the fatigue structural damage and extension of the fatigue crack. The possibility of transverse and oblique fold was not the same under various conditions.

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Comparison of Therapeutic Effects between Dual-wavelength Laser and Minocycline Hydrochloride on Combined Periodontal-endodontic Lesions.

WU Nan, DAI Hai-tao , XU Jiang, XU Yi.

2017, 33(8): 865-869. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.016

Abstract ( 282 )

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Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects between dual-wavelength laser and minocycline hydrochloride on combined periodontal-endodontic lesions. Methods: Sixty teeth with combined periodontal-endodontic lesions were randomly divided into 2 groups, the experiment group (Nd: YAG disinfection after Root canal preparation + Er: YAG laser irradiation periodontal pocket) and the control group ( Iodine volts disinfection after Root canal preparation+ Minocycline hydrochloride in periodontal pocket). The difference in pain after 1 day between two groups was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS). Periodontal pocket depth (PD), periodontal attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were compared between two groups after 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Results: There were statistically significant difference in PD, CAL, and BOP between two groups. The experimental group was better than the control group. The bacteria were mainly Veillonellaceae, Streptococcaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, and Peptostreptococcaceae. Conclusion: Combination of Er: YAG laser and Nd: YAG laser is better than minocycline hydrochloride in treating combined periodontal-endodontic lesions.

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Diagnosis and Treatment Experience of Malignant Parotid Lymphoma.

GAO Run-tao,GENG Xue-fei.

2017, 33(8): 870-873. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.017

Abstract ( 271 )

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Objective: To document the clinicopathologic features and accessory examination characteristics of malignant lymphoma of parotid gland for improving preoperative diagnosis rate. Methods: Eight cases of malignant parotid gland lymphoma admitted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Beijing Friend Hospital of Capital Medical University between September 2013 and May 2016 were reviewed. Results: The clinicopathologic features and CT image of primary malignant lymphoma of the parotid gland were parotid masses,associated with enlarged lymph nodes.Needle biopsy and immunohistochemistry can provide propensities to dignose.All eight patients received surgical treatment and got pathological diagnosis at last including 1 case of Hodgkin'S lymphoma and 7 cases of non-Hodgkin'S lymphoma.All patients were advised to hematological pepartment or oncological department for further treatment. Conclusion: The features of clinicopathology, CT image, needle biopsy, and immunohistochemistry can provide propensities to dignose primary malignant lymphoma of the parotid gland. The pathological diagnosis postoperative can direct individual therapy.

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Gingival Lesions Presenting as the First Symptom: Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Gingival non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.

SUN Wei-ke, GONG Xue-mei, DONG Da-qun, ZHOU Hui-hui.

2017, 33(8): 874-876. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.018

Abstract ( 201 )

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Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of gingival non-Hodgkin’s lympahoma (NHL). Methods: Four cases of NHL whose first symptoms were gingival lesions were analyzed. The clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics were retrospectively studied and the relevant literatures were reviewed. Results: The median age of 4 patients was 59 (43-69). They were 1 male and 3 females. Three cases occurred in maxillary gingival and one case occurred in mandibular gingival. Two cases were diffused large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 1 case was anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative (ALCL, ALK-negative), and the last one was plasma cell neoplasms. Conclusion: Lymphoma of gingival is very rare and almost NHL, predominated by DLBCL. The diagnosis of gingival lymphoma depends on pathological biopsy. Immunohistochemistry is conducive to diagnosis, typing, and differential diagnosis.

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Effects of Curcumin Combined with Dickkopf-1 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells.

WANG Bi,SHAO Xiao-lin, ZHAO Yu.

2017, 33(8): 877-880. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.019

Abstract ( 260 )

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Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumin combined with Dickkopf-1 on proliferation and apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Methods: Cell proliferation was detected after 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80μmol/L curcumin treated CAL27, Tca8113, SCC-4 cells for 24, 48 and 72h, and calculated the value of IC50. The cells were divided into control group, curcumin group, Dickkopf-1 group, and Dickkopf-1+curcumin group. After treatment for 48h, the cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 test, the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the expressions of Cleaved caspase3, β-catenin, and CyclinD1 protein were detected by Western blot. Results: The cell inhibition rates at different concentrations of curcumin treated CAL27, SCC-4 and Tca8113 cells for 24, 48 and 72h were significantly higher than the cell inhibition rate at 0h, and the cell inhibition rate increased with the prolongation of time and the increase of the concentration (P<0.01). According to the IC50 value, Tca8113 cells and 30 μmol/L curcumin were chosen as a follow-up study. Conclusion: Curcumin and Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor Dickkopf-1 can inhibit the proliferation and promote apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. The combination effect of both is stronger than that of curcumin or Dickkopf-1 alone.

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Application of Progressive Method to Locate and Negotiate Middle Mesial Canal of Mandibular Molars in Young and Middle-aged Patients: An in Vivo Study.

YANG Li-li, ZHANG Yan, ZHAO Shi-jun, WANG Jia-kui.

2017, 33(8): 881-884. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.020

Abstract ( 275 )

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Objective: To evaluate the application value of progressive method for the detection and negotiation of middle mesial (MM) canals of mandibular molars in young and middle-aged patients. Methods: Forty-five mandibular first molars and twenty-five mandibular second molars from 60 patients of 20 to 45 years old were selected. The clinician detected the middle mesial canal in mandibular molars using progressive method. The number of MM canals was recorded and analyzed statistically by chi-square test. The path way of canals was characterized by periapical angulated projection. Results: The detection with naked eye revealed that the presence of MM was three (4.3%), DOM was seven (10.0%), micro-ultrasound technique was fifteen (21.4%) and cone-beam CT combined with micro-ultrasound technique was 17 (24.3%). The statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between stage four and the first and second stage (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between stage four and the third stage. Among the 17 MM canals, seven showed ''confluent'' anatomy, two showed ''independent'' anatomy, and eight showed ''fin'' anatomy. Conclusion: The four steps progressive method will enhance the ability of dental clinician to locate MM canals in mandibular molars in young and middle-aged patients.

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Comparison of Fracture Loads between Cast and Milled Titanium Ceramic Crowns and Base Metal Ceramic Crowns.

LIAN Song-feng, LIN Jing-kai, CAI Kun-can, ZHANG Yan-xiang.

2017, 33(8): 885-888. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.021

Abstract ( 273 )

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Objective: To compare the fracture loads of metal ceramic crowns (MCCs) composed of cast and milled titanium and MCCs composed of base metal. Methods: Thirty premolar MCCs were fabricated with 3 different metal copings: cast nickel-chromium alloy (Ni group), milled titanium (T1 group) and cast titanium (T2 group). Various geometric dimensions of the MCCs were tested with a laboratory scanner and digital measurement software and then adjusted. All final data were collected and statistically analyzed for confirming the homogeneity among groups. After cemented to identically milled titanium dies, all specimens were subjected to an occlusal loading axially in an universal testing machine until ceramic fracture occurred to measure the fracture load (F). The fractures were characterized using stereomicroscope. The F values were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Results: The mean fracture loads were (2348 ± 441)N for Ni group, (2144 ± 501)N for T1 group, and (1823 ± 576)N for T2 group, respectively. No significant differences were observed. Most of the fractures were confined to the palatal third. The chief failure mode for Ni and T1 groups was mixed failure, but it was adhesive failure for T2 group. Conclusion: The fracture resistance of titanium-based MCCs is similar to that of Ni-Cr alloy containing MCCs, and therefore titanium-based MCCs may be a potential alternative to conventional MCCs.

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Effects of PTEN on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Periodontal Ligament Cells Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide.

ZHAO Yuan, WANG Shu, SHAO Bo, GAO Ying

2017, 33(8): 889-892. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.022

Abstract ( 237 )

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Objective: To investigate the effects of PTEN on proliferation and apoptosis of periodontal ligament cells induced by hydrogen peroxide. Methods: Human periodontal ligament cells were isolated and cultured in vitro, and then transfected with PTEN small interfering RNA or small interfering RNA negative control. After H₂O₂ treatment, PTEN expression was detected in cells by Western blot. Results: PTEN expression was inhibited in human periodontal ligament cells transfected with PTEN small interfering RNA. Conclusion: Interference of PTEN expression could inhibit the apoptosis and the proliferation of human periodontal ligament cells induced by H₂O₂.

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Therapy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma using Doxorubicin-loading Mesoporous Magnetic Silia Nanoparticles in Vitro.

XUE Ben-zhe, LI Shan-chang, YANG Shao-wei, DONG Bo, QU Xue-yan

2017, 33(8): 893-897. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.023

Abstract ( 238 )

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Objective: To investigate the targeting effect of doxorubicin-loading mesoporous magnetic silia nanoparticles (DOX@M-MSNs) on oral squamous carcinomas cells in vitro. Methods: Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), flow cytometry, and laser scanning confocal microscope were used to detect the targeted anti-tumor activity of DOX@M-MSNs against CAL-27. Results: The blank mesoporous magnetic silia nanoparticles showed excellent biocompatibility with cell viability >80% at the maximum tested concentration. With increase of concentration and the going of time, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation from DOX@M-MSNs was superior to that from free DOX (P<0.05). Flow cytometry showed that DOX@M-MSNs induced higher necrotic rates than free DOX, and with the elapse of time, the necrosis rate increased. Laser scanning confocal microscope showed that the magnetic area of DOX @ M-MSNs in gathered was better than that of non-magnetic regions of the tumor cells through external magnetic field, compared with non-magnetic area, the magnetic area showed a higher cell death. Conclusion: DOX@M-MSNs can selectively recognize oral squamous carcinomas cells, enhance to deliver DOX into the cells, and promote its effect in killing oral squamous carcinomas cells. By applying the magnetic field, the drug delivery efficiency of DOX@M-MSNs can be increased.

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Comparison of 8-OHdG in Whole Unstimulated Saliva Obtained from Patients with Different Types of Periodontitis.

ZHANG Meng-jun, LUAN Qing-xian.

2017, 33(8): 898-900. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.024

Abstract ( 220 )

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Objective: To evaluate the content of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in whole unstimulated saliva from patients with different types of periodontitis and the relationship between 8-OHdG and clinical parameters. Methods: Whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 10 healthy control subjects (H), 10 chronic periondontitis (CP) and 10 aggressive periodontitis (AgP) patients. To determine the clinical condition of each subject, the plaque index (PLI), sulcus bleeding index (BI), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing depth (PD) were measured. The salivary 8-OHdG level was measured using ELISA method. Results: Higher salivary 8-OHdG level was found among three groups (P<0.05). The results showed that the 8-OHdG levels were in the rank of Agp group > CP group > H group. The 8-OHdG has a relationship with all clinical parameters. In the CP and AgP groups the 8-OHdG has a relationship with CAL. Conclusion: The level of 8-OHdG in salivary indicates the periodontal status and has a relationship with peridontitis type.

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MicroRNAs and Tumor Angiogenesis.

XIA Hou-fu, REN Jian-gang, ZHAO Yi-fang.

2017, 33(8): 901-904. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.025

Abstract ( 260 )

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Angiogenesis, the process of forming neovascular structure from preexisting blood vessels, is closely related with tumor growth, metastasis, relapse, drug resistance via the supply of nutrients and grow factors. In this complicated regulatory network of tumor angiogenesis, microRNAs play an important role and even act as an accurate biomarker or therapeutic target. In this paper, the effects of microRNAs on tumor angiogenesis were summarized.

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Research Progress of Relationship Between Oral Organisms and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

CHEN Zhi-hui, LV Li-juan, ZHANG Liang, YE Ning

2017, 33(8): 905-908. DOI: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2017.08.026

Abstract ( 318 )

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The placentas of healthy pregnancies were always considered to be bacteria-free environment. But novel findings characterized a unique microbiome niche in the placenta with molecular approaches, which may be most akin to the human oral microbiome. The increased oral bacteria detection in placental tissue, suggesting a hematogenous spread of bacteria that originates from oral microflora may be associated with intrauterine infection.The article aims to review current researches about the microbe from oral cavity invade the placenta and its potential relationship with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs).

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