Journal of Oral Science Research

Effect of Different Activators on the Coupling Performance of Long-chain Silane.

REN Qing-jie, WANG Ying-jie, ZHANG Xiang, et al

2015, 31(2): 101-104.

Abstract ( 131 )

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Objective: To evaluate effect of different activators on the coupling performance of long-chain silane between porcelain and resin. Methods: Three different types of activation agent activate the different concentration of the long-chain silane, casting porcelain surface, stir-in resin adhesive porcelain specimen.Electron microscopy (SEM) observes the surface morphology and measure bonding strength of the specimens. Results: Two bottles long-chain silane molecular bonding strength was obviously higher than one bottle, acetic acid activator bonding strength was the highest, the lowest was lauric acid group.6% long-chain silane mixed with activator bonding strength was the highest. SEM showed that the surface with acetic acid group formed plenty of, thickness uniformity of coupling agent coverage, coupling agent coverage area formed a lot of Beaded polymers in lauric acid group. Conclusion: Acetic acid should be used as the activator of long-chain silane. Acetic acid with 6% of long-chain silane group was the highest bonding strength.

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Effect of siRNA Interference on the Acidogenicity for Gene ffh of Fluoride Resistant Streptococcus Mutans.

LI Peng-lian, ZHANG zhi-min, LI Zhen-ling, et al

2015, 31(2): 105-108.

Abstract ( 150 )

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Objective: To have a discussion on the effect on the acidogenicity for gene ffh of fluoride resistant streptococcus mutans (UA159-FR)after siRNA interference. Methods: UA159-FR was transformed by using electroporation and combined with targeted site of ffh gene sequence, and cultured by adding BHI, glucose, saccharose, lactose and starch with 5% saccharides into bacteria that was before interfered and after interfered respectively. PH was set to 7.5. The terminal PH was measured after 24 hours. Results: After the transfection, the result turned out to be successful. Before and after interference, there were some significant differences for transfection of fluoride resistant streptococcus mutans among different culture media of gene ffh (P<0.05).△PH of normal, glucose and lactose were significantly different before and after the interference(P<0.01); It was significant in sucrose(P<0.05) and there was no obvious difference in starch. Conclusion: The effect of siRNA interference on the acidogenicity for gene ffh of fluoride resistant streptococcus mutans is significant.

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Expression and Significance of CRP, ICAM-1, E-selectins in Periodontal tissue of Experimental Periodontitis Rats.

LI Chunn-nian, WU Ming-xuan, CHEN Rui-xue, et al

2015, 31(2): 109-112.

Abstract ( 140 )

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Objective: To establish experimental periodontitis model in rats, the detection of CRP (C reaction protein), ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule -1), E-selectin expression in rat periodontal tissues and level of rat serum, to investigate the changes of CRP, ICAM-1, E-selectins in the development of periodontitis. Methods: Pure 6-month-old 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, the normal group (group A), the 4 weeks periodontitis group (group B), the 8 weeks periodontitis group (group C), the 12 weeks periodontitis group (group D), 10 rats in each group. Establishment of experimental animal model of periodontitis, according to kill the experimental rats, were used to detect the changes of CRP, ICAM-1, E-selectins of periodontal tissue and serum. Results: The experimental periodontitis with the extension of time, periodontal destruction degree deepening, CRP, ICAM-1, E-selectins of periodontal tissue and serum increased continuously, periodontal tissue inflammation may further aggravate. Conclusion: CRP, ICAM-1, E-selectins as the joint dangerous cytokine periodontitis and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, not only changes with the increase of periodontal inflammation, but also as periodontitis risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease evidence.

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Experiment of PDLSC Cultured on TCP/Chitosan Scaffold in Vitro.

ZHONG Zhi-hua, SHI Bin, ZHOU Xian-lue, et al

2015, 31(2): 113-116.

Abstract ( 151 )

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Objective: To test TCP/Chitosan scaffold that PDLSC cultuled on it. Methods: We make three kinds of TCP/Chitosan scaffolds, then test the biocompatibility of scaffolds. After that, we use PDLSC cultured on TCP/Chitosan scaffold, then, do SEM test, and measure ALP activity. Results: PDLSC grow well on TCP/Chitosan scaffold by SEM test.TCP/Chitosan scaffold is higher than pure Chitosan scaffold on ALP activity test of culturing PDLSC.Conclusion:TCP/Chitosan scaffold is better than pure Chitosan scaffold on promoting PDLSC differentiation.

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Experimental Study on the Activated SGCs Involved in the Pulpitis and Hyperalgesia in Rats.

WANG Hai-tang, WANG Yun, TIAN Ying, et al

2015, 31(2): 117-119.

Abstract ( 215 )

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Objective: To investigate the dynamic expression of GFAP in the trigeminal ganglion (TG), and to elucidate the potential role of activated SGCs in the trigeminal nervous system that involved in the development of pulpitis and associated hyperalgesia. Methods: A rat animal-model with pulpitis was induced by performing CFA on Sprague-Dawley rats. The dynamic expression of GFAP in TG was demonstrated by immunofluorescence, and the mRNA of GFAP was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Results: The GFAP-positive cells were found to present a typical morphology of circle that surrounded the neurons in TG after 24 hours post CFA-inflammation. Results of semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the mRNA of GFAP was increased significantly and reached the peak at 24 hours post CFA-inflammation compared to the control. Conclusion: The trigeminal nervous system may participate in the histopathological development of pulpitis and hyperalgesia with the activation of SGCs.

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In Vitro Biosafety of 20-40nm Nanosilver.

LIU Yu, YIN Wei, SHI Chun, et al

2015, 31(2): 120-122.

Abstract ( 170 )

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Objective: To analyze the in vitro biosafety of 20-40nm nanosilver. Methods: Different concentration of nanosilver and human gingival fibroblast cell was cultured for 2,4 and 6 day,the cell proliferation was determined by MTT.The ALP activity of human gingival fibroblast cell under differentiated medium was detected at day 9,12 and 15. Results: The proliferation of human gingival fibroblast cell was similar in different group.And the ALP activity of human gingival fibroblast cell was not affected by 20-40nm nanosilver. Conclusion: The 20-40nm nanosilver had perfect biosafety to human gingival fibroblast cell in vitro.

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Research of OPNmRNA, BSPmRNA, OCNmRNA Expression during Corticotomy Assisted Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats.

ZHOU Yu-ling, WANG Xu, ZHANG Dong-liang

2015, 31(2): 123-126.

Abstract ( 163 )

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Objective: To study the expression of Osteopontin (OPN),bone sialoprotein (BSP),osteocalcin (OCN) during corticotomy assisted orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Methods: A total of 65 only eight-week healthy male Wistar rats,60 were randomly divided into 3 groups: groupⅠ: selective corticotomy; group Ⅱ: traditional tooth movement; group Ⅲ: mixed group; the remaining five was blank control group. Tooth movement was performed on the first molar using about 60g Ni-Ti spring.Surgery corticotomy drilling operation was performed around the buccal and palatal aspects of the left maxillary first molar tooth. On days 7,14,21,28and42,after the rats were executed by cervical dislocation, SYBR Green real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology was used to analyze the experimental sample, to observe the changes of bone reconstruction biochemical indicators by corticotomy during tooth movement during analyzing the Ct value. Results: Osteoblasts in mixed group related cytokines: OPN (osteopontin), BSP (Bone sialoprotein), Osteocalcin (OCN Osteocalcin) expression of early hints at the assimilation of synthetic reaction increases. Conclusion: In the early of orthodontic tooth movement corticotomy accelerated the teeth to move, changed the early bone metabolic state such as active ossification, supporting the theory of regional acceleratory phenomenon.

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Effect of addition of Ag-embedded nano-TiO₂ Antibacterial Agents on the Antibacterial Activity of Soft Denture Liners

GAO Shi-jun,TAN Xiao-li, LI Wen-wen, et al

2015, 31(2): 127-129.

Abstract ( 147 )

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Objective: To research Ag-embedded nano-TiO₂ (Ag-TiO₂) antibacterial agent on the properties of two kinds of soft denture liner materials antibacterial effect, to provide a theoretical basis for future application in the clinical. Methods: Ag-embedded nano-TiO₂was added to sofreliner medium soft lining materials and self-curing soft liner ranging from 0 to 4％. In vitro bacterial culture,the antibacterial effect of samples and antibacterial longer were tested. Results: Analysis of experimental data shows the experimental group compared with control group differences were statistically significant and with Ag-TiO₂ antibacterial agent added mass ratio increased,the antibacterial rate significantly increased. After dealing with the aging of soft lining materials,antibacterial rate changed little compared with before treatment,no significant differences as. Conclusion: Add Ag-TiO₂ antibacterial agent of 2 kinds of soft liner materials has antimicrobial properties,and the antibacterial rate as antibacterial percentage rise significantly increased; At the same time Ag-TiO₂ antibacterial agent has antibacterial effect longer.

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Effect of Puerarin and Naringin on the proliferation and Differentiation of Osteoblast.

ZHAO Gang, FU Yue-ming, LI De-chao, et al

2015, 31(2): 130-132.

Abstract ( 144 )

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Objective: To observe puerarin and naringin in the osteoblast of rats cultured in vitro. Methods: We used CCK-8 method to observe the effect of puerarin and naringin on the multiplicative function of the osteoblast of rats cultured in vitro and used ALP method to observe the effect of puerarin and naringin on the differentiated function of the osteblast of rats cultured in vitro. Results: The puerarin and naringin have obvious promptive effect on the multiplicative function of the osteoblast,but the effect on the multiplicative function of the osteoblast naringin value-added ability than puerarin.In terms of osteoblast differentiation,puerarin and naringin can improve the ALP activity of osteoblasts.But naringin is superior to the effects of puerarin on the influence on it. Conclusion: Puerarin and naringin have promoting effect on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, but the effect of naringin on osteobast proliferation and differentiation is superior to the effect of puerarin.

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Quantitative PCR Detection of Porphyromonas Gingivalis of Chronic Periodontitis in Saliva.

YUAN Jie, WANG Shao-guo, ZHOU Jian-ye, et al

2015, 31(2): 133-136.

Abstract ( 366 )

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Objective: To detect the amount of Pg in saliva of periodontitis patients and periodontal healthy subjects, then assess differences in the Pg number between the groups. Methods: We examined quantity of Pg in saliva of 20 chronic periodontitis and 20 periodontal health by Pg specific genes Arg-gingipain adopting SYBR Green real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology. T test was used to analyze the differences of Pg engraftment among all groups. Results: In samples of chronic periodontitis, the number of Pg was 1.78×10³-1.99×10⁵ and positive rates was 85%; While in samplels with periodontal healthy subjects, the number of Pg was 2.19×10³-2.30×10³,and positive rates was 10%. The difference of saliva Pg number between chronic periodontitis and periodontal healthy subjects was significant in statisties (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The number of Pg in chronic periodontitis saliva increased highly than in periodontal healthy subjects. In the future research and prevention, not only Pg in the gingival crevicular fluid should be detected, but also we should pay attention to it in the saliva.

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Study of Simulated Microgravity on Cytoskeleton and Migration Ability of hDPSCs.

WU Xiang-zhou, PAN Shuang, LI Yan-ping, et al

2015, 31(2): 137-139.

Abstract ( 137 )

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Objective: To investigate the effect of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway on cytoskeleton and migration ability of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in simulated microgravity (SMG). Methods: hDPSCs were seeded on PLGA scaffolds, and were cultured both on the conditions of conventional environment and SMG for 72 hours. The expression levels of LARG and GAPDH mRNA were measured using the real-time quantitative PCR method. Pull-down assay and western-blot were conducted to detect the RhoA-GTP,RhoA,LIMK-P expression levels. Results: The gene expression of LARG, a member of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) family, is observed to be downregulated under SMG(P<0.05);The RhoA-GTP,RhoA,LIMK-P protein expression levels are downregulated under microgravity(P<0.05). Conclusion: Simulated microgravity can inhibit RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway to change human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) cytoskeleton structure and enhance the adhesion ability, reduce the ability to migrate.

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Effect of Tea Polyphenols on Secretion and Expression of Toll Like Receptor 4 of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells Stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide.

KONG Ning-jing, LI Xiao-na, FAN Qin, et al

2015, 31(2): 140-143.

Abstract ( 151 )

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Objective: To examine the effect of tea polyphonenol (TP) on secretion and expression of toll like receptor 4(TLR4) of human periodontal ligament cells(PDLCs) stimulated by lippolysaccharide. Methods: We isolated PDLCs externally and cultured them. For TP experimental group we used different combination of LPS and TP different concentration, and for the matched group we used DMEM nutrient solutions of 1% FBS. All groups were cultured by 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The level of TLR4 was examined by ELISA and real-time PCR. Results: 100 μg·mL^-1 LPS can significantly enhance the secretion and expression of TLR4 (P<0.05) , and TP significantly inhibits the secretion and expression of TLR4. Conclusion: TP can induce the secretion and expression of PDLCs stimulated by LPS.

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Tensile Bond Strength of Homemade Chinese Herb Denture Adhesive.

WANG Xiao-ying, DU Yong-tao, ZHANG Cong, et al

2015, 31(2): 144-146.

Abstract ( 165 )

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Objective: To measure the tensile bond strength of homemade Chinese herb denture adhesive,and compare with Protefix denture adhesive. Methods: The homemade denture adhesive and the Protefix denture adhesive were soaked in artificial saliva for 12 h, during which the the tensile bond strength of them were tested horary. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS13.0. Results: The tensile bond strength of two types of denture adhesives values were not significant different before they were soaked in artificial saliva (P>0.05). After immersed in artificial saliva, the tensile bond strength of the homemade Chinese herb denture adhesive were significantly stronger than Protefix denture adhesive in terms of the maximum value, the average value and the value of 12h (P<0.05). Conclusion: The homemade Chinese herb denture adhesive was good adhesive properties.

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Meta Analysis the Association between IFN-γ and OLP

YANG Jian-tang, GU Ling-wan

2015, 31(2): 147-151.

Abstract ( 132 )

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Objective: To explore the relationship between IFN-γand oral lichen planus. Methods: A systematic electronic search to hunt for any case control study about IFN-γ with lichen planus was established in the following databases: PUBMED, MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE.com for papers in English language; CNKI for papers in Chinese language. Two investigators selected the original papers according to inclusive and exclusive criteria, described and evaluated the papers included in this review, then extracted the data independently. The different decisions between two investigators were discussed between each other. RevMan 5.0 from Cochrane was employed in data analysis of meta analysis.Results: 4 papers in Chinese and 3 papers in English were included in this review. There were no significant difference in the levels of IFN-γ in serum and saliva between OLP patients and healthy donors. There was no difference in the level of IFN-γ in saliva between erosive OLP (eOLP) patients and healthy donors, so was reticular OLP (rOLP) patients. There was no difference in the levels of IFN-γ in saliva between eOLP patients and rOLP patients. The positive rate of IFN-γ in tissue of OLP patients was significantly higher than healthy donors (P<0.01). Conclusion: IFN-γ may play an important role in OLP. However, more studies with high quality are expected to explore these fields.

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Anthropometrics Study of Surface Characteristic of Lip Nasal of Subjects with Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate of the Infants.

ZHU Zhi-nong, JI Li, ZHANG Qiang, et al

2015, 31(2): 152-155.

Abstract ( 157 )

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Objective: To provide a theoretical reference for the clinical treatment and efficacy assessment of unilateral complete cleft lip by mastering the characteristics of the lip nasal soft tissue profiles of the infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Methods: 92 infants with UCLP were randomly selected, measured the lip nasal soft tissue profiles directly and compared with normal control group. Results: The mean value and standard deviation of 28 facial basic measurement indexes were obtained from normal infants and infants with UCLP. We compared the measurements of UCLP group with normal group. Three indexes including lateral upper vermilion heigh in the affected side, upper lip height in the unaffected side, the nose bottom width in the unaffected side, were not significant different. The other indexes were statistically significant different (P<0.01). The correlation analysis of measurements in UCLP group showed that there were correlations and statistically significance among several indexes. Conclusion: UCLP was a complex lip-nasal deformity, formed a whole in three dimension. It displayed tissue defect and displacement. The measurement indexes differed greatly, but there was a obvious positive correlation between paired indexes of the same individual.

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Hyperbaric Oxygenation Enhance the Treatment Effect of Local Injection of Danshen and Triamcinolone Acetonide in Oral Submucous Fibrosis.

JIANG Xiao-wen, LU Kun, ZHANG Hao, et al

2015, 31(2): 156-159.

Abstract ( 158 )

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Objective: To prove the safety and promotion effect of hyperbaric oxygenation treatment in oral submucous fibroisis patients with local injection with Danshen and triamcinolone acetonide. Methods: 46 patients were assigned into three groups randomly in the clinical trial. The patients in group A accepted hyperbaric oxygenation treatment twice a week for 8 weeks. The patients in group B accepted local injection with Danshen and triamcinolone acetonide for 8 weeks. The patients in group C accepted both treatment for 8 weeks. Results: The patients in three groups presented different curing effect without obvious side effect. At 8 weeks, the maximum mouth opening was (2.94±1.01)mm, (3.89±0.67)mm, and (6.14±1.46)mm in group A, B, and C, respectively. At 12 weeks after the finish of treatment, the maximum mouth opening was (2.94±1.01)mm and (1.98±0.78)mm, (3.18±0.66)mm and (5.42±1.53)mm in group A, B, and C, respectively. The amelioration degree of mouth sense was (1.15±0.31), (2.08±0.60), and (2.80±0.78) in group A, B, and C at 8 weeks, respectively. At 12 weeks after the finish of treatment, the amelioration degree of mouth sense was (2.00±0.72), (3.08±0.73), (3.38±0.94) in group A, B, and C at 8 weeks, respectively. Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygenation treatment could promote the curing effect of local injection with danshen and triamcinolone acetonide with good rate and safety.

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Effectiveness of Apical Preparation Size on the Removal of Smear Layer.

MIAO Hui, GUO Xiang-jun, CHEN Min, et al

2015, 31(2): 160-162.

Abstract ( 163 )

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Objective: To compare the effect of five different apical preparation protocols in smear layer removal. Methods: Fifty extracted single-rooted maxillary anterior teeth were randomly divided into five groups,group A: root canals were prepared to 25^#(F2) by ProTaper system,and irrigated by NaOCl and EDTA; group B: root canals were prepared to 30^#(F3),and the preparation and irrigation protocols were same as group A; group C: root canals were prepared to 30^#(F3) by ProTaper system,and then the apical size enlarged to 35^#bystainless steel K-file.The irrigation protocol was same as group A; group D: root canals were prepared to 30^#(F3) by ProTaper system,and then the apical size enlarged to 40^#bystainless steel K-file.The irrigation protocol was same as group A; group E: root canal preparation was same as group D,and irrigated by distilled water.The samples were examined under a thermal field emission scanning electron microscope. Results: Group B,group C and group D showed lower scores than group A (P<0.05); group A,group B,group C and group D showed lower scores than group E (P<0.05). Conclusion: In smear layer removal,the minimum instrumentation for proper penetration of irrigants to the apical third of the canal is a 30^#file by ProTaper system.

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Pilot Study of Resin Infiltration of White Spot Lesions on Anterior Teeth in Teenagers.

ZHONG Jie, LIN Bi-chen, CHEN Xiao-xian

2015, 31(2): 163-166.

Abstract ( 157 )

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Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of resin infiltration and fluoride therapy on white spot lesions. Methods: Total sample of 56 teeth from 10 patients were recruited. Homonymous teeth were randomly allocated to two groups. In the test group, lesions were infiltrated. Fluoride was used in the control group. Using double-blind method, the teeth were examined, and the ICDAS and DIAGNOdent codes of teeth before , right after, 6, and 12months after treatment were recorded and compared. Results: Differences between the mean values of DIAGNOdent codes of test group teeth right after, 6, and 12months after treatment and those of control group were considered significant. After treatment, the number of teeth with increased ICDAS codes was 0, and it was 5 in the control group. Differences of the number of teeth with increased ICDAS codes between two groups were not considered significant. Conclusion: According to these results, resin infiltration is an alternative in effectively delaying the development of white spot lesions.

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Evaluation of PECAM-1 Gene Polymorphism with Periodontal Disease and Healthy Individuals in Heilongjiang.

NING Wan-chen, QIAO Chong-chong, WANG Li

2015, 31(2): 167-170.

Abstract ( 166 )

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Objective: To investigate the possible genetic association of the Val125Leu polymorphism of the PECAM-1 gene and chronic periodontitis in Heilongjiang. Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from oral mucosa of 146 periodontal patients (57 with mild ,53with moderate and 36 with severe chronic periodontitis) and 91 healthy individuals. Samples were genotyped and analyzed for the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PECAM-1 using the multiplex SNaPshot technique. The differences of the genotype and allele frequencies were calculated and analyzed. Results: All genotypes distribution of the PECAM-1 rs281865545polymorphism were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both the cases and the controls; PECAM-1 rs281865545 GG, GC, and nCC genotype frequencies were 24.7%,52.7%,22.6% in case samples, and 13.2%,57.1%,29.7% in control samples, respectively. Two groups genotype frequencies distribution were not significantly different. The allele G, C distribution frequencies were 51.0% and 49.0% in the periodontitis group and 41.8%,58.2% in the control group, a statistically difference was seen in the allele frequencies among the different groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: No significant association was found between the polymorphism tested and the subgroups of periodontitis, further research is still necessary to determine whether this polymorphism can be used as a genetic marker of periodontitis.

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Analysis of Impacted Maxillary Canine Position with Panoramic Radiography and Cone-beam Computed Tomography.

GAO Cui, ZHAO Hong-yan, SUN Ting-ting, et al

2015, 31(2): 171-174.

Abstract ( 177 )

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Objective: To judge the correlation between the mesiodistal and vertical position of the maxillary impacted canines on the panoramic radiographs and the labiopalatal position of the impacted canines and root resorption of permanent incisors in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Sixty-eight patients with ninety-four impacted maxillary canines were scanned by CBCT and the panoramic radiograph. We divided the mesiodistal position of the canine cusp tip on the panoramic radiographs into five sectors (Ⅰsector-Ⅴsector), and in the vertical plane the height of the crown of each impacted canine was classified three zones (apical, middle, or coronal). The labiopalatal position of the impacted canines and root resorption of permanent incisors were evaluated with CBCT. Results: There was a statistically significant association between the labiopalatal position of the canines and the panoramic sectors of the impacted canines (P＜0.001). In CBCT labially impacted canines were more frequent in panoramic sectors Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, mid-alveolus impacted canines were frequent in sector Ⅳ, and palatally impacted canines were most frequent in sector Ⅴ. But the panoramic vertical zones of the impacted canines and the labiopalatal position in CBCT were no statistical significance. Root resorption of permanent incisors was more frequent in panoramic sectors Ⅳ,Ⅴand apical zone, middle zone. Root resorption of permanent incisors showed a significant difference according to sector location and zone location (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The labiopalatal position of impacted canines and resorption of permanent incisors might be predicted using sector location on panoramic radiography. The vertical zone on panoramic radiography can judge the root resorption of permanent incisors, but can not predict labiopalatal position of impacted canines.

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A Retrospective Study of 97 Patients with Zygomatic Bone Fractures.

Sudhir Shrestha, ZHANG Hong-yi, LI Zu-bing

2015, 31(2): 175-178.

Abstract ( 145 )

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Objective: To evaluate the epidemiology, treatment, and complications of zygomatic bone fractures or/and zygomatic arch fractures associated with other facial and other parts fractures of body. Methods: This survey was performed in the first hospital affiliated with Yangtze University, from August 2008 to August 2013. The records of 97 patients with zygomatic bone fractures were reviewed. Data regarding gender, age, addictions, day of trauma, etiology, sings and symptoms, oral hygiene condition, day of initial evaluation, hospital admission, day of surgery ,surgery approach, pattern of fractures, treatment performed, post-operative antibiotic, day of hospital discharge, and post-operative complications were collected. The data were subjected to descriptive statistical analyses. Results: The most frequent fractures occurred during the fourth of life. The most frequent etiology was traffic accident, and symptoms and signs included pain and edema .Type I fractures were the main injury observed, and the surgical treatment of choice was always rigid internal fixation. Post-operative antibiotic therapy was solely employed when there was an indication. Most frequent complications that were observed was the disfunction of orbital nerve. Conclusion: The treatment protocol yielded desired post-operative results and also success rates comparable to published adta around world.

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Clinical Evaluation of Indirect Composite Resin Onlay Restoration in the Posterior Residual Crown.

WEI Zhen-hui, DU Yuan-hong, WANG Jin-hai

2015, 31(2): 179-181.

Abstract ( 179 )

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Objective: To evaluate the clinical restoration effects of indirect composite resin onlay in posterior residual crown. Methods: A total of 68 proximal-occlusal defections were restored with direct HRi composite and indirect HRi composite onlay. All restorations were evaluated by two examiners at 6 months , 24 months and 36months after placement. Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square test at a significance level of 5%. Results: There were no significant differences between two methods on each evaluation item at 6months. Most of the items had no significant difference except the proximal contact (P<0.05) at 24 months. However, There were obvious differences in the marginal adaption , proximal contact and periodontic condition between two methods at 36 months (P<0.05). Conclusion: The indirect composite resin onlay restoration showed better clinical restoration effects than the direct composite restoration and could meet different patients needs.

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Production and Application of Repair-Centered Simple Implant Templante.

DING Ming-hui, XIA Rui, WU Yong-mei, et al

2015, 31(2): 182-184.

Abstract ( 157 )

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Objective: To introduce a method for making implant surgery operation template and observe its guiding role in planting operation. Methods: The implantation position and orientation is identified by 2.0 mm wax line in the research model, with self curing plastic filling edentulous area and its adjacent tooth region to form a retention device. After the self curing plastic solidifies, template is removed, the wax line, is washed away with warm water which formes a surgical template with implantation of road. We use this template to guide planting operation of 49 patients with a total of 72 implants. Results: Except for 1 maxillary premolar case which changes position and orientation because of lip root square bone undercut, all the remaining 71 implants' position and direction achieve the desired results and satisfactory repair effect. Conclusion: The study proves: by making repair- center simple implant template with 3D imaging and performing oral implant operation guided in planting template, site and direction of planting are accurate and the operation time is shorten.Thus, it has a strong practicability and good application prospect.

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Relationship between Orthodontist Behaviors and Patient Satisfaction in Orthodontic Treatment.

HAN Ying-xing, WAN Rong, DONG Qing-shan, et al

2015, 31(2): 185-187.

Abstract ( 171 )

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Objective: To explore the relationship between orthodontist behaviors and patient satisfaction in orthodontic treatment. Methods: A total of 410 clinic patients who underwent orthodontic treatment were asked to complete the questionnaire about the dentist behaviors scale and dental visit satisfaction scale. We compared the results of different groups according to gender, age and treatment time. The data were performed by SPSS 18.0 software for correlation analysis, stepwise regression and rank sum tests. Results: The correlation coefficient R between orthodontist behaviors and patient satisfaction was 0.572, having significant statistical difference (P<0.05). In the behavior of 24 kinds of orthodontist, 6 could significantly affect patient satisfaction (P<0.05). All of them were positive correlation. Higher satisfaction was found in women than in men for the same orthodontist behaviors (P<0.05), but the same between adolescents and adults and in the different treatment time points. Conclusion: Orthodontist should regulate their behaviors, understand the patient's clinic characteristics of the different gender, age and treatment time, strengthen the communication with patients and improve patient satisfaction.

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Effect of Different pH Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching on Human Dentin Color and Transparency.

WANG Su-yu, LI Dong-xia

2015, 31(2): 188-189.

Abstract ( 148 )

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Objective: To investigate the effect of different pH value of hydrogen peroxide solution on dentin color and transparency. Methods: 30 recently extracted human premolars were randomly divided into two groups, 15 cases in each group. Along the long axis, the teeth were cut, removed of pulp, and bleached with, two hydrogen peroxide solution using the pH=4.5 and pH=7.0. Changes of dentin color and transparency were recorded with Crystaleye computer colorimeter as well as the relationship and time. A preliminary analysis was performed to learn its mechanism. Results: One week after the pH7.0 hydrogen peroxide solution bleaching dentin became yellow, transparency decreased, the activity of matrix metalloproteinases decreased. One week after pH4.5 solution of hydrogen peroxide bleaching dentin became yellow, transparency reduced. Part of the dentin color restored after 3 weeks, and matrix metalloproteinase activity increased, with a significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution has strong oxidation resistance of dentin, great damage. Neutral hydrogen peroxide solution has slight dentin destruction. The mechanism is related to odontogenic matrix metalloproteinase activity.

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